Vinaya Texts, Part II: The Mahâvagga V–X, Kullavagga I–III — SBE Vol. 17 (1882)

1 On this section compare chap. 1, § 4, chap. 9, § 2.

2 Buddhaghosa points out that whereas the Tagganiya-kamma is directed against quarrelsomeness, and the nissaya-kamma against foolishness, it is scandal to the community against which the Pabbaganiya-kamma is directed.

(17] ‘ Aap. 354 of Assagi and Punabbasu are not to dwell on the Kié Hill?

‘“ This is the motion (Zatti).

‘“Let the venerable Samgha hear me. These Bhikkhus who are followers of Assagi and Punabbasu are wicked Bhikkhus and shameless. Their evil practices (&c., as before, down to) is seen, too, and heard. The Samgha hereby carries out the Pabbaganiya-kamma against them, to the effect that the Bhikkhus who are followers of Assagi and Punabbasu are not to dwell on the Ki‘4 Hill’. Whosoever of the venerable ones approves of the carrying out of the Pabbaganiya-kamma against the followers (&c., as before) to the effect (&c., as before‘) let him remain silent. Whosoever approves not thereof, let him speak.

‘“A second time I say the same thing. Let the venerable Samgha (&c., as before). A third time I say the same thing. Let the venerable Samgha (&c., as before).

‘«“The Pabbaganiya-kamma has been carried out by the Samgha against those Bhikkhus who are followers of Assagi and Punabbasu to the effect that those Bhikkhus who are followers of Assagi and Punabbasu are not to dwell on the Kité Hill'. The Samgha approves of it. Therefore is it silent. Thus do I understand.”’

14,

1. [Here follow the twelve cases in which a Pabbaganiya-kamma is declared to be against

' The corresponding clause to the words ‘to the effect,’ &c., is wanting in chap. 1, § 4, but occurs in chap. 9g, § 2.

p. 355

the law, and according to law respectively, in the precise wording of chapters 2 and 3, reading Pabbaganiya for Tagganiya. Then follow the six cases of permissive suspension in the precise wording of chapter 4, but in addition to the cases there given for the Tagganiya-kamma, §§ 1 and 2 of this chapter are respectively added at the end of §§ 1 and 2 of that chapter.]

1. ‘There are three things, O Bhikkhus, which when they characterise a Bhikkhu, the Samgha, if it likes, should carry out the Pabbaganiyakamma against him; (that is to say), when he is characterised by frivolity! of action—when he is characterised by frivolity of speech—when he is characterised by frivolity both of action and of speech. These are the three things, O Bhikkhus (&c., as before, down to) against him.

‘ There are other three things, O Bhikkhus, which when they characterise a Bhikkhu, the Samgha, if it likes, should carry out the Pabbaganiyakamma against him; (that is to say), when he is characterised by absence of right-doing in action— when he is characterised by absence of right-doing in speech—when he is characterised by absence of right-doing both in action and in speech. These are the other three things, O Bhikkhus (Be as before, down to) against him.

These are the other three things, O Bhikkhus (Be as before, down to) against him.

‘There are other three things (&c., as in each of the last paragraphs; the three things here being injury ? done by him to others in action, in speech, and both in action and in speech, owing to his own

1 The Sam. Pas. says, Kayiko davo nama kaya-ki/a vuéati. * The Sam. Pas. says, Kayikam upaghAtitam nima k4ya-dvare pafizatti-sikkhapadassa asikkhana-bhavena upahananam vudkati.

Aa2

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want of training in the precepts and practices of the order).

‘There are other three things (&c., as in each of the last paragraphs, the three things here being evilness of life in action, in speech, and both in action and in speech).

2. ‘There are three kinds of Bhikkhus, O Bhikkhus, against whom, when the Samgha likes (to do so), it should carry out the Pabbaganiyakamma; (that is to say), one who is frivolous in action—one who is frivolous in speech—one who is frivolous both in action and in speech. These are the three kinds of Bhikkhus (&c., as above, down to) the Pabbaganiya-kamma.

‘There are other three kinds of Bhikkhus (&c., as in the last paragraph, substituting first, absence of right-doing—secondly, injury to others—and thirdly, evilness of life respectively in action, in speech, and both in action and in speech).

15.

[This chapter is identical with chapter 5, reading
Pabbaganiya for Tagganiya.]

16),

1. So the Bhikkhu-Samgha, with S4riputta and Moggallana at their head, proceeded to the Ki Hill, and there carried out the Pabbdganiyakamma against those Bhikkhus who were followers

' Corresponding to chapters 6 and 11 above.

p. 357

of Assagi and Punabbasu, to the intent that those Bhikkhus should no longer dwell on the Kié4 Hill. And they, when subjected by the Samgha to the Pabbaganiya-kamma, did not conduct themselves aright, they did not become subdued, they did not seek for release, they did not ask the Bhikkhus for forgiveness, they reviled them, they found fault with them’, saying that they were offending by acting in partiality, in ill-feeling, in folly, and in fear?; and they not only departed from the place, but also left the Order °,

Those Bhikkhus who were moderate were offended, murmured, and became indignant, saying, ‘How can those Bhikkhus who are followers of Assagi and Punabbasu, after having been subjected by the Samgha to the Pabbaganiya-kamma, refuse to conduct themselves aright (&c., as before, down to) leave the Order?’ And those Bhikkhus told the matter to the Blessed One.

Then the Blessed One on that occasion, and in that connection, convened a meeting of the Bhikkhusamgha, and asked the Bhikkhus::

‘Is it true, O Bhikkhus, as they say, that those Bhikkhus who are followers of Assagi and Punabbasu, after having been subjected by the Samgha to the Pabbaganiya-kamma, refuse (&c., as before, down to) leave the Order ?’

‘It is true, Lord!’

1 Compare Samghdadisesa 13.

? These are the four so-called Agatis, usually occurring as the faults of a judge (Rh. D., ‘ Buddhist Birth Stories,’ p. xxii, and Dasaratha Gataka, p. 1), but compare Sigdlovada Sutta, ed. Grimbolt, p. 299.

5 Compare Gataka I, 117, and Mahavagga I, 39, 5.

p. 358

‘How can those Bhikkhus who (&c., as before, down to) leave the Order? This will not conduce, O Bhikkhus, either to the conversion of the unconverted, or to the increase of the converted; but rather to the unconverted being not converted, and to the turning back of those which have been converted.’ And when the Blessed One had rebuked those Bhikkhus in various ways, and had delivered a religious discourse, he addressed the Bhikkhus, and said:

‘Then, O Bhikkhus, let not the Samgha revoke the Pabbaganiya-kamma. There are five things, O Bhikkhus (&c., as before, from chapter 6, § 2, down to the end of chapter 7, reading Pabbaganiya for Tagganiya).’

Here end the eighteen cases in which there
ought to be a revocation (of the
Pabbaganiya-kamma).

17},

1. ‘ Now thus, O Bhikkhus, should the revocation be carried out. The Bhikkhu, who has been subjected to the Pabbaganiya-kamma, should go before the Samgha (&c., as before in chapter 8, §§ 1, 2, down to the end).’

Here ends the third (Kamma), the
Pabbaganiya-kamma.

1 Compare chapters 8 and 12.

p. 359

IV.
Tue ParisARANIYA-KAMMA (ACT OF RECONCILIATION).

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18},

1. Now at that time the venerable Sudhamma was residing at Ma&é/ik4sazda in dependence upon Xitta the householder, superintending * the new buildings he erected’, and being constantly supplied by him with food. And whenever Xitta the householder wished to give an invitation to the Samgha, or to four or five Bhikkhus‘, or to a single one, he used not to invite them without making special mention of the venerable Sudhamma.

Nowat that time a number of the Thera Bhikkhus, including the venerable Sériputta, and the venerable Mahd4 Moggallana, and the venerable Mahé Kaé4ana, and the venerable Mahé Kod/¢kita, and the venerable Mahé Kappina, and the venerable Maha unda, and

1 The whole of this story of Xitta and Sudhamma recurs in the Dhammapada commentary, pp. 262-264. There is no Rule in the Patimokkha by which giving offence to a layman, the cause of the proceeding described in the following chapters, is considered worthy of censure.

2 Navakammiko, not ‘newly appointed to an office,’ as Dr. Rudolf Hoernle translates in the Indian Antiquary, XI, 29, in dealing with one of the Bharhut Inscriptions. See Gataka I, 92, and below, V, 13, 3, VI, 5, 2, V1, 17,1, X,24. This duty of superintending a new building was even filled by Bhikkhunis; see the Bhikkhunt-vibhanga, Paragika I, where the details of the duty are incidentally mentioned.

® Compare below, Xullavagga VI, 5, 2, and Gataka I, ga, 22.

‘ This clause, both here and below, is omitted in the Sinha- Jese MS. ,

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