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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Such an act, &c. ‘If, O Bhikkhus, an act is lawful and performed by an incomplete congregation—such an act, O Bhikkhus, is objectionable and invalid on account of 1 Te. it is null and void. 264 MAHAVAGGA. IX, 3, 1. the incompleteness (of the congregation). Such an act, &c. ‘If, O Bhikkhus, an act is lawful and performed by a complete congregation—such an act, O Bhikkhus, is unobjectionable and valid on account of its lawfulness and of the completeness (of the congregation). Such an act, O Bhikkhus, ought to be performed, and such an act is allowed by me. ‘Therefore, O Bhikkhus, you ought to train yourselves thus: “ Lawful acts which are performed by complete congregations—such acts will we perform}.”” 3 1. At that time the AK/abbaggiya Bhikkhus performed official acts in the following ways: they performed unlawful acts before an incomplete congregation (&c., as in chap. 2, § 1, down to:) they performed seemingly lawful acts before a complete congregation; they performed acts without a #atti® and with the proclamation (of the kammavaééé*); they performed acts without a proclamation (of the kammav4£a) and with the #atti; they performed acts without a #zatti and without a proclamation (of the kammav4é4); they performed acts contrary to the Dhamma; they performed acts contrary to the Vinaya; they performed acts contrary to the doctrine of the Teacher; and they performed acts against which (the Bhikkhus present) protested, which were unlawful, objectionable, and invalid. Those Bhikkhus who were moderate, were annoyed, 1 A similar injunction is found at the close of chapter II, 14. 2 See I, 28, &c. IX, 3, 3 FORMAL ACTS OF THE SAMGHA. 265 &c. These Bhikkhus told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘Is it true, as they say, O Bhikkhus, that the Khabbaggiya Bhikkhus, &c. ?’ ‘It is true, Lord, &c.’ Having thus rebuked them and delivered a religious discourse, he thus addressed the Bhikkhus : 2. ‘If an official act, O Bhikkhus, is performed unlawfully by an incomplete congregation, it is no real act and ought not to be performed (&c.', down to:). If an official act, O Bhikkhus, is performed against which (the Bhikkhus present) protest, which is unlawful, objectionable, and invalid, this is no real act and ought not to be performed. 3. ‘There are, O Bhikkhus, six kinds of official acts (which a Samgha can perform): an unlawful act, an act performed by an incomplete congregation, an act performed by a complete congregation, a seemingly lawful act performed by an incomplete congregation, a seemingly lawful act performed by a complete congregation, a lawful act performed by a complete congregation. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is an unlawful act? If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #attidutiya act? with one Zatti, and does not proclaim a kammavA4A&a, such an act is unlawful. If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #attidutiya act with two #attis and does not proclaim a kammav4é4 .... with one kammava& and does not propose a #atti.... with two
2If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #attidutiya act? with one Zatti, and does not proclaim a kammavA4A&a, such an act is unlawful. If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #attidutiya act with two #attis and does not proclaim a kammav4é4 .... with one kammava& and does not propose a #atti.... with two 1 Here the different categories of forbidden acts are enumerated one after the other, as in § 1. * About fiatti, kammav4A§, fattidutiya, and fattizatuttha acts, see our note at I, 28, 3. ‘Proposing a fiatti’ and ‘proclaiming a kammav4s4’ mean proposing a motion and putting a resolution to the assembled brethren. 266 MAHAVAGGA. IX, 3, 4. kammavaé4s and does not propose a #atti, such an act is unlawful. 4. ‘If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #attiZatuttha act with one #atti and does not proclaim a kammavaa, such an act is unlawful. If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #attizatuttha act with two(.... three,.... four) #attis and does not proclaim a kammav4Aa, such an act is unlawful. If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #Zattifatuttha act with one kammav4a (.... with two,....three,.... four kammavé4ZAs) and does not propose a Zatti, such an act is unlawful. Such acts, O Bhikkhus, are called unlawful acts. 5. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is an act of an incomplete congregation ? ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attidutiya act not all Bhikkhus, as many as are entitled to vote, are present, if the £4anda! of those who have to declare their £4anda has not been conveyed (to the assembly), and if the Bhikkhus present protest, such an act is performed by an incomplete congregation. ‘Tf, O Bhikkhus, at a #attidutiya act as many Bhikkhus as are entitled to vote, are present, but if the £/anda of those who have to declare their £4anda has not been conveyed (to the assembly), and if the Bhikkhus present protest, such an act is performed by an incomplete congregation. ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attidutiya act as many Bhikkhus as are entitled to vote, are present, if the khanda of those who have to declare their 44anda has been conveyed, but if the Bhikkhus present protest, such an act is performed by an incomplete congregation. 1 See II, 23. IX, 3, 8. FORMAL ACTS OF THE SAMGHA. 267 ‘Tf, O Bhikkhus, at a #Zattifatuttha act, &c.) ‘Such acts, O Bhikkhus, are called acts performed by incomplete congregations. 6. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is an act of a complete congregation ? ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #Zattidutiya act as many Bhikkhus as are entitled to vote, are present, if the khanda of those who have to declare their £4anda has been conveyed (to the assembly), and if the Bhikkhus present do not protest, such an act is performed by a complete congregation. ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attifatuttha act (&c., as in last section). ‘Such acts, O Bhikkhus, are called acts performed by complete congregations. 7. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is a seemingly lawful act performed by an incomplete congregation ?
3‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attifatuttha act (&c., as in last section). ‘Such acts, O Bhikkhus, are called acts performed by complete congregations. 7. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is a seemingly lawful act performed by an incomplete congregation ? ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attidutiya act the kammav4AAis proclaimed first and the #atti is proposed afterwards, if not all Bhikkhus, as many as are entitled to vote, are present, &c.? 8. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is a seemingly lawful act performed by a complete congregation ? ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attidutiya act the kammav4&aé is proclaimed first and the #atti is proposed afterwards, ifas many Bhikkhus as are entitled to vote, are present, &c.* 1 The identical three cases given before with regard to the fattidutiya act are repeated here. * The six cases given in this paragraph, of which three refer to wattidutiya acts and three to siattizatuttha acts, differ from those specified in § 5 only by the statement added in each of these cases regarding the inverted order of %atti and kammava&éa. * This paragraph stands precisely in the same relation to § 6 in which the preceding one stands to § 5. 268 MAHAVAGGA. IX, 3, 9. g. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is a lawful act performed by a complete congregation ? ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attidutiya act the #atti is proposed first and afterwards the act is performed with one kammav44&é, if as many Bhikkhus as are entitled to vote, are present, if the £Zanda of those who have to declare their £4anda has been conveyed (to the assembly), and if the Bhikkhus present do not protest, such an act is lawful and performed by a complete congregation. ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attizatuttha act the atti is proposed first and afterwards the act is performed with three kammavdAds, if as many Bhikkhus as are entitled to vote, &c., such an act is lawful and performed by a complete congregation.’ 4, 1. ‘There are five kinds of Samghas: the Bhikkhu Samgha consisting of four persons, the Bhikkhu Samgha consisting of five persons... . of ten persons. . . . of twenty persons... . of more than twenty persons. ‘In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Samgha consist of four persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts except three acts, that is, the upasampad4 ordination, pavaraza, and abbhana?. ‘In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Samgha consist of five persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts except ? See Xullavagga III, 2 seq. IX, 4, 2. FORMAL ACTS OF THE SAMGHA. 269 two acts, that is, the upasampada ordination in the central countries? and abbh4na. ‘In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Samgha consist of ten persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts except one, namely, abbh4na. ‘In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Samgha consist of twenty persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Such an act, &c. ‘If, O Bhikkhus, an act is lawful and performed by an incomplete congregation—such an act, O Bhikkhus, is objectionable and invalid on account of 1 Te. it is null and void. 264 MAHAVAGGA. IX, 3, 1. the incompleteness (of the congregation). Such an act, &c. ‘If, O Bhikkhus, an act is lawful and performed by a complete congregation—such an act, O Bhikkhus, is unobjectionable and valid on account of its lawfulness and of the completeness (of the congregation). Such an act, O Bhikkhus, ought to be performed, and such an act is allowed by me. ‘Therefore, O Bhikkhus, you ought to train yourselves thus: “ Lawful acts which are performed by complete congregations—such acts will we perform}.”” 3 1. At that time the AK/abbaggiya Bhikkhus performed official acts in the following ways: they performed unlawful acts before an incomplete congregation (&c., as in chap. 2, § 1, down to:) they performed seemingly lawful acts before a complete congregation; they performed acts without a #atti® and with the proclamation (of the kammavaééé*); they performed acts without a proclamation (of the kammav4£a) and with the #atti; they performed acts without a #zatti and without a proclamation (of the kammav4é4); they performed acts contrary to the Dhamma; they performed acts contrary to the Vinaya; they performed acts contrary to the doctrine of the Teacher; and they performed acts against which (the Bhikkhus present) protested, which were unlawful, objectionable, and invalid. Those Bhikkhus who were moderate, were annoyed, 1 A similar injunction is found at the close of chapter II, 14. 2 See I, 28, &c. IX, 3, 3 FORMAL ACTS OF THE SAMGHA. 265 &c. These Bhikkhus told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘Is it true, as they say, O Bhikkhus, that the Khabbaggiya Bhikkhus, &c. ?’ ‘It is true, Lord, &c.’ Having thus rebuked them and delivered a religious discourse, he thus addressed the Bhikkhus : 2. ‘If an official act, O Bhikkhus, is performed unlawfully by an incomplete congregation, it is no real act and ought not to be performed (&c.', down to:). If an official act, O Bhikkhus, is performed against which (the Bhikkhus present) protest, which is unlawful, objectionable, and invalid, this is no real act and ought not to be performed. 3. ‘There are, O Bhikkhus, six kinds of official acts (which a Samgha can perform): an unlawful act, an act performed by an incomplete congregation, an act performed by a complete congregation, a seemingly lawful act performed by an incomplete congregation, a seemingly lawful act performed by a complete congregation, a lawful act performed by a complete congregation. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is an unlawful act? If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #attidutiya act? with one Zatti, and does not proclaim a kammavA4A&a, such an act is unlawful. If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #attidutiya act with two #attis and does not proclaim a kammav4é4 .... with one kammava& and does not propose a #atti.... with two
2If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #attidutiya act? with one Zatti, and does not proclaim a kammavA4A&a, such an act is unlawful. If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #attidutiya act with two #attis and does not proclaim a kammav4é4 .... with one kammava& and does not propose a #atti.... with two 1 Here the different categories of forbidden acts are enumerated one after the other, as in § 1. * About fiatti, kammav4A§, fattidutiya, and fattizatuttha acts, see our note at I, 28, 3. ‘Proposing a fiatti’ and ‘proclaiming a kammav4s4’ mean proposing a motion and putting a resolution to the assembled brethren. 266 MAHAVAGGA. IX, 3, 4. kammavaé4s and does not propose a #atti, such an act is unlawful. 4. ‘If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #attiZatuttha act with one #atti and does not proclaim a kammavaa, such an act is unlawful. If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #attizatuttha act with two(.... three,.... four) #attis and does not proclaim a kammav4Aa, such an act is unlawful. If one performs, O Bhikkhus, a #Zattifatuttha act with one kammav4a (.... with two,....three,.... four kammavé4ZAs) and does not propose a Zatti, such an act is unlawful. Such acts, O Bhikkhus, are called unlawful acts. 5. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is an act of an incomplete congregation ? ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attidutiya act not all Bhikkhus, as many as are entitled to vote, are present, if the £4anda! of those who have to declare their £4anda has not been conveyed (to the assembly), and if the Bhikkhus present protest, such an act is performed by an incomplete congregation. ‘Tf, O Bhikkhus, at a #attidutiya act as many Bhikkhus as are entitled to vote, are present, but if the £/anda of those who have to declare their £4anda has not been conveyed (to the assembly), and if the Bhikkhus present protest, such an act is performed by an incomplete congregation. ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attidutiya act as many Bhikkhus as are entitled to vote, are present, if the khanda of those who have to declare their 44anda has been conveyed, but if the Bhikkhus present protest, such an act is performed by an incomplete congregation. 1 See II, 23. IX, 3, 8. FORMAL ACTS OF THE SAMGHA. 267 ‘Tf, O Bhikkhus, at a #Zattifatuttha act, &c.) ‘Such acts, O Bhikkhus, are called acts performed by incomplete congregations. 6. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is an act of a complete congregation ? ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #Zattidutiya act as many Bhikkhus as are entitled to vote, are present, if the khanda of those who have to declare their £4anda has been conveyed (to the assembly), and if the Bhikkhus present do not protest, such an act is performed by a complete congregation. ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attifatuttha act (&c., as in last section). ‘Such acts, O Bhikkhus, are called acts performed by complete congregations. 7. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is a seemingly lawful act performed by an incomplete congregation ?
3‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attifatuttha act (&c., as in last section). ‘Such acts, O Bhikkhus, are called acts performed by complete congregations. 7. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is a seemingly lawful act performed by an incomplete congregation ? ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attidutiya act the kammav4AAis proclaimed first and the #atti is proposed afterwards, if not all Bhikkhus, as many as are entitled to vote, are present, &c.? 8. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is a seemingly lawful act performed by a complete congregation ? ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attidutiya act the kammav4&aé is proclaimed first and the #atti is proposed afterwards, ifas many Bhikkhus as are entitled to vote, are present, &c.* 1 The identical three cases given before with regard to the fattidutiya act are repeated here. * The six cases given in this paragraph, of which three refer to wattidutiya acts and three to siattizatuttha acts, differ from those specified in § 5 only by the statement added in each of these cases regarding the inverted order of %atti and kammava&éa. * This paragraph stands precisely in the same relation to § 6 in which the preceding one stands to § 5. 268 MAHAVAGGA. IX, 3, 9. g. ‘And which, O Bhikkhus, is a lawful act performed by a complete congregation ? ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attidutiya act the #atti is proposed first and afterwards the act is performed with one kammav44&é, if as many Bhikkhus as are entitled to vote, are present, if the £Zanda of those who have to declare their £4anda has been conveyed (to the assembly), and if the Bhikkhus present do not protest, such an act is lawful and performed by a complete congregation. ‘If, O Bhikkhus, at a #attizatuttha act the atti is proposed first and afterwards the act is performed with three kammavdAds, if as many Bhikkhus as are entitled to vote, &c., such an act is lawful and performed by a complete congregation.’ 4, 1. ‘There are five kinds of Samghas: the Bhikkhu Samgha consisting of four persons, the Bhikkhu Samgha consisting of five persons... . of ten persons. . . . of twenty persons... . of more than twenty persons. ‘In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Samgha consist of four persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts except three acts, that is, the upasampad4 ordination, pavaraza, and abbhana?. ‘In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Samgha consist of five persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts except ? See Xullavagga III, 2 seq. IX, 4, 2. FORMAL ACTS OF THE SAMGHA. 269 two acts, that is, the upasampada ordination in the central countries? and abbh4na. ‘In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Samgha consist of ten persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts except one, namely, abbh4na. ‘In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Samgha consist of twenty persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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