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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1If a bitch be near her time and be lying on the earth-wall', which is the worshipper of Mazda that shall support her ? 36 (102). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘He who erected the wall or whoso holds it, the care of supporting her is his; so long shall he support her, until the whelps be born. 37 (105). ‘If he shall not support her, so that the whelps come to grief, for want of proper support, he shall pay for it the penalty for wilful murder.’ 38 (108). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a bitch be near her time and be lying in the moat*, which is the worshipper of Mazda that shall support her ? 39 (110). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘He who dug the moat or whoso holds it, the care of supporting 1 The wall around the house. ® The moat before the earth-wall. FARGARD XV. 183 her is his; so long shall he support her, until the whelps be born. 40 (112). ‘If he shall not support her, so that the whelps come to grief, for want of proper support, he shall pay for it the penalty for wilful murder.’ 41 (113). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a bitch be near her time and be lying in the middle of a pasture-field, which is the worshipper of Mazda that shall support her ? 42 (115). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘He who sowed the pasture-field or whoso holds it, the care of supporting her is his; [so long shall he support her, until the whelps be born. If he shall not support her, so that the whelps come to grief, for want of proper support, he shall pay for it the penalty for wilful murder.] 43 (117). ‘He shall take her to rest upon a litter of nemévamta or of any foliage fit for a litter; so long shall he support her, until the young dogs are capable of self-defence and self-subsistence.’ 44 (122). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! When are the dogs capable of selfdefence and self-subsistence ? 45 (123). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘When they are able to run about in a circuit of twice seven houses around'. Then they may be let loose, whether it be winter or summer. ‘Young dogs ought to be supported for six months, children for seven years *. 1 Probably the distance of one yugyésti; cf. Farg. XIII, 17. * Catulos sex mensibus primis dum corroborentur emitti non oportet .. . (Columella, De re agraria, VII, 12). * The age when they are invested with the Kosti and Sadere, and become members of the Zoroastrian community. 184 VEND{DAD, ‘ Atar}, the son of Ahura Mazda, watches as well (over a pregnant bitch) as he does over a woman.’ IV. 46 (127). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If worshippers of Mazda want to have a bitch so covered that the offspring shall be one of a strong nature, what shall they do? 47 (129). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘They shall dig a hole in the earth, in the middle of the fold, half a foot deep if the earth be hard, half the height of a man if the earth be soft
247 (129). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘They shall dig a hole in the earth, in the middle of the fold, half a foot deep if the earth be hard, half the height of a man if the earth be soft 48 (131). ‘ They shall first tie up [the bitch] there, far from children-and from the Fire, the son of Ahura Mazda’, and they shall watch by her until a dog comes there from anywhere; then another egain, and then a third again’, each being kept apart from the former, lest they should assail one another. 49 (134). ‘The bitch being thus covered by ’ «When a woman becomes pregnant in a house, it is necessary to make an endeavour so that there may be a continual fire in that house, and to maintain a good watch over it. And, when the child becomes separate from the mother, it is necessary to burn a lamp for three nights and days—if they burn a fire it would be better—so that the demons and fiends may not be able to do any damage and harm; because, when a child is born, it is exceedingly delicate for those three days’ (Saddar XVI; West, Pahlavi Texts, III, 277). ? ¢From children, lest she shall bite them; from the fire, lest it shall hurt her’ (Comm.) * Cf. Justinus III, 4: maturiorem futuram conceptionem rati, si eam singulae per plures viros experirentur. “ The text of this and the following clause is corrupt, and the meaning is doubtful. FARGARD XVI. 185 three dogs, grows big with young, and the milk comes to her teats and she brings forth a young one that is born from several dogs.’ 50 (135). If a man smite a bitch who has been covered by three dogs, and who has already milk, and who shall bring forth a young one born from several dogs, what is the penalty that he shall pay ? 51 (137). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘Seven hundred stripes with the Aspahé-astra, seven hundred stripes with the Sraoshé-arana.’ Farcarp XVI. I (1-7). On the uncleanness of women during their sickness. II (8-12). What is to be done if that state lasts too long. III (13-18). Sundry laws relating to the same matter. See Introd. V, 12. I. 1. O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If there be in the house of a worshipper of Mazda a woman who has the whites or sees blood, what shall the worshippers of Mazda do? 2 (3). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ They shall clear the way ' of the wood there, both plants and trees?; they shall strew dry dust on the ground®; and they shall isolate a half, or a third, or a fourth, or a fifth ' The way to the Dasht4nist4n. * Lest the wood shall be touched and defiled by the woman on her way to the Dasht4nist4n. 5 Lest the earth shall be touched and defiled by her. Cf. Farg. IX, 11. 186 VENDIDAD. part of the house’, lest her look should fall upon the fire.’ 3 (9). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! How far from the fire? How far from the water? How far from the consecrated bundles of Baresma? How far from the faithful ?
3Cf. Farg. IX, 11. 186 VENDIDAD. part of the house’, lest her look should fall upon the fire.’ 3 (9). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! How far from the fire? How far from the water? How far from the consecrated bundles of Baresma? How far from the faithful ? 4 (10). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘Fifteen paces from the fire, fifteen paces from the water, fifteen paces from the consecrated bundles of Baresma, three paces from the faithful.’ 5 (11). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! How far from her shall he stay, who brings food to a woman who has the whites or sees the blood ? 6 (12). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘Three paces? from her shall he stay, who brings food to a woman who has the whites or sees the blood.’ In what kind of vessels shall he bring her bread ? In what kind of vessels shall he bring her barleydrink ? ‘In vessels of brass, or of lead, or of any common metal *’ 7 (15). How much bread shall he bring to her? How much barley-drink shall he bring ? ‘Two danares*‘ of dry bread, and one danare of liquor, lest she should get too weak‘. 1 Nowadays a room on the ground-floor is reserved for that use, * The food is held out to her from a distance in a metal spoon. % Earthen vessels, when defiled, cannot be made clean; but metal vessels can (see Farg. VII, 73 seq.) “A danare is, according to Anquetil, as much as four tolas; a tola is from 105 to 175 grains. 5 «Séshy6s says: For three nights cooked meat is not allowed to her, lest the issue shall grow stronger.’ FARGARD XVI. 187 ‘If a child has just touched her, they shall first wash his hands and then his body’. Il. 8 (21). ‘If she still see blood after three nights have passed, she shall sit in the place of infirmity until four nights have passed. ‘If she still see blood after four nights have passed, she shall sit in the place of infirmity until five nights have passed. 9. ‘If she still see blood after five nights have passed, she shall sit in the place of infirmity until six nights have passed. ‘If she still see blood after six nights have passed, she shall sit in the place of infirmity until seven nights have passed. 10. ‘If she still see blood after seven nights have passed, she shall sit in the place of infirmity until eight nights have passed. ‘If she still see blood after eight nights have passed, she shall sit in the place of infirmity until nine nights have passed. 11. ‘If she still see blood after nine nights have passed, this is a work of the Daévas which they have performed for the worship and glorification of the Daévas *, ' A child whom she suckles. The meaning is, Even a child, if he has touched her, must undergo the rites of cleansing. The general rule is given in the Commentary: ‘Whoever has touched a Dashtén woman must wash his body and his clothes with g6méz and water.’ The ceremony in question is the simple Ghosel, not the Barashn(im, since the woman herself performs the former only (see below, § 11 seq.)
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1If a bitch be near her time and be lying on the earth-wall', which is the worshipper of Mazda that shall support her ? 36 (102). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘He who erected the wall or whoso holds it, the care of supporting her is his; so long shall he support her, until the whelps be born. 37 (105). ‘If he shall not support her, so that the whelps come to grief, for want of proper support, he shall pay for it the penalty for wilful murder.’ 38 (108). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a bitch be near her time and be lying in the moat*, which is the worshipper of Mazda that shall support her ? 39 (110). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘He who dug the moat or whoso holds it, the care of supporting 1 The wall around the house. ® The moat before the earth-wall. FARGARD XV. 183 her is his; so long shall he support her, until the whelps be born. 40 (112). ‘If he shall not support her, so that the whelps come to grief, for want of proper support, he shall pay for it the penalty for wilful murder.’ 41 (113). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a bitch be near her time and be lying in the middle of a pasture-field, which is the worshipper of Mazda that shall support her ? 42 (115). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘He who sowed the pasture-field or whoso holds it, the care of supporting her is his; [so long shall he support her, until the whelps be born. If he shall not support her, so that the whelps come to grief, for want of proper support, he shall pay for it the penalty for wilful murder.] 43 (117). ‘He shall take her to rest upon a litter of nemévamta or of any foliage fit for a litter; so long shall he support her, until the young dogs are capable of self-defence and self-subsistence.’ 44 (122). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! When are the dogs capable of selfdefence and self-subsistence ? 45 (123). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘When they are able to run about in a circuit of twice seven houses around'. Then they may be let loose, whether it be winter or summer. ‘Young dogs ought to be supported for six months, children for seven years *. 1 Probably the distance of one yugyésti; cf. Farg. XIII, 17. * Catulos sex mensibus primis dum corroborentur emitti non oportet .. . (Columella, De re agraria, VII, 12). * The age when they are invested with the Kosti and Sadere, and become members of the Zoroastrian community. 184 VEND{DAD, ‘ Atar}, the son of Ahura Mazda, watches as well (over a pregnant bitch) as he does over a woman.’ IV. 46 (127). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If worshippers of Mazda want to have a bitch so covered that the offspring shall be one of a strong nature, what shall they do? 47 (129). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘They shall dig a hole in the earth, in the middle of the fold, half a foot deep if the earth be hard, half the height of a man if the earth be soft
247 (129). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘They shall dig a hole in the earth, in the middle of the fold, half a foot deep if the earth be hard, half the height of a man if the earth be soft 48 (131). ‘ They shall first tie up [the bitch] there, far from children-and from the Fire, the son of Ahura Mazda’, and they shall watch by her until a dog comes there from anywhere; then another egain, and then a third again’, each being kept apart from the former, lest they should assail one another. 49 (134). ‘The bitch being thus covered by ’ «When a woman becomes pregnant in a house, it is necessary to make an endeavour so that there may be a continual fire in that house, and to maintain a good watch over it. And, when the child becomes separate from the mother, it is necessary to burn a lamp for three nights and days—if they burn a fire it would be better—so that the demons and fiends may not be able to do any damage and harm; because, when a child is born, it is exceedingly delicate for those three days’ (Saddar XVI; West, Pahlavi Texts, III, 277). ? ¢From children, lest she shall bite them; from the fire, lest it shall hurt her’ (Comm.) * Cf. Justinus III, 4: maturiorem futuram conceptionem rati, si eam singulae per plures viros experirentur. “ The text of this and the following clause is corrupt, and the meaning is doubtful. FARGARD XVI. 185 three dogs, grows big with young, and the milk comes to her teats and she brings forth a young one that is born from several dogs.’ 50 (135). If a man smite a bitch who has been covered by three dogs, and who has already milk, and who shall bring forth a young one born from several dogs, what is the penalty that he shall pay ? 51 (137). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘Seven hundred stripes with the Aspahé-astra, seven hundred stripes with the Sraoshé-arana.’ Farcarp XVI. I (1-7). On the uncleanness of women during their sickness. II (8-12). What is to be done if that state lasts too long. III (13-18). Sundry laws relating to the same matter. See Introd. V, 12. I. 1. O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If there be in the house of a worshipper of Mazda a woman who has the whites or sees blood, what shall the worshippers of Mazda do? 2 (3). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ They shall clear the way ' of the wood there, both plants and trees?; they shall strew dry dust on the ground®; and they shall isolate a half, or a third, or a fourth, or a fifth ' The way to the Dasht4nist4n. * Lest the wood shall be touched and defiled by the woman on her way to the Dasht4nist4n. 5 Lest the earth shall be touched and defiled by her. Cf. Farg. IX, 11. 186 VENDIDAD. part of the house’, lest her look should fall upon the fire.’ 3 (9). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! How far from the fire? How far from the water? How far from the consecrated bundles of Baresma? How far from the faithful ?
3Cf. Farg. IX, 11. 186 VENDIDAD. part of the house’, lest her look should fall upon the fire.’ 3 (9). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! How far from the fire? How far from the water? How far from the consecrated bundles of Baresma? How far from the faithful ? 4 (10). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘Fifteen paces from the fire, fifteen paces from the water, fifteen paces from the consecrated bundles of Baresma, three paces from the faithful.’ 5 (11). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! How far from her shall he stay, who brings food to a woman who has the whites or sees the blood ? 6 (12). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘Three paces? from her shall he stay, who brings food to a woman who has the whites or sees the blood.’ In what kind of vessels shall he bring her bread ? In what kind of vessels shall he bring her barleydrink ? ‘In vessels of brass, or of lead, or of any common metal *’ 7 (15). How much bread shall he bring to her? How much barley-drink shall he bring ? ‘Two danares*‘ of dry bread, and one danare of liquor, lest she should get too weak‘. 1 Nowadays a room on the ground-floor is reserved for that use, * The food is held out to her from a distance in a metal spoon. % Earthen vessels, when defiled, cannot be made clean; but metal vessels can (see Farg. VII, 73 seq.) “A danare is, according to Anquetil, as much as four tolas; a tola is from 105 to 175 grains. 5 «Séshy6s says: For three nights cooked meat is not allowed to her, lest the issue shall grow stronger.’ FARGARD XVI. 187 ‘If a child has just touched her, they shall first wash his hands and then his body’. Il. 8 (21). ‘If she still see blood after three nights have passed, she shall sit in the place of infirmity until four nights have passed. ‘If she still see blood after four nights have passed, she shall sit in the place of infirmity until five nights have passed. 9. ‘If she still see blood after five nights have passed, she shall sit in the place of infirmity until six nights have passed. ‘If she still see blood after six nights have passed, she shall sit in the place of infirmity until seven nights have passed. 10. ‘If she still see blood after seven nights have passed, she shall sit in the place of infirmity until eight nights have passed. ‘If she still see blood after eight nights have passed, she shall sit in the place of infirmity until nine nights have passed. 11. ‘If she still see blood after nine nights have passed, this is a work of the Daévas which they have performed for the worship and glorification of the Daévas *, ' A child whom she suckles. The meaning is, Even a child, if he has touched her, must undergo the rites of cleansing. The general rule is given in the Commentary: ‘Whoever has touched a Dashtén woman must wash his body and his clothes with g6méz and water.’ The ceremony in question is the simple Ghosel, not the Barashn(im, since the woman herself performs the former only (see below, § 11 seq.)
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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