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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1168 VENDIDAD. IX. 49 (163). ‘If those two dogs of mine, the shepherd's dog and the house-dog, pass by any of my houses, let them never be kept away from it. ‘For no house could subsist on the earth made by Ahura, but for those two dogs of mine, the shepherd's dog and the house-dog'.’ X. 50 (166). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! When a dog dies, with marrow and seed? dried up, whereto does his ghost go? 51 (167). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘It passes to the spring of the waters *, O Spitama Zarathustra ! and there out of them two water-dogs are formed : out of every thousand dogs and every thousand shedogs, a couple is formed, a water-dog and a water she-dog *. 52 (170). ‘He who kills a water-dog brings about a drought that dries up pastures. ‘Until then, O Spitama Zarathustra! sweetness and 1 «But for the dog not a single head of cattle would remain in existence ’ (Saddar 31). * Marrow is the seat of life, the spine is ‘the column and the spring of life’ (Yt. X, 71); the sperm comes from it (Bundahis XVI). The same theory prevailed in India, where the sperm is called magg4-samudbhava, ‘what is born from marrow;’ it was followed by Plato (Timaeus 74, 91; cf. Censorinus, De die natali, 5), and disproved by Aristotle (De Part. Anim. III, 7). 5 To the spring of Ardvi Sfira, the goddess of waters. ‘ There is therefore in a single water-dog as much life and holiness as in a thousand dogs. This accounts for the following.— The water-dog (udra upapa; Persian sag-f4bf) is the otter. FARGARD XIV. 169 fatness would flow out from that land and from those fields, with health and healing, with fulness and increase and growth, and a growing of corn and grass.’ 53 (171). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! When are sweetness and fatness to come back again to that land and to those fields, with health and healing, with fulness and increase and growth, and a growing of corn and grass? 54,55 (172). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ Sweetness and fatness will never come back again to that land and to those fields, with health and healing, with fulness and increase and growth, and a growing of corn and grass, until the murderer of the water-dog has been smitten to death on the spot, and the holy soul of the dog has been offered up a sacrifice, for three days and three nights, with fire blazing, with Baresma tied up, and with Haoma prepared 1. 56 (174). [‘Then sweetness and fatness will come back again to that land and to those fields, with health and healing, with fulness and increase and growth, and a growing of corn and grass *.”} FAaRGARD XIV.
256 (174). [‘Then sweetness and fatness will come back again to that land and to those fields, with health and healing, with fulness and increase and growth, and a growing of corn and grass *.”} FAaRGARD XIV. This Fargard is nothing more than an appendix to the last clauses in the preceding Fargard (§ 50 seq.) How the murder of a water-dog (an otter) may be atoned for is described in it at full length. The extravagance of the penalties prescribed may well make it doubtful whether the legislation of the Vendidiéd had ever any substantial existence in practice. These exorbitant prescriptions see to be intended only to impress on the mind of the faithful the heinousness of the offence to be avoided. 1 See p. 136, n. 1. * Cf. Farg. IX, 53-57. 170 VEND{DAD. 1. Zarathustra asked Ahura Mazda: ‘O Ahura Mazda, most beneficent Spirit, Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! He who smites one of those water-dogs that are born one from a thousand dogs and a thousand she-dogs!, so that he gives up the ghost and the soul parts from the body, what is the penalty that he shall pay ?’ 2 (4). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘He shall pay ten thousand stripes with the Aspahé-astra, ten thousand stripes with the Sraoshé-4arana *. ‘He shall godly and piously bring unto the fire of Ahura Mazda® ten thousand loads of hard, well dried, well examined‘ wood, to redeem his own soul. 3 (6). ‘ He shall godly and piously bring unto the fire of Ahura Mazda ten thousand loads of soft wood, of Urv4sna, Vohf-gaona, Voht-kereti, Hadhanaépata °, or any sweet-scented plant, to redeem his own soul. 4 (7). ‘ He shall godly and piously tie ten thousand bundles of Baresma, to redeem his own soul. ' See preceding Fargard, § 51. ® He shall pay 50 tandfOhrs (= 15,000 istirs= 60,000 dirhems). ‘If he can afford it, he will atone in the manner stated in the Avesta; if he cannot afford it, it will be sufficient to perform a complete Izasné (sacrifice),’ (Comm.) 5 To the altar of the Bahr4m fire. ‘ It is forbidden to take any ill-smelling thing to the fire and to kindle it thereon; it is forbidden to kindle green wood, and even though the wood were hard and dry, one must examine it three times, lest there may be any hair or any unclean matter upon it’ (Gr. Rav.) Although the pious Arda Viraf had always taken the utmost care never to put on the fire any wood but such as was seven years old, yet, when he entered Paradise, Atar, the genius of fire, showed him reproachfully a large tank full of the water which that wood had exuded (see Arda Viraf X). 5 See above, p. 96, n. 1. FARGARD XIV. 17! ‘He shall offer up to the Good Waters ten thousand Zaothra libations with the Haoma and the milk, cleanly prepared and well strained, cleanly prepared and well strained by a pious man, and mixed with the roots of the tree known as Hadhé-naépata, to redeem his own soul.
396, n. 1. FARGARD XIV. 17! ‘He shall offer up to the Good Waters ten thousand Zaothra libations with the Haoma and the milk, cleanly prepared and well strained, cleanly prepared and well strained by a pious man, and mixed with the roots of the tree known as Hadhé-naépata, to redeem his own soul. 5 (9). ‘ He shall kill ten thousand snakes of those that go upon the belly. He shall kill ten thousand Kahrpus, who are snakes with the shape of a dog'. He shall kill ten thousand tertoises *. He shall kill ten thousand land-frogs®; he shall kill ten thousand waterfrogs. He shall kill ten thousand corn-carrying ants 4; *<«M4r banak snakes: they are dog-like, because they sit on their hindparts’(Comm.) The cat (gurba=Kahrpu) seems to be the animal intended. In a paraphrase of this passage in a Parsi Ravéet, the cat is numbered amongst the Khrafstras which it is enjoined to kill to redeem a sin (India Office Library, VIII, 13); cf. G. du Chinon, p. 462: ‘Les animaux que les Gaures ont en horreur sont les serpents, Ies couleuvres, les lezars, et autres de cette espece, les crapaux, les grenouiiles, les écrevisses, les rats et souris, et sur tout le chat.’ * Cf. Farg. XIII, 6-7. * ‘Those that can go out of water and live on the dry ground’ (Comm.) ‘Pour les grenoutlles et crapaux, ils disent que ce sont ceux (eux?) qui sont cause de ce que les hommes meurent, gatans les eaus od ils habitent continuellement, et que d’autant plus qu'il y en a dans le pays, d’autant plus les eaus causent-elles des maladies et enfin la mort,’ G. du Chinon, p. 465. * Herodotus already mentions the war waged by the Magi against snakes and ants (I, 140).—‘ Un jour que j’étois surpris de la guerre qu’ils font aux fourmis, ils me dirent que ces animaux ne faisaient que voler par des amas des grains plus quil n’étoit nécessaire pour leur nourriture, G. du Chinon, p. 464. Firdausi protested against the proscription: ‘Do no harm to the corncarrying ant; a living thing it is, and its life is dear to it’ The celebrated high-priest of the Parsis, the late Moola Firooz, entered those lines into his Pand Namah, which may betoken better “ays for the wise little creature. 172 VENDIDAD. he shall kill ten thousand ants of the small, venomous mischievous kind}. 6 (16). ‘ He shall kill ten thousand worms of those that live on dirt; he shall kill ten thousand raging flies *. ‘He shall fill up ten thousand holes for the unclean 8, ‘He shall godly and piously give to godly men ‘# twice the set of seven implements for the fire®, to redeem his own soul, namely :— 7 (20). ‘ The two answering implements for fire ®; a broom’; a pair of tongs; a pair of round bellows extended at the bottom, contracted at the top; a sharp-edged sharp-pointed* adze; a sharp-toothed sharp-pointed saw; by means of which the worshippers of Mazda procure wood for the fire of Ahura Mazda.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1168 VENDIDAD. IX. 49 (163). ‘If those two dogs of mine, the shepherd's dog and the house-dog, pass by any of my houses, let them never be kept away from it. ‘For no house could subsist on the earth made by Ahura, but for those two dogs of mine, the shepherd's dog and the house-dog'.’ X. 50 (166). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! When a dog dies, with marrow and seed? dried up, whereto does his ghost go? 51 (167). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘It passes to the spring of the waters *, O Spitama Zarathustra ! and there out of them two water-dogs are formed : out of every thousand dogs and every thousand shedogs, a couple is formed, a water-dog and a water she-dog *. 52 (170). ‘He who kills a water-dog brings about a drought that dries up pastures. ‘Until then, O Spitama Zarathustra! sweetness and 1 «But for the dog not a single head of cattle would remain in existence ’ (Saddar 31). * Marrow is the seat of life, the spine is ‘the column and the spring of life’ (Yt. X, 71); the sperm comes from it (Bundahis XVI). The same theory prevailed in India, where the sperm is called magg4-samudbhava, ‘what is born from marrow;’ it was followed by Plato (Timaeus 74, 91; cf. Censorinus, De die natali, 5), and disproved by Aristotle (De Part. Anim. III, 7). 5 To the spring of Ardvi Sfira, the goddess of waters. ‘ There is therefore in a single water-dog as much life and holiness as in a thousand dogs. This accounts for the following.— The water-dog (udra upapa; Persian sag-f4bf) is the otter. FARGARD XIV. 169 fatness would flow out from that land and from those fields, with health and healing, with fulness and increase and growth, and a growing of corn and grass.’ 53 (171). O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! When are sweetness and fatness to come back again to that land and to those fields, with health and healing, with fulness and increase and growth, and a growing of corn and grass? 54,55 (172). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ Sweetness and fatness will never come back again to that land and to those fields, with health and healing, with fulness and increase and growth, and a growing of corn and grass, until the murderer of the water-dog has been smitten to death on the spot, and the holy soul of the dog has been offered up a sacrifice, for three days and three nights, with fire blazing, with Baresma tied up, and with Haoma prepared 1. 56 (174). [‘Then sweetness and fatness will come back again to that land and to those fields, with health and healing, with fulness and increase and growth, and a growing of corn and grass *.”} FAaRGARD XIV.
256 (174). [‘Then sweetness and fatness will come back again to that land and to those fields, with health and healing, with fulness and increase and growth, and a growing of corn and grass *.”} FAaRGARD XIV. This Fargard is nothing more than an appendix to the last clauses in the preceding Fargard (§ 50 seq.) How the murder of a water-dog (an otter) may be atoned for is described in it at full length. The extravagance of the penalties prescribed may well make it doubtful whether the legislation of the Vendidiéd had ever any substantial existence in practice. These exorbitant prescriptions see to be intended only to impress on the mind of the faithful the heinousness of the offence to be avoided. 1 See p. 136, n. 1. * Cf. Farg. IX, 53-57. 170 VEND{DAD. 1. Zarathustra asked Ahura Mazda: ‘O Ahura Mazda, most beneficent Spirit, Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! He who smites one of those water-dogs that are born one from a thousand dogs and a thousand she-dogs!, so that he gives up the ghost and the soul parts from the body, what is the penalty that he shall pay ?’ 2 (4). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘He shall pay ten thousand stripes with the Aspahé-astra, ten thousand stripes with the Sraoshé-4arana *. ‘He shall godly and piously bring unto the fire of Ahura Mazda® ten thousand loads of hard, well dried, well examined‘ wood, to redeem his own soul. 3 (6). ‘ He shall godly and piously bring unto the fire of Ahura Mazda ten thousand loads of soft wood, of Urv4sna, Vohf-gaona, Voht-kereti, Hadhanaépata °, or any sweet-scented plant, to redeem his own soul. 4 (7). ‘ He shall godly and piously tie ten thousand bundles of Baresma, to redeem his own soul. ' See preceding Fargard, § 51. ® He shall pay 50 tandfOhrs (= 15,000 istirs= 60,000 dirhems). ‘If he can afford it, he will atone in the manner stated in the Avesta; if he cannot afford it, it will be sufficient to perform a complete Izasné (sacrifice),’ (Comm.) 5 To the altar of the Bahr4m fire. ‘ It is forbidden to take any ill-smelling thing to the fire and to kindle it thereon; it is forbidden to kindle green wood, and even though the wood were hard and dry, one must examine it three times, lest there may be any hair or any unclean matter upon it’ (Gr. Rav.) Although the pious Arda Viraf had always taken the utmost care never to put on the fire any wood but such as was seven years old, yet, when he entered Paradise, Atar, the genius of fire, showed him reproachfully a large tank full of the water which that wood had exuded (see Arda Viraf X). 5 See above, p. 96, n. 1. FARGARD XIV. 17! ‘He shall offer up to the Good Waters ten thousand Zaothra libations with the Haoma and the milk, cleanly prepared and well strained, cleanly prepared and well strained by a pious man, and mixed with the roots of the tree known as Hadhé-naépata, to redeem his own soul.
396, n. 1. FARGARD XIV. 17! ‘He shall offer up to the Good Waters ten thousand Zaothra libations with the Haoma and the milk, cleanly prepared and well strained, cleanly prepared and well strained by a pious man, and mixed with the roots of the tree known as Hadhé-naépata, to redeem his own soul. 5 (9). ‘ He shall kill ten thousand snakes of those that go upon the belly. He shall kill ten thousand Kahrpus, who are snakes with the shape of a dog'. He shall kill ten thousand tertoises *. He shall kill ten thousand land-frogs®; he shall kill ten thousand waterfrogs. He shall kill ten thousand corn-carrying ants 4; *<«M4r banak snakes: they are dog-like, because they sit on their hindparts’(Comm.) The cat (gurba=Kahrpu) seems to be the animal intended. In a paraphrase of this passage in a Parsi Ravéet, the cat is numbered amongst the Khrafstras which it is enjoined to kill to redeem a sin (India Office Library, VIII, 13); cf. G. du Chinon, p. 462: ‘Les animaux que les Gaures ont en horreur sont les serpents, Ies couleuvres, les lezars, et autres de cette espece, les crapaux, les grenouiiles, les écrevisses, les rats et souris, et sur tout le chat.’ * Cf. Farg. XIII, 6-7. * ‘Those that can go out of water and live on the dry ground’ (Comm.) ‘Pour les grenoutlles et crapaux, ils disent que ce sont ceux (eux?) qui sont cause de ce que les hommes meurent, gatans les eaus od ils habitent continuellement, et que d’autant plus qu'il y en a dans le pays, d’autant plus les eaus causent-elles des maladies et enfin la mort,’ G. du Chinon, p. 465. * Herodotus already mentions the war waged by the Magi against snakes and ants (I, 140).—‘ Un jour que j’étois surpris de la guerre qu’ils font aux fourmis, ils me dirent que ces animaux ne faisaient que voler par des amas des grains plus quil n’étoit nécessaire pour leur nourriture, G. du Chinon, p. 464. Firdausi protested against the proscription: ‘Do no harm to the corncarrying ant; a living thing it is, and its life is dear to it’ The celebrated high-priest of the Parsis, the late Moola Firooz, entered those lines into his Pand Namah, which may betoken better “ays for the wise little creature. 172 VENDIDAD. he shall kill ten thousand ants of the small, venomous mischievous kind}. 6 (16). ‘ He shall kill ten thousand worms of those that live on dirt; he shall kill ten thousand raging flies *. ‘He shall fill up ten thousand holes for the unclean 8, ‘He shall godly and piously give to godly men ‘# twice the set of seven implements for the fire®, to redeem his own soul, namely :— 7 (20). ‘ The two answering implements for fire ®; a broom’; a pair of tongs; a pair of round bellows extended at the bottom, contracted at the top; a sharp-edged sharp-pointed* adze; a sharp-toothed sharp-pointed saw; by means of which the worshippers of Mazda procure wood for the fire of Ahura Mazda.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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