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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
14. The Nepalese MS. and the commentaries insert the following paragraph here: *‘ When an insult has occurred between two men engaged in a violent quarrel, he who suffers the insult patiently is struck, but the offender is punishable.’ 8-10. The one who has first commenced a quarrel shall receive the heavier punishment of the two. That man is liable to punishment who persists in hostility. When it is impossible to ascertain any XV, XVI, 13. ABUSE AND ASSAULT. 209 *to. When both parties are implicated equally, he of the two shall receive punishment who follows up his attack, whether he was (originally) the aggressor or the defendant. *11. If a Svapaka, Meda, KamdAla, cripple, one who gains his substance by killing (animals), an elephant-driver, one deprived of his caste for nonperformance of the ceremony of initiation, a slave, or one who treats a Guru or spiritual teacher with disregard, *12. Should offend a superior, he shall be punished by whipping him on the spot. Nor do the sages regard bodily injury done to a man of this stamp as (an offence equal to) theft. *13. Should any such low person, abhorred by men, insult another man (his superior), that man himself shall punish him. The king has nothing to do with the penalty (to be inflicted on him). *14. For these people are the refuse of human. society, and their property is (likewise) impure. The king also is at liberty to whip them, but he must not amerce them with a fine. 15. A Kshatriya who reviles a Brahman must difference in the culpability of the two parties, their punishment shall be equal. Viramitrodaya, p. 472. Read pfirvam. 11. Svap4ka, literally ‘ dog-cooking,’ is the name of a particular degraded tribe, whose only office is to act as public executioners. Meda is the name of another mixed caste. andalas are the lowest caste of all, see XII, 113. The Nepalese MS. and the commentaries read shandha, ‘a eunuch,’ instead of Meda. 12-14. When a Svapaka or the like should have insulted an Arya or member of the three higher castes, honourable men shall be entitled to punish them in person. When the (honourable men) are unable to do so, the king shall punish them; but he must not confiscate their property. Viramitrodaya, p. 472. 15-17. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 267= ~ (33) PLO PRAY (UNIVERSITY SALIFORNEZ 210 NARADA. XV, XVI, 16. pay one hundred (Pamas) as a fine. A Vaisya (must pay) one and a half hundred, or two hundred. A Sadra deserves corporal punishment. 16. A Brahman shall be fined fifty (Pazas) for calumniating a Kshatriya; in the case of a Vaisya, the fine shall be half of fifty (i.e. twenty-five) ; in the case of a Sidra, (it shall amount to) twelve (Pamas). 17. When a twice-born man offends against a member of his own caste, (he shall pay) twelve (Pazas as a fine). When he utters calumnies which ought never to be uttered, the fine shall be twice as high.
2twenty-five) ; in the case of a Sidra, (it shall amount to) twelve (Pamas). 17. When a twice-born man offends against a member of his own caste, (he shall pay) twelve (Pazas as a fine). When he utters calumnies which ought never to be uttered, the fine shall be twice as high. 18, Even he who in accordance with fact (contemptuously) calls another man one-eyed, lame, or the like (names), shall be fined by the king not less than one K4rshapama. 19. One must not tax with his offence a man who has done penance according to law, or who has received due punishment from the king. By transgressing this rule one becomes liable to punishment. 20. Two persons, a Brahman and a king, are declared to be exempt from censure and corporal punishment in this world; for these two sustain the visible world. *o1. One who calls an outcast an outcast, or a thief a thief, is equally criminal with those whom he taxes (with their offence). (If he reproaches them) without reason, he is twice as guilty as they are. . 17. According to the commentators of Manu, the term ‘ calumnies which ought never to be uttered’ has to be referred to insinuations against the honour of a man’s mother, sisters, or other female relatives. See Professor Buhler’s note on Manu VIII, 269. 18, Manu VIII, 274; Y4gviavalkya II, 204. XV, XVI, 29. ABUSE AND ASSAULT. 2II 22. A once-born man (or Sfdra), who insults members of a twice-born caste with gross invectives, shall have his tongue cut out; for he is of low origin. 23. If he refers to their name or caste in terms indicating contempt, an iron rod, ten Angulas long, shall be thrust red-hot into his mouth. 24. If he is insolent enough to give lessons regarding their duty to Brahmans, the king shall order hot oil to be poured into his mouth and ears. *25. With whatever limb a man of low caste offends against a Brahman, that very limb of his shall be cut off; such shall be the atonement for his crime. . 26. A low-born man, who tries to place himself on the same seat with his superior in caste, shall be branded on his hip and banished, or (the king) shall cause his backside to be gashed. 27. If through arrogance he spits (on a superior), the king shall cause both his lips to be cut off; if he makes water (on him), the penis; if he breaks wind (against him), the buttocks. 28. If he pulls (a superior) by the hair, (the king) shall unhesitatingly cause his hands to be cut off, likewise (if he seizes him) by the feet, beard, neck, or scrotum. 29. If a man breaks the skin (of his equal) or 22. ‘ He is of loworigin,’ because the Sadra caste has been produced from Brahman’s feet. Identical with Manu VIII, 270. 23. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 271. 24. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 272. 25. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 279. 26, 27. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 281, 282. In paragraph 27 the Nepalese MS. has ‘the nose’ instead of ‘the beard.’ 28. Identical with Manu VIII, 283.
323. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 271. 24. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 272. 25. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 279. 26, 27. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 281, 282. In paragraph 27 the Nepalese MS. has ‘the nose’ instead of ‘the beard.’ 28. Identical with Manu VIII, 283. 39. According to the majority of the commentators of Manu, P2 212 NARADA. XV, XVI, 30. fetches blood (from him), he shall be fined a hundred (Pamas); if he cuts the flesh, six Nishkas; if he breaks a bone, he shall be banished. *30, If a man censures a king devoted to the discharge of his duties, he shall have his tongue cut out or his entire property confiscated, as an atonement for such crime. * 31, When an evil-minded man assails a wicked king even, he shall be (fastened) on a stake and burnt in fire; (for he is) more criminal than one who has committed a hundred times the crime of killing a Brahman. * 32. A father is not liable to be punished for an offence committed by his son; nor is the owner of a horse, dog, or monkey (responsible for any damage caused by one of these animals), unless he should have set them to do it. SEVENTEENTH TITLE OF LAW. GAMES. *1. Dishonest gambling with dice, small slices of leather, little staves of ivory, or other (games), and betting on birds, form (the subject of) a title of law called (Gambling with Dice and Betting on Animals). *2, The master of the gaming-house shall arrange this rule has reference to an equal in caste. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 284. XVII, 1. The translation is according to the Viramitrodaya. The subject of bets on animals is treated at great length in the Dhammathats of Burma, which are based on the law-codes of India. ‘Other games,’ such as e.g. Katuranga (Shatra#g, the Indian chess). ‘Birds,’ such as pigeons, also bets on professional wrestlers, rams, &c. Viramitrodaya, p. 718. Manu IX, 223. 2. ‘He shall pay the stakes which have been won,’ i.e. to the XVII, 8. ABUSE ; GAMBLING. 213 the game and pay the stakes which have been won ; the profit of such a conductor of games shall amount to ten per cent. 3. When the dice on being thrown fall twice in a game at dice, those acquainted with (playing at) dice allot the victory to the adversary and the defeat to the gambler. 4. When a dispute has arisen among gamblers, let (other) gamblers be appealed to; they shall act both as judges and as witnesses in a dispute of this sort. 5. No gambler shall ever enter into another gaming-house before having paid his debt; he must not disobey the master of the gaming-house, and must pay of his own accord what he owes to him. *6. Wicked men who play with false dice shall be driven out of the gaming-house, after a wreath of dice has been hung round their necks; for that is the punishment ordained for them. 7. If a man gambles with dice, without authorization from the king, he shall not get his stake, and shall have to pay a fine. *8. Or let the gamblers pay to the king the share
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
14. The Nepalese MS. and the commentaries insert the following paragraph here: *‘ When an insult has occurred between two men engaged in a violent quarrel, he who suffers the insult patiently is struck, but the offender is punishable.’ 8-10. The one who has first commenced a quarrel shall receive the heavier punishment of the two. That man is liable to punishment who persists in hostility. When it is impossible to ascertain any XV, XVI, 13. ABUSE AND ASSAULT. 209 *to. When both parties are implicated equally, he of the two shall receive punishment who follows up his attack, whether he was (originally) the aggressor or the defendant. *11. If a Svapaka, Meda, KamdAla, cripple, one who gains his substance by killing (animals), an elephant-driver, one deprived of his caste for nonperformance of the ceremony of initiation, a slave, or one who treats a Guru or spiritual teacher with disregard, *12. Should offend a superior, he shall be punished by whipping him on the spot. Nor do the sages regard bodily injury done to a man of this stamp as (an offence equal to) theft. *13. Should any such low person, abhorred by men, insult another man (his superior), that man himself shall punish him. The king has nothing to do with the penalty (to be inflicted on him). *14. For these people are the refuse of human. society, and their property is (likewise) impure. The king also is at liberty to whip them, but he must not amerce them with a fine. 15. A Kshatriya who reviles a Brahman must difference in the culpability of the two parties, their punishment shall be equal. Viramitrodaya, p. 472. Read pfirvam. 11. Svap4ka, literally ‘ dog-cooking,’ is the name of a particular degraded tribe, whose only office is to act as public executioners. Meda is the name of another mixed caste. andalas are the lowest caste of all, see XII, 113. The Nepalese MS. and the commentaries read shandha, ‘a eunuch,’ instead of Meda. 12-14. When a Svapaka or the like should have insulted an Arya or member of the three higher castes, honourable men shall be entitled to punish them in person. When the (honourable men) are unable to do so, the king shall punish them; but he must not confiscate their property. Viramitrodaya, p. 472. 15-17. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 267= ~ (33) PLO PRAY (UNIVERSITY SALIFORNEZ 210 NARADA. XV, XVI, 16. pay one hundred (Pamas) as a fine. A Vaisya (must pay) one and a half hundred, or two hundred. A Sadra deserves corporal punishment. 16. A Brahman shall be fined fifty (Pazas) for calumniating a Kshatriya; in the case of a Vaisya, the fine shall be half of fifty (i.e. twenty-five) ; in the case of a Sidra, (it shall amount to) twelve (Pamas). 17. When a twice-born man offends against a member of his own caste, (he shall pay) twelve (Pazas as a fine). When he utters calumnies which ought never to be uttered, the fine shall be twice as high.
2twenty-five) ; in the case of a Sidra, (it shall amount to) twelve (Pamas). 17. When a twice-born man offends against a member of his own caste, (he shall pay) twelve (Pazas as a fine). When he utters calumnies which ought never to be uttered, the fine shall be twice as high. 18, Even he who in accordance with fact (contemptuously) calls another man one-eyed, lame, or the like (names), shall be fined by the king not less than one K4rshapama. 19. One must not tax with his offence a man who has done penance according to law, or who has received due punishment from the king. By transgressing this rule one becomes liable to punishment. 20. Two persons, a Brahman and a king, are declared to be exempt from censure and corporal punishment in this world; for these two sustain the visible world. *o1. One who calls an outcast an outcast, or a thief a thief, is equally criminal with those whom he taxes (with their offence). (If he reproaches them) without reason, he is twice as guilty as they are. . 17. According to the commentators of Manu, the term ‘ calumnies which ought never to be uttered’ has to be referred to insinuations against the honour of a man’s mother, sisters, or other female relatives. See Professor Buhler’s note on Manu VIII, 269. 18, Manu VIII, 274; Y4gviavalkya II, 204. XV, XVI, 29. ABUSE AND ASSAULT. 2II 22. A once-born man (or Sfdra), who insults members of a twice-born caste with gross invectives, shall have his tongue cut out; for he is of low origin. 23. If he refers to their name or caste in terms indicating contempt, an iron rod, ten Angulas long, shall be thrust red-hot into his mouth. 24. If he is insolent enough to give lessons regarding their duty to Brahmans, the king shall order hot oil to be poured into his mouth and ears. *25. With whatever limb a man of low caste offends against a Brahman, that very limb of his shall be cut off; such shall be the atonement for his crime. . 26. A low-born man, who tries to place himself on the same seat with his superior in caste, shall be branded on his hip and banished, or (the king) shall cause his backside to be gashed. 27. If through arrogance he spits (on a superior), the king shall cause both his lips to be cut off; if he makes water (on him), the penis; if he breaks wind (against him), the buttocks. 28. If he pulls (a superior) by the hair, (the king) shall unhesitatingly cause his hands to be cut off, likewise (if he seizes him) by the feet, beard, neck, or scrotum. 29. If a man breaks the skin (of his equal) or 22. ‘ He is of loworigin,’ because the Sadra caste has been produced from Brahman’s feet. Identical with Manu VIII, 270. 23. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 271. 24. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 272. 25. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 279. 26, 27. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 281, 282. In paragraph 27 the Nepalese MS. has ‘the nose’ instead of ‘the beard.’ 28. Identical with Manu VIII, 283.
323. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 271. 24. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 272. 25. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 279. 26, 27. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 281, 282. In paragraph 27 the Nepalese MS. has ‘the nose’ instead of ‘the beard.’ 28. Identical with Manu VIII, 283. 39. According to the majority of the commentators of Manu, P2 212 NARADA. XV, XVI, 30. fetches blood (from him), he shall be fined a hundred (Pamas); if he cuts the flesh, six Nishkas; if he breaks a bone, he shall be banished. *30, If a man censures a king devoted to the discharge of his duties, he shall have his tongue cut out or his entire property confiscated, as an atonement for such crime. * 31, When an evil-minded man assails a wicked king even, he shall be (fastened) on a stake and burnt in fire; (for he is) more criminal than one who has committed a hundred times the crime of killing a Brahman. * 32. A father is not liable to be punished for an offence committed by his son; nor is the owner of a horse, dog, or monkey (responsible for any damage caused by one of these animals), unless he should have set them to do it. SEVENTEENTH TITLE OF LAW. GAMES. *1. Dishonest gambling with dice, small slices of leather, little staves of ivory, or other (games), and betting on birds, form (the subject of) a title of law called (Gambling with Dice and Betting on Animals). *2, The master of the gaming-house shall arrange this rule has reference to an equal in caste. Nearly identical with Manu VIII, 284. XVII, 1. The translation is according to the Viramitrodaya. The subject of bets on animals is treated at great length in the Dhammathats of Burma, which are based on the law-codes of India. ‘Other games,’ such as e.g. Katuranga (Shatra#g, the Indian chess). ‘Birds,’ such as pigeons, also bets on professional wrestlers, rams, &c. Viramitrodaya, p. 718. Manu IX, 223. 2. ‘He shall pay the stakes which have been won,’ i.e. to the XVII, 8. ABUSE ; GAMBLING. 213 the game and pay the stakes which have been won ; the profit of such a conductor of games shall amount to ten per cent. 3. When the dice on being thrown fall twice in a game at dice, those acquainted with (playing at) dice allot the victory to the adversary and the defeat to the gambler. 4. When a dispute has arisen among gamblers, let (other) gamblers be appealed to; they shall act both as judges and as witnesses in a dispute of this sort. 5. No gambler shall ever enter into another gaming-house before having paid his debt; he must not disobey the master of the gaming-house, and must pay of his own accord what he owes to him. *6. Wicked men who play with false dice shall be driven out of the gaming-house, after a wreath of dice has been hung round their necks; for that is the punishment ordained for them. 7. If a man gambles with dice, without authorization from the king, he shall not get his stake, and shall have to pay a fine. *8. Or let the gamblers pay to the king the share
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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