Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1—Marv continued to be the resort of Turanian plunderers till the recent Russian annexation. * Bakhtri; Bderpa; Balkh. 5 «The corn-carrying ants’ (Asp.; cf. Farg. XIV, 5). * By contradistinction to other places of the same name. There was a Nisdya, in Media, where Darius put to death the Mage Gaumfta (Bahistfin I, 58). There was also a Nis& in Fars, another in Kirm4n, a third again on the way from Amol to Marv (Tabari, tr. Noeldeke, p. 101, 2), which may be the same as Nicata, the capital of Parthia (Map@aimoa ap. Isid. of Charax 12); cf. Pliny VI, 25 (29). One may therefore be tempted to translate, ‘ Nisdya between which and Bakhdhi Méuru lies ;’ but the text hardly admits of that construction, and we must suppose the existence of another Nis4ya on the way from Balkh to Marv. 6 VENDIDAD. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created the sin of unbelief}. 9 (29). The sixth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the housedeserting Haréyu ?. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created tears and wailing °. 10 (33). The seventh of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was Vaékereta *, of the evil shadows. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created the Pairika Knathaiti, who clave unto KeresAspa °, ’ There are people there ‘who doubt the existence of God’ (Comm.) * Haréyu, Old P. Haraiva (transcribed in Greek and Latin ’Apeta Aria instead of ‘Apefa Haria, by a confusion with the name of the Aryans); P. Haré (in Firdausi and in Haré-rid ; Hart is an Arabicised form.—‘ The house-deserting Haré: because there, when a man dies in a house, the people of the house leave it and go. We keep the ordinances for nine days or a month: they leave the house and absent themselves from it for nine days or a month’ (Gr. Bd.) Cf. Vd. V, 42. * <The tears and wailing for the dead,’ the voceros. The tears shed over a dead man grow to a river that prevents his crossing the Kinvat bridge (Saddar 96; Ard& Viraf XVI, 7, ro). 4 Vaékereta, an older name of Kébul (K4p@1: Comm. and Gr. Bd.) ; perhaps the Ptolemeian Baydpda in Paropanisus (Ptol. VI, 18). 5 The Pairika, in Zoroastrian mythology, symbolises idolatry (uzdés-parastfh). The land of Kébul, till the Musulman invasion, belonged to the Indian civilisation and was mostly of Brahmanical and Buddhistic religion. The Pairika Khnathaiti will be destroyed at the end of the world by Saoshyafit, the unborn son of Zarathustra (when all false religions vanish before the true one; Vd. XIX, 5).—S4ma Keres4spa, the Garsh4sp of later tradition, is the type of impious hervism: he let himself be seduced to the Daéva-worship, and Zoroaster saw him punished in hell for his contempt of Zoroastrian observances. FARGARD I. 7 11 (37). The eighth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was Urva of the rich pastures}.
2FARGARD I. 7 11 (37). The eighth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was Urva of the rich pastures}. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created the sin of pride *. 12 (41). The ninth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was Khnezta which the Vehrk4nas ® inhabit. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created a sin for which there is no atonement, the unnatural sin 4. 13 (45). The tenth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the beautiful Harahvaiti 5. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created a sin for which there is no atonement, the burying of the dead *. 14 (49). The eleventh of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the bright, glorious Haétumant 7. 1 Urva, according to Gr. Bd. Méshan, that is to say Mesene (Meoqyn), the region of lower Euphrates, famous for its fertility (Herodotos I, 193): it was for four centuries (from about 150 B.C. tO 225 a.D.) the seat of a flourishing commercial state. ? <The people of Méshan are proud: there are no people worse than they’ (Gr. Bd.) * «Khnenta is a river in Vehrkfna (Hyrcania)’ (Comm.); consequently the river Gorg4n. * See Farg. VIII, 31-32. ® Harauvati; "Apaywoia; corrupted into Ar-rokhag (name of the country in the Arabic literature) and Arghand (in the modern name of the river Arghand-4b). * See Farg. III, 36 seq. 7 The basin of the ‘Ervpardpos or Erymanthus, now Hermend, Helmend, that is to say, the region of Saistan. 8 VEND{DAD. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created the evil work of witchcraft. 15 (53). And this is the sign by which it is known, this is that by which it is seen at once: wheresoever they may go and raise a cry of sorcery, there? the worst works of witchcraft go forth. From there they come to kill and strike at heart, and they bring locusts as many as they want? 16 (59). The twelfth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was Ragha® of the three races ‘¢, Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created the sin of utter unbelief. 17 (63). The thirteenth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the strong, holy Kakhra °, Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, 1 In Haétumaat.—‘ The plague created against Saist4n is abundance of witchcraft: and that character appears from this, that all people from that place practise astrology: those wizards produce. . . snow, hail, spiders, and locusts ’(Gr. Bd.) Saist4n, like KAbul, was half Indian (Magoudi, II, 79-82), and Brahmans and Buddhists have the credit of being proficient in the darker sciences. * This clause seems to be a quotation in the Pahlavi Commentary.
3. . snow, hail, spiders, and locusts ’(Gr. Bd.) Saist4n, like KAbul, was half Indian (Magoudi, II, 79-82), and Brahmans and Buddhists have the credit of being proficient in the darker sciences. * This clause seems to be a quotation in the Pahlavi Commentary. * Ragha, transcribed R4k and identified by the Commentary with Adarbaig&n and ‘according to some’ with Rai (the Greek ‘Payai in Media). There were apparently two Raghas, one in Atropatene, another in Media. ‘ «That means that the three classes, priests, warriors, and husbandmen, were well organised there’ (Comm. and Gr. Bd.) 5 «They doubt themselves and cause other people to doubt’ (Comm.) * There were two towns of that name (Xarkh), one in Khorasan, and the other in Ghaznin. FARGARD I. 9 and he counter-created a sin for which there is no atonement, the cooking of corpses '. 18 (67). The fourteenth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the four-cornered Varena 2, for which was born Thraétaona, who smote Azi Dah4dka. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created abnormal issues in women ® and barbarian oppression +. 19 (72). The fifteenth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the Seven Rivers °. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created abnormal issues in women and excessive heat. 20 (76). The sixteenth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the land by the sources (?) of the Rangha °, where people live who have no chiefs’. 1 «Cooking a corpse and eating it. They cook foxes and weasels and eat them’ (Gr. Bd.) See Farg. VIII, 73-74. * Varn, identified by the Comm. either with Patashkhvargar or with Dailam (that is to say Tabaristan or Gflan). The Gr. Bd. identifies it with Mount Dam4vand (which belongs to Patashkhv4rgar): this is the mountain where Asi Dahaka was bound with iron bonds by Thraétaona.—‘ Four-cornered:’ Tabaristin has rudely the shape of a quadrilateral. * Farg. XVI, 11 seq. * The aborigines of the Caspian littoral were Anarian savages, the so-called ‘Demons of MAzana.’ 5 Hapta hindava, the basin of the affluents of the Indus, the modem Pafigib (=the Five Rivers), formerly called Hind, by contradistinction to Sindh, the basin of the lower river. * « Arvastn-i-Rfm (Roman Mesopotamia)’ (Comm.), that is to say, the basin of the upper Tigris (Rangha= Arvand = Tigris). ™ «People who do not hold the chief for a chief’ (Comm.), which 10 VENDIDAD. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created Winter!, a work of the Daévas *. 21 (81). There are still other lands and countries °, beautiful and deep, longing and asking for the good, and bright. Farcarp II. Yima (Gamshéa). This Fargard may be divided into two parts.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1—Marv continued to be the resort of Turanian plunderers till the recent Russian annexation. * Bakhtri; Bderpa; Balkh. 5 «The corn-carrying ants’ (Asp.; cf. Farg. XIV, 5). * By contradistinction to other places of the same name. There was a Nisdya, in Media, where Darius put to death the Mage Gaumfta (Bahistfin I, 58). There was also a Nis& in Fars, another in Kirm4n, a third again on the way from Amol to Marv (Tabari, tr. Noeldeke, p. 101, 2), which may be the same as Nicata, the capital of Parthia (Map@aimoa ap. Isid. of Charax 12); cf. Pliny VI, 25 (29). One may therefore be tempted to translate, ‘ Nisdya between which and Bakhdhi Méuru lies ;’ but the text hardly admits of that construction, and we must suppose the existence of another Nis4ya on the way from Balkh to Marv. 6 VENDIDAD. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created the sin of unbelief}. 9 (29). The sixth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the housedeserting Haréyu ?. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created tears and wailing °. 10 (33). The seventh of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was Vaékereta *, of the evil shadows. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created the Pairika Knathaiti, who clave unto KeresAspa °, ’ There are people there ‘who doubt the existence of God’ (Comm.) * Haréyu, Old P. Haraiva (transcribed in Greek and Latin ’Apeta Aria instead of ‘Apefa Haria, by a confusion with the name of the Aryans); P. Haré (in Firdausi and in Haré-rid ; Hart is an Arabicised form.—‘ The house-deserting Haré: because there, when a man dies in a house, the people of the house leave it and go. We keep the ordinances for nine days or a month: they leave the house and absent themselves from it for nine days or a month’ (Gr. Bd.) Cf. Vd. V, 42. * <The tears and wailing for the dead,’ the voceros. The tears shed over a dead man grow to a river that prevents his crossing the Kinvat bridge (Saddar 96; Ard& Viraf XVI, 7, ro). 4 Vaékereta, an older name of Kébul (K4p@1: Comm. and Gr. Bd.) ; perhaps the Ptolemeian Baydpda in Paropanisus (Ptol. VI, 18). 5 The Pairika, in Zoroastrian mythology, symbolises idolatry (uzdés-parastfh). The land of Kébul, till the Musulman invasion, belonged to the Indian civilisation and was mostly of Brahmanical and Buddhistic religion. The Pairika Khnathaiti will be destroyed at the end of the world by Saoshyafit, the unborn son of Zarathustra (when all false religions vanish before the true one; Vd. XIX, 5).—S4ma Keres4spa, the Garsh4sp of later tradition, is the type of impious hervism: he let himself be seduced to the Daéva-worship, and Zoroaster saw him punished in hell for his contempt of Zoroastrian observances. FARGARD I. 7 11 (37). The eighth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was Urva of the rich pastures}.
2FARGARD I. 7 11 (37). The eighth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was Urva of the rich pastures}. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created the sin of pride *. 12 (41). The ninth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was Khnezta which the Vehrk4nas ® inhabit. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created a sin for which there is no atonement, the unnatural sin 4. 13 (45). The tenth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the beautiful Harahvaiti 5. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created a sin for which there is no atonement, the burying of the dead *. 14 (49). The eleventh of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the bright, glorious Haétumant 7. 1 Urva, according to Gr. Bd. Méshan, that is to say Mesene (Meoqyn), the region of lower Euphrates, famous for its fertility (Herodotos I, 193): it was for four centuries (from about 150 B.C. tO 225 a.D.) the seat of a flourishing commercial state. ? <The people of Méshan are proud: there are no people worse than they’ (Gr. Bd.) * «Khnenta is a river in Vehrkfna (Hyrcania)’ (Comm.); consequently the river Gorg4n. * See Farg. VIII, 31-32. ® Harauvati; "Apaywoia; corrupted into Ar-rokhag (name of the country in the Arabic literature) and Arghand (in the modern name of the river Arghand-4b). * See Farg. III, 36 seq. 7 The basin of the ‘Ervpardpos or Erymanthus, now Hermend, Helmend, that is to say, the region of Saistan. 8 VEND{DAD. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created the evil work of witchcraft. 15 (53). And this is the sign by which it is known, this is that by which it is seen at once: wheresoever they may go and raise a cry of sorcery, there? the worst works of witchcraft go forth. From there they come to kill and strike at heart, and they bring locusts as many as they want? 16 (59). The twelfth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was Ragha® of the three races ‘¢, Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created the sin of utter unbelief. 17 (63). The thirteenth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the strong, holy Kakhra °, Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, 1 In Haétumaat.—‘ The plague created against Saist4n is abundance of witchcraft: and that character appears from this, that all people from that place practise astrology: those wizards produce. . . snow, hail, spiders, and locusts ’(Gr. Bd.) Saist4n, like KAbul, was half Indian (Magoudi, II, 79-82), and Brahmans and Buddhists have the credit of being proficient in the darker sciences. * This clause seems to be a quotation in the Pahlavi Commentary.
3. . snow, hail, spiders, and locusts ’(Gr. Bd.) Saist4n, like KAbul, was half Indian (Magoudi, II, 79-82), and Brahmans and Buddhists have the credit of being proficient in the darker sciences. * This clause seems to be a quotation in the Pahlavi Commentary. * Ragha, transcribed R4k and identified by the Commentary with Adarbaig&n and ‘according to some’ with Rai (the Greek ‘Payai in Media). There were apparently two Raghas, one in Atropatene, another in Media. ‘ «That means that the three classes, priests, warriors, and husbandmen, were well organised there’ (Comm. and Gr. Bd.) 5 «They doubt themselves and cause other people to doubt’ (Comm.) * There were two towns of that name (Xarkh), one in Khorasan, and the other in Ghaznin. FARGARD I. 9 and he counter-created a sin for which there is no atonement, the cooking of corpses '. 18 (67). The fourteenth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the four-cornered Varena 2, for which was born Thraétaona, who smote Azi Dah4dka. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created abnormal issues in women ® and barbarian oppression +. 19 (72). The fifteenth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the Seven Rivers °. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created abnormal issues in women and excessive heat. 20 (76). The sixteenth of the good lands and countries which I, Ahura Mazda, created, was the land by the sources (?) of the Rangha °, where people live who have no chiefs’. 1 «Cooking a corpse and eating it. They cook foxes and weasels and eat them’ (Gr. Bd.) See Farg. VIII, 73-74. * Varn, identified by the Comm. either with Patashkhvargar or with Dailam (that is to say Tabaristan or Gflan). The Gr. Bd. identifies it with Mount Dam4vand (which belongs to Patashkhv4rgar): this is the mountain where Asi Dahaka was bound with iron bonds by Thraétaona.—‘ Four-cornered:’ Tabaristin has rudely the shape of a quadrilateral. * Farg. XVI, 11 seq. * The aborigines of the Caspian littoral were Anarian savages, the so-called ‘Demons of MAzana.’ 5 Hapta hindava, the basin of the affluents of the Indus, the modem Pafigib (=the Five Rivers), formerly called Hind, by contradistinction to Sindh, the basin of the lower river. * « Arvastn-i-Rfm (Roman Mesopotamia)’ (Comm.), that is to say, the basin of the upper Tigris (Rangha= Arvand = Tigris). ™ «People who do not hold the chief for a chief’ (Comm.), which 10 VENDIDAD. Thereupon came Angra Mainyu, who is all death, and he counter-created Winter!, a work of the Daévas *. 21 (81). There are still other lands and countries °, beautiful and deep, longing and asking for the good, and bright. Farcarp II. Yima (Gamshéa). This Fargard may be divided into two parts.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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