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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
17. Also the triumph of the sacred beings zm the end, and the peculiarity of the joint control of the demons ; how, before that, they rushed openly into the world and have dwindled, ¢hezr bodily forms are shattered*, and they are so converted into secret decay, that ¢heezr supplicants, deceived and deceivers, became awful disputants through confession of it. 8. And when, through completely accepting the religion from Atharymazd, he came to the obedient king Kai-Vistasp to attract those of the world, he exhibited glorious actions of many kinds and the 1 Dk. VII, iii, 15-19; Zs. XVI, 8-11. ? Ibid. 2; Zs. XIV, 12, 13. * Ibid. 60-iv, 1; Zs. XXI, 11-XXII, 13. * Dk. VII, iv, 36-41, 61, 62. 5 Ibid. 42, 44-46, 63. 124 DINKARD, BOOK V.. smiting of demons and fiends ; and 4e openly spoke the thoughts of king Vistasp and many of the multitude aout hidden matters', thus: ‘A person is possessing life only by destiny, and without his body, but with a like destiny, the person possessing life is restored ;’ Ze was also opposing many wizards, demon-worshippers, demon-consulters, and those seduced dy? deceivers who are awful disputants. 9. And this was the utterance of those twelve stars whose names ave those of the twelve zodzacal constellations, and the primitive learned of Bapél ®, that have come to these, who ave asking questions of the chief rulers of Khvaniras, Aave to justify z¢, in the controversy, with the spiritual and materiag customs and rude observances which are diversely ifested, onwards from ¢he ¢¢me of Yim the splendid @and the evidence of it, discernible with him, was’ that of Vohtimané, Ashavahisté, the fire, and some other good spirits 4. 10. Afterwards, too, the estimating and weighing of the whole utterance of the religion of Atharymazd were held out by him to Vistasp and those of the world, as very accountably a wonder; and further, too, he remained as z¢ were more conflicting with fellow-disputants than his own words opposing the fellow-disputants. 11. Also when, through the effect of glory and the struggle for dezng saved, every class of apostles and prophets and manifestation of tokens and suchlike were, with certain avd striking evidence, casting down blessings, even thereupon the obedient king 1 Dk. VIL, iv, 65, 71. ? B has ‘ and demon-separatists (va-shéd4-gvtdak4n).’ § Dk. VII, iv, 72. * Ibid. 74, 85; Zs. XXIII, 7. CHAPTER II, 9-15. 125 Kai-Vistasp’s fear of the adversary of religion, and also other causes, arose, on account of which he was then accepting the propagation of the religion}, when its great glory and beauty? were seen by him. 12. At first, Zarir®, Spend-déd‘, Frashdéstar, and Gamasp 5, several of the realm who were noble, conspicuous, and well-acting, the good amd princes of mankind, beheld visibly the will and desirableness of Athaymazd and the archangels, and the progressive religion of the creatures, fit for those completely victorious (hdAtrag4énig).
213. Lastly, the seizure and capturing (girtnisnd) by the demons ave beheld and watched; and they have remained opposing, owing to the number of idolators competing wranglingly. 14. And much conflict and slaughter occurred, which arose purely, so that the mingling of the religion in the world proceeded °. 15. There are also his pure new bringers and complete controllers of the same religion, Afishédar 7, Adshédar-méh §, and Séshans*; and through the complete progress of this religion of Afhaymazd, all the good creatures become without disturbance and all-radiant !°. 1 Dk. VII, iv, 87. *? K43 has vardzd; but B, omitting the first letter, has 1¢f6, ‘ praise.’ 5 A brother and commander-in-chief of Vistasp, killed in the battle with Argdsp, see Bd. XXXI, 29; YZ. 54-56. ‘ A son of Vistésp; see Dk. VII, vii, 5; YZ. 82-85. 5 Two brothers, see Chap. III, 4; Dk. VII, vi, 12 ; Zs. XXIII, ro. 6 See Chap. III, 1. 7 Dk. VII, viii, 55-ix, 13. § Dk. VII, ix, 18—-x, ro. ® Dk. VII, x, 15-xi, 5. 10 Dk. VII, xi, 6-11. 126 DINKARD, BOOK V. Cuapter III. 1. About that which is manifested as regards the propitiousness, forward intellect, and complete virtue of Zaratist, it is openly declared that, according to his explaining statements, there occurred such events as the victory of Kai-Vistasp and the Iranians over Argdsp! and an army of Khyéns and other foreigners of innumerable kinds, azd details on that subject; also other assistance of Vistdsp and those of the realm in other necessities. 2. The killing of Zaratdst himself 6y Bradré-résh ? the Tar; the provision of a chariot dy Srité * of the Visraps ; and whatever is on those subjects. 3. Also, specially, matters in the times to come, each consecutively, when therein arrive devastators such as Alexander ‘, and the killer of Akré-khirad6 5, Mahrkis °, Dahak 7, and other devastators; extenders of belief (viravisn-valan) sack as the Messiah (Mashikh), Manih 8, and others ; periods such as the steel age®, that mingled with iron, and others; and organizers, restorers, avd introducers of religion, such 1 Dk. VII, iv, 77, 83, 84, 87-90; v, 73; this victory occurred in the thirtieth year of the religion, see Zs. XXIII, 8. 2 Dk. VII, v, 12 n. 8 Dk. VII, vi, 2-11. 4 Dk. VII, vii, 7. 5 Or Aghrérad (Av. Aghraératha), killed by his brother Frastyav or Frangrasiyak of Tfr, see Bd. XXIX, 5; XXXI, 15, 20-22. 6 Dk. VII, i, 24; ix, 3. 7 Ibid. i, 26. 8 A heretic who flourished a.p. 216-242 ; see Dk. IX, xxxix, 13 n. ® According to Byt. II, 21, 22, the steel age was the time of Khfsré6 Andéshérvan, and that mingled with iron at the end of Zaratdst’s millennium, \ 4 CHAPTER III, I-IV, I. 127 as Artakhshatar !, Atorpad 2, Khasrdi?, Péshyétan 4, Atdshédar, Adshédar-mah, Séshans 5, and others.
3IX, xxxix, 13 n. ® According to Byt. II, 21, 22, the steel age was the time of Khfsré6 Andéshérvan, and that mingled with iron at the end of Zaratdst’s millennium, \ 4 CHAPTER III, I-IV, I. 127 as Artakhshatar !, Atorpad 2, Khasrdi?, Péshyétan 4, Atdshédar, Adshédar-mah, Séshans 5, and others. 4. The formation of custom, and the indications which ave come to manifestation and wé/ arrive at various periods; and the proclamation of these, too, by GamAsp*, from the teaching of Zaratdst, is what he wrote, together with the Avesta and Zand, upon oxhides, and it was written wz¢h gold, and kept in the royal treasury”. 5. And it was from it the highpriests of the rulers made many copies; and afterwards, too, it is from it that it happened, both to the less intelligent and the corrupters, that ¢hey were introducing different opinions azd different views. CuaptTer IV. 1. About the selectness and perfection of the race of Iran, that is, how the destroyer and the mingling of defects came into the creation, first into the distribution of the race [of mankind] ® from the children of Sty4mak °, axd good intellect, good disposition, 1 Ardashir Papakan (a.p. 226-241), the founder of the Sdsdnian dynasty. 2 Son of Maraspend, and prime minister of ShahpGhar II (A.D. 309-379). 5 Andshérvan (A.D. 531-578). * A son of Vistasp and immortal ruler of Kangdez, see Dk. VII, iv, 81. 5 See Chap. II, 15. ® See Chap. II, 12.- 7 This was the original Avesta prepared by order of Vistasp, as stated in the last chapter of Dk. III, § 3 (see S. B. E., vol. xxxvii, p- xxxi). ® B omits the words in brackets. ® Son of Masyé, called Samak in Dk. VII, i, 15. 128 DINKARD, BOOK V. proper affection, proper praise, proper modesty, observance of hope, liberality, truth, generosity, good friendship, avd other capability, glory, and proper duty are more particularly included for Fravak }, and again altered for frontier peoples. 2. Such-like goodness and glory, again, through selection from a promiscuous origin—even till the coming on of various new contaminations, from the demons, among the children of Fravak—were for Haéshang and Vaégered’, as HAdshang through superior glory was ruler of the world, and Vaégered through provincial government (dahyfkAnth) became the cultivator and cherisher of the world ; and their well-destined descendants* aggrandized the race of the monarchs among the well-born provincial governors (dahyQk4n). 3. In union, such-like glory and goodness proceeded, mutually connected, in various ages as settled by the annals (m4dig4n), and the frontiers of Atar ‘ are penetrated ; also in various annals ¢here were in succession such men as Takhmérup, Yim, Frédin the Aspigan, and Airié of Iran, the progenitor of Manis, Mands-khvarnar, and Mantséihar ° 4. And, besides including this one, who was a monarch of superior glory, and other monarchs such as ave also in the same race®, the Kay4ns’ were
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
17. Also the triumph of the sacred beings zm the end, and the peculiarity of the joint control of the demons ; how, before that, they rushed openly into the world and have dwindled, ¢hezr bodily forms are shattered*, and they are so converted into secret decay, that ¢heezr supplicants, deceived and deceivers, became awful disputants through confession of it. 8. And when, through completely accepting the religion from Atharymazd, he came to the obedient king Kai-Vistasp to attract those of the world, he exhibited glorious actions of many kinds and the 1 Dk. VII, iii, 15-19; Zs. XVI, 8-11. ? Ibid. 2; Zs. XIV, 12, 13. * Ibid. 60-iv, 1; Zs. XXI, 11-XXII, 13. * Dk. VII, iv, 36-41, 61, 62. 5 Ibid. 42, 44-46, 63. 124 DINKARD, BOOK V.. smiting of demons and fiends ; and 4e openly spoke the thoughts of king Vistasp and many of the multitude aout hidden matters', thus: ‘A person is possessing life only by destiny, and without his body, but with a like destiny, the person possessing life is restored ;’ Ze was also opposing many wizards, demon-worshippers, demon-consulters, and those seduced dy? deceivers who are awful disputants. 9. And this was the utterance of those twelve stars whose names ave those of the twelve zodzacal constellations, and the primitive learned of Bapél ®, that have come to these, who ave asking questions of the chief rulers of Khvaniras, Aave to justify z¢, in the controversy, with the spiritual and materiag customs and rude observances which are diversely ifested, onwards from ¢he ¢¢me of Yim the splendid @and the evidence of it, discernible with him, was’ that of Vohtimané, Ashavahisté, the fire, and some other good spirits 4. 10. Afterwards, too, the estimating and weighing of the whole utterance of the religion of Atharymazd were held out by him to Vistasp and those of the world, as very accountably a wonder; and further, too, he remained as z¢ were more conflicting with fellow-disputants than his own words opposing the fellow-disputants. 11. Also when, through the effect of glory and the struggle for dezng saved, every class of apostles and prophets and manifestation of tokens and suchlike were, with certain avd striking evidence, casting down blessings, even thereupon the obedient king 1 Dk. VIL, iv, 65, 71. ? B has ‘ and demon-separatists (va-shéd4-gvtdak4n).’ § Dk. VII, iv, 72. * Ibid. 74, 85; Zs. XXIII, 7. CHAPTER II, 9-15. 125 Kai-Vistasp’s fear of the adversary of religion, and also other causes, arose, on account of which he was then accepting the propagation of the religion}, when its great glory and beauty? were seen by him. 12. At first, Zarir®, Spend-déd‘, Frashdéstar, and Gamasp 5, several of the realm who were noble, conspicuous, and well-acting, the good amd princes of mankind, beheld visibly the will and desirableness of Athaymazd and the archangels, and the progressive religion of the creatures, fit for those completely victorious (hdAtrag4énig).
213. Lastly, the seizure and capturing (girtnisnd) by the demons ave beheld and watched; and they have remained opposing, owing to the number of idolators competing wranglingly. 14. And much conflict and slaughter occurred, which arose purely, so that the mingling of the religion in the world proceeded °. 15. There are also his pure new bringers and complete controllers of the same religion, Afishédar 7, Adshédar-méh §, and Séshans*; and through the complete progress of this religion of Afhaymazd, all the good creatures become without disturbance and all-radiant !°. 1 Dk. VII, iv, 87. *? K43 has vardzd; but B, omitting the first letter, has 1¢f6, ‘ praise.’ 5 A brother and commander-in-chief of Vistasp, killed in the battle with Argdsp, see Bd. XXXI, 29; YZ. 54-56. ‘ A son of Vistésp; see Dk. VII, vii, 5; YZ. 82-85. 5 Two brothers, see Chap. III, 4; Dk. VII, vi, 12 ; Zs. XXIII, ro. 6 See Chap. III, 1. 7 Dk. VII, viii, 55-ix, 13. § Dk. VII, ix, 18—-x, ro. ® Dk. VII, x, 15-xi, 5. 10 Dk. VII, xi, 6-11. 126 DINKARD, BOOK V. Cuapter III. 1. About that which is manifested as regards the propitiousness, forward intellect, and complete virtue of Zaratist, it is openly declared that, according to his explaining statements, there occurred such events as the victory of Kai-Vistasp and the Iranians over Argdsp! and an army of Khyéns and other foreigners of innumerable kinds, azd details on that subject; also other assistance of Vistdsp and those of the realm in other necessities. 2. The killing of Zaratdst himself 6y Bradré-résh ? the Tar; the provision of a chariot dy Srité * of the Visraps ; and whatever is on those subjects. 3. Also, specially, matters in the times to come, each consecutively, when therein arrive devastators such as Alexander ‘, and the killer of Akré-khirad6 5, Mahrkis °, Dahak 7, and other devastators; extenders of belief (viravisn-valan) sack as the Messiah (Mashikh), Manih 8, and others ; periods such as the steel age®, that mingled with iron, and others; and organizers, restorers, avd introducers of religion, such 1 Dk. VII, iv, 77, 83, 84, 87-90; v, 73; this victory occurred in the thirtieth year of the religion, see Zs. XXIII, 8. 2 Dk. VII, v, 12 n. 8 Dk. VII, vi, 2-11. 4 Dk. VII, vii, 7. 5 Or Aghrérad (Av. Aghraératha), killed by his brother Frastyav or Frangrasiyak of Tfr, see Bd. XXIX, 5; XXXI, 15, 20-22. 6 Dk. VII, i, 24; ix, 3. 7 Ibid. i, 26. 8 A heretic who flourished a.p. 216-242 ; see Dk. IX, xxxix, 13 n. ® According to Byt. II, 21, 22, the steel age was the time of Khfsré6 Andéshérvan, and that mingled with iron at the end of Zaratdst’s millennium, \ 4 CHAPTER III, I-IV, I. 127 as Artakhshatar !, Atorpad 2, Khasrdi?, Péshyétan 4, Atdshédar, Adshédar-mah, Séshans 5, and others.
3IX, xxxix, 13 n. ® According to Byt. II, 21, 22, the steel age was the time of Khfsré6 Andéshérvan, and that mingled with iron at the end of Zaratdst’s millennium, \ 4 CHAPTER III, I-IV, I. 127 as Artakhshatar !, Atorpad 2, Khasrdi?, Péshyétan 4, Atdshédar, Adshédar-mah, Séshans 5, and others. 4. The formation of custom, and the indications which ave come to manifestation and wé/ arrive at various periods; and the proclamation of these, too, by GamAsp*, from the teaching of Zaratdst, is what he wrote, together with the Avesta and Zand, upon oxhides, and it was written wz¢h gold, and kept in the royal treasury”. 5. And it was from it the highpriests of the rulers made many copies; and afterwards, too, it is from it that it happened, both to the less intelligent and the corrupters, that ¢hey were introducing different opinions azd different views. CuaptTer IV. 1. About the selectness and perfection of the race of Iran, that is, how the destroyer and the mingling of defects came into the creation, first into the distribution of the race [of mankind] ® from the children of Sty4mak °, axd good intellect, good disposition, 1 Ardashir Papakan (a.p. 226-241), the founder of the Sdsdnian dynasty. 2 Son of Maraspend, and prime minister of ShahpGhar II (A.D. 309-379). 5 Andshérvan (A.D. 531-578). * A son of Vistasp and immortal ruler of Kangdez, see Dk. VII, iv, 81. 5 See Chap. II, 15. ® See Chap. II, 12.- 7 This was the original Avesta prepared by order of Vistasp, as stated in the last chapter of Dk. III, § 3 (see S. B. E., vol. xxxvii, p- xxxi). ® B omits the words in brackets. ® Son of Masyé, called Samak in Dk. VII, i, 15. 128 DINKARD, BOOK V. proper affection, proper praise, proper modesty, observance of hope, liberality, truth, generosity, good friendship, avd other capability, glory, and proper duty are more particularly included for Fravak }, and again altered for frontier peoples. 2. Such-like goodness and glory, again, through selection from a promiscuous origin—even till the coming on of various new contaminations, from the demons, among the children of Fravak—were for Haéshang and Vaégered’, as HAdshang through superior glory was ruler of the world, and Vaégered through provincial government (dahyfkAnth) became the cultivator and cherisher of the world ; and their well-destined descendants* aggrandized the race of the monarchs among the well-born provincial governors (dahyQk4n). 3. In union, such-like glory and goodness proceeded, mutually connected, in various ages as settled by the annals (m4dig4n), and the frontiers of Atar ‘ are penetrated ; also in various annals ¢here were in succession such men as Takhmérup, Yim, Frédin the Aspigan, and Airié of Iran, the progenitor of Manis, Mands-khvarnar, and Mantséihar ° 4. And, besides including this one, who was a monarch of superior glory, and other monarchs such as ave also in the same race®, the Kay4ns’ were
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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