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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1The term ‘sweeping’ has to be construed with all four nouns, the gateway and the rest. ‘The privy,’ i.e. a hole or other receptacle of impure substances. ‘The place for rubbish,’ i.e. a place where the dust and other sweepings from the house are deposited. Viframitrodaya. K 2 132 NARADA. Vv, 7. and the place for rubbish; shampooing the secret parts of the body; gathering and putting away the leavings of food, ordure, and urine, *7. And lastly, rubbing the master’s limbs when desired ; this should be regarded as impure work. All other work besides this is pure. * 8. Till he has mastered science, let a student attend diligently on his teacher. The same conduct has to be observed by him towards his teacher's wife and son. *9. Let him preserve chastity and beg alms, lying on a low couch and using no ornaments. Let him go to rest after and rise before all (others who are staying at) his teacher's house. * 10, Let him never come or stay without his teacher’s bidding. His (teacher’s) call he must obey without hesitation, when he is able to do so. 11. Let him read at the proper time, when his teacher is not averse to it, sitting on a lower seat than his teacher, by his side, or on a bench, and paying attention (to what he says). 12. Science, like the current of a stream, is constantly advancing towards the plain. Therefore, let one studying science be humble towards his teacher. *13. His teacher shall correct him, if he does not 8. He must obey his teacher’s wife and son, as much as the teacher himself. A. 8-11. Vishzu XXVIII, and the references in the Notes to that Chapter. 9-15. Rules of conduct for a student. A. 12. ‘The current of a stream,’ meaning a river, advances into the plain, and so does science. Therefore one engaged in studying it should always be lowly and humble. A. * 13-14. Gautama II, 42-44; Apastamba I, 28, 29, 31; Manu VIII, 299, 300. V, 18. CONTRACTS OF SERVICE. 133 pay obedience to him, scolding him or chastising him with a rope or with a small shoot of cane. 14. (The teacher) must not strike him a heavy blow, nor (must he beat him) on a noble part or on the chest; and he must encourage him, after having chastised him. Otherwise the king shall punish him. *15. After having completed his studies, let him give the customary present to his teacher and turn home. The conduct of a pupil has been declared. *16. If (a young man) wishes to be initiated into the art of his own craft, with the sanction of his relations, he must go and live with a master, the duration of his apprenticeship having been fixed. *17, The master shall teach him at his own house and feed him. He must not employ him in work of a different description, and treat him like a son. *18. If one forsakes a master, who instructs him 13. Scolding him, i.e. abusing him. A. The Nepalese MS. has a better reading of this clause: ‘Or he shall beat him without hurting him, with’ &c.
2He must not employ him in work of a different description, and treat him like a son. *18. If one forsakes a master, who instructs him 13. Scolding him, i.e. abusing him. A. The Nepalese MS. has a better reading of this clause: ‘Or he shall beat him without hurting him, with’ &c. 14. A teacher, though angry, must not strike his pupil severely, nor on a noble part, nor on the chest. After having beaten him, he must again encourage him. If the teacher, actuated by an excess of anger, beats him too severely, the pupil shall announce it to the king, who shall punish the teacher. A. 15. Manu II, 245; Yagnavalkya I, 51; Apastamba I, 11, 30,1; Gautama IX, 1; Vishau XXVIII, 42. 16-21. Rules for an apprentice. A. 16. The teacher must make an agreement in this form, ‘ Let this apprentice stay with me so and so long.’ Viramitrodaya. 17. The teacher shall cause the pupil to do the work peculiar to his own profession, and no other work, and shall feed him and instruct him at his own house. He shall treat him like a son, and not like a labourer. A. 18. If a pupil forsakes his teacher, though the latter has not committed a mortal sin or other heavy crime, the teacher may compel him by forcible means to remain at his house. A. 134 NARADA, V, 19. and whose character is unexceptionable, he may be compelled by forcible means to remain (at the master’s house), and he deserves corporal punishment and confinement. *19. Though his course of instruction be completed, an apprentice must continue to reside at the house of his master, till the fixed period has expired. The profit of whatever work he may be doing there belongs to his master. *20. When he has learnt the art of his craft within the (stipulated) period, the apprentice shall reward his master as plentifully as he can, and return home, after having taken leave of him. 21. Or, a certain fee having been agreed upon and the skill of the pupil examined, the apprentice shall take (his fee) and shall not go to live in the house of another man. *22. Hired servants are of three kinds: highest, middlemost, and lowest. The wages due for their labour are fixed in proportion to their skill and to the value of their services. *23. Soldiers constitute the highest class, agriculturists the middle class, and porters the lowest class. These are the three classes of hired servants. 19. The whole gain of that work which is done by the apprentice while staying at the house of his master after completing his course of instruction, belongs to the master, and not to the apprentice. A. Yagfavalkya II, 184. 20. After the lapse of the stipulated period, i.e. when the time fixed for his apprenticeship has expired. A.
3A. Yagfavalkya II, 184. 20. After the lapse of the stipulated period, i.e. when the time fixed for his apprenticeship has expired. A. 21. The apprentice shall receive whatever fee has been agreed upon, after his skill has been examined by the master. A. The only MS. of the earlier recension of the Narada-smreti breaks off at this paragraph. The remainder of the present translation has been done from the more recerit recension of the Narada-smriti. See Introduction. V, 26. CONTRACTS OF SERVICE. 135 *24. One appointed to manage the property (of the family) and to superintend the household, must also be regarded as a labourer. He is also termed Kaufumbika (the general family servant). *25. Thus have the four classes of servants doing pure work been enumerated. All the others do dirty work and are slaves, of whom there are fifteen kinds. *26. One born at (his master’s) house; one pur- 24. ‘The property,’ meaning fields or ready money, &c. ‘One appointed to manage it,’ i.e. one deputed to administrate it. Viramitrodaya, p. 405. 26-28. ‘One born at (his master’s) house,’ one born of a female slave in the house (of her master). ‘One received (by gift),’ one obtained by the acceptance of a gift and the like. ‘One obtained by inheritance,’ a slave of the father or other ancestor. ‘One maintained during a general famine,’ one whose life has been preserved, during a period of dearth, in order that he might do service (for his preserver). ‘One pledged by his rightful owner,’ one reduced to the condition of a pledge, for a loan received (by his master). ‘One released from a heavy debt,’ one enslaved for debt, whose debt has been paid and who has thereby become the slave (of him who paid the debt). ‘One made captive in a fight,’ one defeated in a combat and enslaved by the victorious party. ‘One won through a wager,’ one gained through the success of a cause, which was preceded by an agreement in this form, ‘If I am defeated in this quarrel, I will be thy slave.” ‘One who has come forward declaring, “I am thine,”’ one who has promised of his own accord to become the slave of another man. ‘An apostate from asceticism,’ one who has forsaken the order of religious ascetics. ‘One enslaved for a stipulated period,’ one obtained through an agreement in this form, ‘I will be thy slave for such a space of time.’ ‘One who has become a slave in order to get a maintenance,’ one who has offered himself as a slave, on condition that food shall always be given to him. ‘ One enslaved on account of his connexion with a female slave:’ by a female slave is meant a female house-slave ; one enslaved for connexion with her is one who has married her through love, and has thus been reduced to the status of a slave. ‘One self-sold’ is one who has sold himself. 136 NARADA. V, 27. chased; one received (by gift); one obtained by inheritance; one maintained during a general famine; one pledged by his rightful owner ;
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1The term ‘sweeping’ has to be construed with all four nouns, the gateway and the rest. ‘The privy,’ i.e. a hole or other receptacle of impure substances. ‘The place for rubbish,’ i.e. a place where the dust and other sweepings from the house are deposited. Viframitrodaya. K 2 132 NARADA. Vv, 7. and the place for rubbish; shampooing the secret parts of the body; gathering and putting away the leavings of food, ordure, and urine, *7. And lastly, rubbing the master’s limbs when desired ; this should be regarded as impure work. All other work besides this is pure. * 8. Till he has mastered science, let a student attend diligently on his teacher. The same conduct has to be observed by him towards his teacher's wife and son. *9. Let him preserve chastity and beg alms, lying on a low couch and using no ornaments. Let him go to rest after and rise before all (others who are staying at) his teacher's house. * 10, Let him never come or stay without his teacher’s bidding. His (teacher’s) call he must obey without hesitation, when he is able to do so. 11. Let him read at the proper time, when his teacher is not averse to it, sitting on a lower seat than his teacher, by his side, or on a bench, and paying attention (to what he says). 12. Science, like the current of a stream, is constantly advancing towards the plain. Therefore, let one studying science be humble towards his teacher. *13. His teacher shall correct him, if he does not 8. He must obey his teacher’s wife and son, as much as the teacher himself. A. 8-11. Vishzu XXVIII, and the references in the Notes to that Chapter. 9-15. Rules of conduct for a student. A. 12. ‘The current of a stream,’ meaning a river, advances into the plain, and so does science. Therefore one engaged in studying it should always be lowly and humble. A. * 13-14. Gautama II, 42-44; Apastamba I, 28, 29, 31; Manu VIII, 299, 300. V, 18. CONTRACTS OF SERVICE. 133 pay obedience to him, scolding him or chastising him with a rope or with a small shoot of cane. 14. (The teacher) must not strike him a heavy blow, nor (must he beat him) on a noble part or on the chest; and he must encourage him, after having chastised him. Otherwise the king shall punish him. *15. After having completed his studies, let him give the customary present to his teacher and turn home. The conduct of a pupil has been declared. *16. If (a young man) wishes to be initiated into the art of his own craft, with the sanction of his relations, he must go and live with a master, the duration of his apprenticeship having been fixed. *17, The master shall teach him at his own house and feed him. He must not employ him in work of a different description, and treat him like a son. *18. If one forsakes a master, who instructs him 13. Scolding him, i.e. abusing him. A. The Nepalese MS. has a better reading of this clause: ‘Or he shall beat him without hurting him, with’ &c.
2He must not employ him in work of a different description, and treat him like a son. *18. If one forsakes a master, who instructs him 13. Scolding him, i.e. abusing him. A. The Nepalese MS. has a better reading of this clause: ‘Or he shall beat him without hurting him, with’ &c. 14. A teacher, though angry, must not strike his pupil severely, nor on a noble part, nor on the chest. After having beaten him, he must again encourage him. If the teacher, actuated by an excess of anger, beats him too severely, the pupil shall announce it to the king, who shall punish the teacher. A. 15. Manu II, 245; Yagnavalkya I, 51; Apastamba I, 11, 30,1; Gautama IX, 1; Vishau XXVIII, 42. 16-21. Rules for an apprentice. A. 16. The teacher must make an agreement in this form, ‘ Let this apprentice stay with me so and so long.’ Viramitrodaya. 17. The teacher shall cause the pupil to do the work peculiar to his own profession, and no other work, and shall feed him and instruct him at his own house. He shall treat him like a son, and not like a labourer. A. 18. If a pupil forsakes his teacher, though the latter has not committed a mortal sin or other heavy crime, the teacher may compel him by forcible means to remain at his house. A. 134 NARADA, V, 19. and whose character is unexceptionable, he may be compelled by forcible means to remain (at the master’s house), and he deserves corporal punishment and confinement. *19. Though his course of instruction be completed, an apprentice must continue to reside at the house of his master, till the fixed period has expired. The profit of whatever work he may be doing there belongs to his master. *20. When he has learnt the art of his craft within the (stipulated) period, the apprentice shall reward his master as plentifully as he can, and return home, after having taken leave of him. 21. Or, a certain fee having been agreed upon and the skill of the pupil examined, the apprentice shall take (his fee) and shall not go to live in the house of another man. *22. Hired servants are of three kinds: highest, middlemost, and lowest. The wages due for their labour are fixed in proportion to their skill and to the value of their services. *23. Soldiers constitute the highest class, agriculturists the middle class, and porters the lowest class. These are the three classes of hired servants. 19. The whole gain of that work which is done by the apprentice while staying at the house of his master after completing his course of instruction, belongs to the master, and not to the apprentice. A. Yagfavalkya II, 184. 20. After the lapse of the stipulated period, i.e. when the time fixed for his apprenticeship has expired. A.
3A. Yagfavalkya II, 184. 20. After the lapse of the stipulated period, i.e. when the time fixed for his apprenticeship has expired. A. 21. The apprentice shall receive whatever fee has been agreed upon, after his skill has been examined by the master. A. The only MS. of the earlier recension of the Narada-smreti breaks off at this paragraph. The remainder of the present translation has been done from the more recerit recension of the Narada-smriti. See Introduction. V, 26. CONTRACTS OF SERVICE. 135 *24. One appointed to manage the property (of the family) and to superintend the household, must also be regarded as a labourer. He is also termed Kaufumbika (the general family servant). *25. Thus have the four classes of servants doing pure work been enumerated. All the others do dirty work and are slaves, of whom there are fifteen kinds. *26. One born at (his master’s) house; one pur- 24. ‘The property,’ meaning fields or ready money, &c. ‘One appointed to manage it,’ i.e. one deputed to administrate it. Viramitrodaya, p. 405. 26-28. ‘One born at (his master’s) house,’ one born of a female slave in the house (of her master). ‘One received (by gift),’ one obtained by the acceptance of a gift and the like. ‘One obtained by inheritance,’ a slave of the father or other ancestor. ‘One maintained during a general famine,’ one whose life has been preserved, during a period of dearth, in order that he might do service (for his preserver). ‘One pledged by his rightful owner,’ one reduced to the condition of a pledge, for a loan received (by his master). ‘One released from a heavy debt,’ one enslaved for debt, whose debt has been paid and who has thereby become the slave (of him who paid the debt). ‘One made captive in a fight,’ one defeated in a combat and enslaved by the victorious party. ‘One won through a wager,’ one gained through the success of a cause, which was preceded by an agreement in this form, ‘If I am defeated in this quarrel, I will be thy slave.” ‘One who has come forward declaring, “I am thine,”’ one who has promised of his own accord to become the slave of another man. ‘An apostate from asceticism,’ one who has forsaken the order of religious ascetics. ‘One enslaved for a stipulated period,’ one obtained through an agreement in this form, ‘I will be thy slave for such a space of time.’ ‘One who has become a slave in order to get a maintenance,’ one who has offered himself as a slave, on condition that food shall always be given to him. ‘ One enslaved on account of his connexion with a female slave:’ by a female slave is meant a female house-slave ; one enslaved for connexion with her is one who has married her through love, and has thus been reduced to the status of a slave. ‘One self-sold’ is one who has sold himself. 136 NARADA. V, 27. chased; one received (by gift); one obtained by inheritance; one maintained during a general famine; one pledged by his rightful owner ;
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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