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1These are the virtues one must acquire, as it is said in the Scriptures: 49°. .. . whose words of prayer rejoice [the gods] *. 50. Teaching in peace *. 51. In perfect piety keeping (Religion)*. 52. Science in giving ?° 53- His word is without rancour ".’ XXVIL. 54. In what fashion is manifest thy Ahuna Vairya 3° ? 55- Ahura Mazda made answer: By Good Thought in perfect unity with Reason, O Zarathustra ! 56. Taking all good things, taking all that is the offspring of the Good Principle 7 Answering to the words, ‘man of prayer,’ in Atdrpat’s sentence. ® Answering to the words, ‘ man of peace.’ ® Answering to the words, ‘man of perfect piety.’ Cf. Vp. II, 5 (Sp. 10). © Answering to the words, ‘man of liberality.’ 4 Answering to the words, ‘and without rancour.’ 11 The Zoroastrian prayer xar’ éfoxn» (Vd. VIII, 19, note 2). The question amounts to: ‘How does it become clear that a man is devoted to religion?’ (Comm.) 8 Doubtful. 288 FRAGMENTS OF THE NASKS. XXVIII. 57. Mananghaséa ahumaiti (read humaiti) hizvaséa haikhta zastayaséa varsti arathwy6é-varsti (read rathwy6-varsti). 58. Nazdy6 ahmi Zarathustra azem yd Ahurd Mazdau vispahé angheus astvaté mamanauska vakaska shéthnaéa, 59. Yatha aungha (read naungha) hada gaosaéibyd yatha va gaosa haa thranghibyé. X XIX. 60. Garadis hadnem (read haomem) Zarathustra bisareméa thresareméa yatha thresarem nitemem. XXX, XXXII. XXX.—61. Vispaééa antare ashem upa haushtuayau, 62. Fraored frakhni (read frakhshni) adi mand zarazdaté6id anghuyad haa. XX XI.—63. Vispau aatare vyAnts. XXXII. 64. Yéiti £atiza Spetama Zarathustra dahmé ashava haurvi ratis dathad, 65. Ad kid dim aiwyditi ya dahma vanghi 4fritis ustrahé kehrpa aghryéhé aghryé madhi-mastemahé. ' This fragment belonged to the Rat-dat-ft Nask, which treated of ‘the proximity of Afbrmazd to the thoughts, words, and deeds of the material world’ (Dinkart VIII, viii, 4). * The Qur’4n (4, 15) has a formula which strangely reminds one of this sentence : ‘ But we created man, and we know what his soul whispers ; for we are nigher to him than his jugular vein.’ 8 «At the third time, take least. The Dastfrs have said: each time take three-fifths ’ (of what there is). This refers very likely to the tasting of Haoma in the Haoma sacrifice (Yasna XI, 11). V. TAHMURAS FRAGMENTS. 289 XXVIII. 57. Of the mind, good thoughts ; of the tongue, good words; of the hand, good works, make the virtuous life. 58". I, Ahura Mazda, am closer, O Zarathustra! to that which all the bodily world thinketh, speaketh, and worketh, 59. Than the nose is to the ears, or than the ears are to the mouth 2, XXIX. 60. Take of the Haoma, O Zarathustra! twice or thrice; but the third time be sparing 3. XXX, XXXI+4. XXX.—61. In the interval, nothing but fair recitations of the Ashem Vohft &, 62. Done with a fervent conviction and a devoted soul ; XX XI.—63. And in the interval do nothing but 7 look on". XXXII, XXXIIL.
2twice or thrice; but the third time be sparing 3. XXX, XXXI+4. XXX.—61. In the interval, nothing but fair recitations of the Ashem Vohft &, 62. Done with a fervent conviction and a devoted soul ; XX XI.—63. And in the interval do nothing but 7 look on". XXXII, XXXIIL. XX XII.—64. Each time, OSpitama Zarathustra ! that the righteous, the godly man offers the sacrifice complete ; 65. Then cometh unto him the good, godly Afriti 8 in the shape of a camel of price, in full heat®. ‘ These two fragments seem to refer to the plucking of the Baresma twigs. 5 While the different twigs are plucked. Cf. Vd. XIX, 18. * A prayer, next in holiness to the Ahuna Vairya. See its translation, Vd. XIX, 22. 7 Cf. Vd. XIX, 19; Nfr. 97 seq. ® The Afrin Dahman, a prayer of blessing on the house of the faithful (cf. Yasna LX). ® The camel in heat is strongest (Yt. XIV, 12 seq.) and therefore the best symbol of the strength that the Afrin Dahm4n brings with it. Cf. Dinkart IX, 22, 2. £4) U 290 FRAGMENTS OF THE NASKS. XX XITI.—66. Noid té ahmad drag6yéititm framraémi Spetama Zarathustra yim dahmam vanghim 4fritim, 67. Ydnad haga hahi humananghad hvasanghad hushyauthnad hudaénad, 68. Yatha padurvé aévé savé aévé armé rangham ava nayéiztim savavau ded (or bed) &is Aité. XXXIV. 69. Kad té razaré kad zt Mazda (Yasna XXXIV, 12a). 70. Ad méi ad ratam ukhdhahy4é4 sraédshem khshathrem44 (Yasna X XXIII, 14). 71. Para té gaédspauzta gadhudau badédhaséa urvaneméa fraéshyamahé nazdista upa thwaresta raokau nars £ashmanau sikem. XX XV. 72. Ashai vahistai ya@ huferethwem dasté-raté, 73. Berezad-varezi hadmananghem, 74. Yad irtrithané ashaoné shatem dathaiti urvanem. XXXVI. 75. Aviséa nau antare hentd nemafvaétts 4ithrau ratayé6 (Yasna XX XIII, 7c)! 76. Tau Avis yau ratayé amtare ameshesa spente saoshyantaséa ; } Yasna XXXIV, 12a, ‘A query of Zartusht, asking for wisdom’ (Comm.) * Ahura is supposed to speak of Zarathustra. The quotation is altered from Yasna XXXII, 14. _* The primeval Bull, Gaush aévédata (Vd. XXI, 1). * His soul, after his death, was sent to Heaven as Geush urvan (Gosh@rfin), the deity that takes care of domestic animals. Vv. TAHMURAS FRAGMENTS, 291 XX XIII.—66. I declare unto thee, O Spitama Zarathustra! the holy Benediction of the Righteous shall not fail (?) thee more, 67. O youth of good thoughts, of good words, of good works, and the good Religion, 68. Than . . . 2... 1. ? XXXIV. 69. How hast thou ordained things? How, O Mazda?! 70. To me he gives obedience to and ruling through the holy Word *. 71. Thy sense and thy soul, O Bull beneficent *! giver of good things, we send towards the heavenly luminaries‘ and thy sight within the eyes of man°. XXXV. 72, Asha Vahista giveth a good passage to whoso hath a spiritual Master °, 73. For his noble deeds and for his virtuous thoughts, 74. And he giveth joy to the soul of the righteous man that has departed *. XXXVI. 75. Grant that the gifts we pray for appear before us *!
3XXXV. 72, Asha Vahista giveth a good passage to whoso hath a spiritual Master °, 73. For his noble deeds and for his virtuous thoughts, 74. And he giveth joy to the soul of the righteous man that has departed *. XXXVI. 75. Grant that the gifts we pray for appear before us *! 76. The gifts manifest between the Amesha Speztas and the Saoshyazts ® ; ® Doubtful. © Cf. § 13-19. 7 Cf. § 44. ® Yasna XXXIII, 7c. ®° This seems to mean: the gifts which the Amesha Speztas reserve for the Saoshyants (the great saints). U2 292 FRAGMENTS OF THE NASKS. 77. Fraraittsta vidishauséa aztare /Avddaénau ashaonts. XXXVI, XXXVIIL. XXXVII—78. Aad yé aétahmi anghvé yad astavamti Spetama Zarathustra upairi hunarem mand barada, 79. Vispem aétem paiti zrvanem astarem urva késayéd. XX XVIII.—80. Aad yad hé manahé paiti barAd, 81. Aad yad hé manahi paiti ava baraité, 82, Paséaéta azem yd Ahurd Mazdau adi uruné urvasma daésayéni, 83. Vahisteméa ahdm anaghraéa raééau afrasanghana Avathra, 84. Visp4 yOméa ustatés ya nars sadra dregvat6é. 85, 86 = 22, 23. XXXIX. 87. Para mé aétahmi anghvé yad astvainti Spetama Zarathustra thriskid vahista anghé astvaité visata : 88. Managa yasnem yad Ahurahé Mazdau 4thraska Ahurahé Mazdau yasneméa vahmeméa hubereitiméa usta-bereitima vazta-bereitiméa ; 89. Narséa ashaoné khshniitiméa 4 reitiméa vy4daska paiti paitizaiztyaséa frayé-humatahé frdyéhdkhtahé fray6-hvareshtahé. } Mutual Charity due from and to Mazdeans. 2 Literally, ‘his soul carries sin.’ 5 T will give bliss to his soul. * No man absolutely deserves bliss. Cf. Yasna LXII, 6: ‘O Fire, son of Ahura Mazda ! give me, however unworthy I am, now and for ever, the bright, all-happy Paradise of the righteous.’ ° ‘The righteous are rewarded, while the wicked are punished ’ (Comm. ad Visparad XVIII, 2). The line is from Yasna XLV, 7. * The three best things in the world are respect shown to Ahura, respect shown to the fire, and respect shown to the righteous. V. TAHMURAS’ FRAGMENTS. 293 77. The holy liberality and bounteousness that reign between brethren in the Faith '. XXXVII, XXXVIII. XX XVII.—78. He who in this bodily world, O Spitama Zarathustra! deemeth overweening well of his own merit, 79. All the time that he doeth this, his soul becomes burdened with sin 2. XXXVIII.—80. But if he deemeth justly of his own merit, 81. Or if he rate it lower than the truth, 82. Then I, the Maker Ahura Mazda, will make his soul see Joy’, 83. And Paradise, boundless Light, undeserved felicity *, 84. And Happiness eternal, while the wicked is in pain ® 85, 86 = 22, 23. XXXIX. 87, As for me in this bodily world, O Spitama Zarathustra ! the three best things of the world are °: 88. The sacrifice offered to me, Ahura Mazda; the sacrifice and prayer, the bounteous free offering, the free offering of pleasure’, the free offering of assistance * made unto the fire of Ahura Mazda;
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1These are the virtues one must acquire, as it is said in the Scriptures: 49°. .. . whose words of prayer rejoice [the gods] *. 50. Teaching in peace *. 51. In perfect piety keeping (Religion)*. 52. Science in giving ?° 53- His word is without rancour ".’ XXVIL. 54. In what fashion is manifest thy Ahuna Vairya 3° ? 55- Ahura Mazda made answer: By Good Thought in perfect unity with Reason, O Zarathustra ! 56. Taking all good things, taking all that is the offspring of the Good Principle 7 Answering to the words, ‘man of prayer,’ in Atdrpat’s sentence. ® Answering to the words, ‘ man of peace.’ ® Answering to the words, ‘man of perfect piety.’ Cf. Vp. II, 5 (Sp. 10). © Answering to the words, ‘man of liberality.’ 4 Answering to the words, ‘and without rancour.’ 11 The Zoroastrian prayer xar’ éfoxn» (Vd. VIII, 19, note 2). The question amounts to: ‘How does it become clear that a man is devoted to religion?’ (Comm.) 8 Doubtful. 288 FRAGMENTS OF THE NASKS. XXVIII. 57. Mananghaséa ahumaiti (read humaiti) hizvaséa haikhta zastayaséa varsti arathwy6é-varsti (read rathwy6-varsti). 58. Nazdy6 ahmi Zarathustra azem yd Ahurd Mazdau vispahé angheus astvaté mamanauska vakaska shéthnaéa, 59. Yatha aungha (read naungha) hada gaosaéibyd yatha va gaosa haa thranghibyé. X XIX. 60. Garadis hadnem (read haomem) Zarathustra bisareméa thresareméa yatha thresarem nitemem. XXX, XXXII. XXX.—61. Vispaééa antare ashem upa haushtuayau, 62. Fraored frakhni (read frakhshni) adi mand zarazdaté6id anghuyad haa. XX XI.—63. Vispau aatare vyAnts. XXXII. 64. Yéiti £atiza Spetama Zarathustra dahmé ashava haurvi ratis dathad, 65. Ad kid dim aiwyditi ya dahma vanghi 4fritis ustrahé kehrpa aghryéhé aghryé madhi-mastemahé. ' This fragment belonged to the Rat-dat-ft Nask, which treated of ‘the proximity of Afbrmazd to the thoughts, words, and deeds of the material world’ (Dinkart VIII, viii, 4). * The Qur’4n (4, 15) has a formula which strangely reminds one of this sentence : ‘ But we created man, and we know what his soul whispers ; for we are nigher to him than his jugular vein.’ 8 «At the third time, take least. The Dastfrs have said: each time take three-fifths ’ (of what there is). This refers very likely to the tasting of Haoma in the Haoma sacrifice (Yasna XI, 11). V. TAHMURAS FRAGMENTS. 289 XXVIII. 57. Of the mind, good thoughts ; of the tongue, good words; of the hand, good works, make the virtuous life. 58". I, Ahura Mazda, am closer, O Zarathustra! to that which all the bodily world thinketh, speaketh, and worketh, 59. Than the nose is to the ears, or than the ears are to the mouth 2, XXIX. 60. Take of the Haoma, O Zarathustra! twice or thrice; but the third time be sparing 3. XXX, XXXI+4. XXX.—61. In the interval, nothing but fair recitations of the Ashem Vohft &, 62. Done with a fervent conviction and a devoted soul ; XX XI.—63. And in the interval do nothing but 7 look on". XXXII, XXXIIL.
2twice or thrice; but the third time be sparing 3. XXX, XXXI+4. XXX.—61. In the interval, nothing but fair recitations of the Ashem Vohft &, 62. Done with a fervent conviction and a devoted soul ; XX XI.—63. And in the interval do nothing but 7 look on". XXXII, XXXIIL. XX XII.—64. Each time, OSpitama Zarathustra ! that the righteous, the godly man offers the sacrifice complete ; 65. Then cometh unto him the good, godly Afriti 8 in the shape of a camel of price, in full heat®. ‘ These two fragments seem to refer to the plucking of the Baresma twigs. 5 While the different twigs are plucked. Cf. Vd. XIX, 18. * A prayer, next in holiness to the Ahuna Vairya. See its translation, Vd. XIX, 22. 7 Cf. Vd. XIX, 19; Nfr. 97 seq. ® The Afrin Dahman, a prayer of blessing on the house of the faithful (cf. Yasna LX). ® The camel in heat is strongest (Yt. XIV, 12 seq.) and therefore the best symbol of the strength that the Afrin Dahm4n brings with it. Cf. Dinkart IX, 22, 2. £4) U 290 FRAGMENTS OF THE NASKS. XX XITI.—66. Noid té ahmad drag6yéititm framraémi Spetama Zarathustra yim dahmam vanghim 4fritim, 67. Ydnad haga hahi humananghad hvasanghad hushyauthnad hudaénad, 68. Yatha padurvé aévé savé aévé armé rangham ava nayéiztim savavau ded (or bed) &is Aité. XXXIV. 69. Kad té razaré kad zt Mazda (Yasna XXXIV, 12a). 70. Ad méi ad ratam ukhdhahy4é4 sraédshem khshathrem44 (Yasna X XXIII, 14). 71. Para té gaédspauzta gadhudau badédhaséa urvaneméa fraéshyamahé nazdista upa thwaresta raokau nars £ashmanau sikem. XX XV. 72. Ashai vahistai ya@ huferethwem dasté-raté, 73. Berezad-varezi hadmananghem, 74. Yad irtrithané ashaoné shatem dathaiti urvanem. XXXVI. 75. Aviséa nau antare hentd nemafvaétts 4ithrau ratayé6 (Yasna XX XIII, 7c)! 76. Tau Avis yau ratayé amtare ameshesa spente saoshyantaséa ; } Yasna XXXIV, 12a, ‘A query of Zartusht, asking for wisdom’ (Comm.) * Ahura is supposed to speak of Zarathustra. The quotation is altered from Yasna XXXII, 14. _* The primeval Bull, Gaush aévédata (Vd. XXI, 1). * His soul, after his death, was sent to Heaven as Geush urvan (Gosh@rfin), the deity that takes care of domestic animals. Vv. TAHMURAS FRAGMENTS, 291 XX XIII.—66. I declare unto thee, O Spitama Zarathustra! the holy Benediction of the Righteous shall not fail (?) thee more, 67. O youth of good thoughts, of good words, of good works, and the good Religion, 68. Than . . . 2... 1. ? XXXIV. 69. How hast thou ordained things? How, O Mazda?! 70. To me he gives obedience to and ruling through the holy Word *. 71. Thy sense and thy soul, O Bull beneficent *! giver of good things, we send towards the heavenly luminaries‘ and thy sight within the eyes of man°. XXXV. 72, Asha Vahista giveth a good passage to whoso hath a spiritual Master °, 73. For his noble deeds and for his virtuous thoughts, 74. And he giveth joy to the soul of the righteous man that has departed *. XXXVI. 75. Grant that the gifts we pray for appear before us *!
3XXXV. 72, Asha Vahista giveth a good passage to whoso hath a spiritual Master °, 73. For his noble deeds and for his virtuous thoughts, 74. And he giveth joy to the soul of the righteous man that has departed *. XXXVI. 75. Grant that the gifts we pray for appear before us *! 76. The gifts manifest between the Amesha Speztas and the Saoshyazts ® ; ® Doubtful. © Cf. § 13-19. 7 Cf. § 44. ® Yasna XXXIII, 7c. ®° This seems to mean: the gifts which the Amesha Speztas reserve for the Saoshyants (the great saints). U2 292 FRAGMENTS OF THE NASKS. 77. Fraraittsta vidishauséa aztare /Avddaénau ashaonts. XXXVI, XXXVIIL. XXXVII—78. Aad yé aétahmi anghvé yad astavamti Spetama Zarathustra upairi hunarem mand barada, 79. Vispem aétem paiti zrvanem astarem urva késayéd. XX XVIII.—80. Aad yad hé manahé paiti barAd, 81. Aad yad hé manahi paiti ava baraité, 82, Paséaéta azem yd Ahurd Mazdau adi uruné urvasma daésayéni, 83. Vahisteméa ahdm anaghraéa raééau afrasanghana Avathra, 84. Visp4 yOméa ustatés ya nars sadra dregvat6é. 85, 86 = 22, 23. XXXIX. 87. Para mé aétahmi anghvé yad astvainti Spetama Zarathustra thriskid vahista anghé astvaité visata : 88. Managa yasnem yad Ahurahé Mazdau 4thraska Ahurahé Mazdau yasneméa vahmeméa hubereitiméa usta-bereitima vazta-bereitiméa ; 89. Narséa ashaoné khshniitiméa 4 reitiméa vy4daska paiti paitizaiztyaséa frayé-humatahé frdyéhdkhtahé fray6-hvareshtahé. } Mutual Charity due from and to Mazdeans. 2 Literally, ‘his soul carries sin.’ 5 T will give bliss to his soul. * No man absolutely deserves bliss. Cf. Yasna LXII, 6: ‘O Fire, son of Ahura Mazda ! give me, however unworthy I am, now and for ever, the bright, all-happy Paradise of the righteous.’ ° ‘The righteous are rewarded, while the wicked are punished ’ (Comm. ad Visparad XVIII, 2). The line is from Yasna XLV, 7. * The three best things in the world are respect shown to Ahura, respect shown to the fire, and respect shown to the righteous. V. TAHMURAS’ FRAGMENTS. 293 77. The holy liberality and bounteousness that reign between brethren in the Faith '. XXXVII, XXXVIII. XX XVII.—78. He who in this bodily world, O Spitama Zarathustra! deemeth overweening well of his own merit, 79. All the time that he doeth this, his soul becomes burdened with sin 2. XXXVIII.—80. But if he deemeth justly of his own merit, 81. Or if he rate it lower than the truth, 82. Then I, the Maker Ahura Mazda, will make his soul see Joy’, 83. And Paradise, boundless Light, undeserved felicity *, 84. And Happiness eternal, while the wicked is in pain ® 85, 86 = 22, 23. XXXIX. 87, As for me in this bodily world, O Spitama Zarathustra ! the three best things of the world are °: 88. The sacrifice offered to me, Ahura Mazda; the sacrifice and prayer, the bounteous free offering, the free offering of pleasure’, the free offering of assistance * made unto the fire of Ahura Mazda;
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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