The Sushruta Samhita — trans. Bhishagratna
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Hence a careful examination of the affected Marma should
(of the said group) is devoid of Mansa, Snayu and Sandhi ; the Nila,
Manya and Phana Marmas (of the same group) are devoid of Mansa,
Sandhi and Asthi ; the Avarta-marma is devoid of S'irsL, Sniyu and
Mansa ; the Apdnga. marma (of the said class) is devoid of Mansa, Sniyu
and Sandhi.
* The Gulpha, Manibandha, and Kurchcha-s'ira Marmas, belonging to the Rujakara group, are devoid of Mansa, S'ir^, Sniyu and Asthi, i.e. Sandhi alone is present in these.
t Hence the piercing of a bone is attended with bleeding.
p. 179
precede all the foregoing acts of extricating a Salya from its inside. From that similar aggravated conditions and actions of the Pitta and the Kapha should be presumed in the event of a Marma being any v^ay injured or pierced into. 26—29.
A Marma of the Sadyah-Pr^nahara type being perforated at its edge brings on death at a later time (within seven days), whereas a deformity of the organ follows from the piercing of a Kdlantara-Miraka* Marma at the side (instead of in the centre). Similarly, an excruciating pain and distressful after-effects mark a similar perforation of a Marma of the Vis'alyaghnaf group. And a Marma of the Rujdkara|: class produces an excruciating pain (instead of a sharp one) in the event of its being pierced at the fringe. 30.
An injured Marma of the Sadyah-Pranahara type terminates in death within seven days of the injury, while one of the Kaldntara type, within a fortnight or a month from the date of hurt (according to circumstances). A case of injured Kshipra-Marma seldom proves fatal before that time (seven days). An injured Marma of the Vis'alyaghna or Vaikalyakara group may prove fatal in the event of its being severely injured. 31.
Marmas of the Extremities :— Now we shall describe the situation of every Marma. The t Any M.-irma of the Vis'aiyaghna-group, being deeply perforated, brings on death within seven days (/. e. it will behave like a slightly injured Marma of the Kalantara-Prknahara class).
* If any of the Marmas of the Kalanlara-Pranahara group be deeply perforated, then this perforation is sure to bring on death within a day {i.e. it will act like a slightly injured Marma of the Sadyah- Pranahara group).
t Any Marma of the. Rujakara class, being deeply perforated (injured), is sure to bring excruciating pain etc, (i.e., it will act like a slightly injured Marma of the Vis'alyaghna group).
rSo THE SUSHRUTA SAMHITA. [Chap. VI.
t Any Marma of the. Rujakara class, being deeply perforated (injured), is sure to bring excruciating pain etc, (i.e., it will act like a slightly injured Marma of the Vis'alyaghna group).
rSo THE SUSHRUTA SAMHITA. [Chap. VI.
Marma, known as the Kshipra*, is situated in the region between the first and the second toes (Tarsal articulation), which, being injured or pierced, brings on death from convulsions. The Marma, known as the Tala-Hridayat, is situated in the middle of the sole of the foot in a straight line drawn from the root of the middle toe. An injury to this Marma gives rise to extreme pain which ends in death. The Marma, known as the Kurchchat, is situated two fingers' width above from the Kshipra one on each side of the foot. An injury to this Marma results in shivering and bending in of the foot. The Marma called Kurchcha-Sirah § is situated under the ankle-joints, one on each side of the foot (Gulpha-Sandhi) ; an injury to it gives rise to pain and swelling of the affected part. A perforation of the Gulpha-Marma !!, which is situated at the junction of the foot and the calf, results in pain, paralysis and maimedness of the affected leg. 32-37-
An injury to the Marma which is. situated in the middle muscle of the calf to the distance of between twelve and thirteen fingers' width from the ankle, and known as the Indravasti-Marma^lT results in excessive haemorrhage which ends in death. 38.
* It is a Snayu-Marma (ligament) to the width of half a finger, and belongs to the Kalantara group.
t It is a Mansa-Marma to the width of half a finger and belongs to the Kalantara group.
:; It is a Snayu-Marma to the length of four fingers' width, and belongs to the Vaikalyakara group.
§ It is a Snayu-Marma, one finger in length and belongs to the Vaikalyakara group.
II It is a Sandhi-Marma, to the length of two fingers', and belongs to the Vaikalyakara group.
IF Indravasti measures two fingers in length according to Bhoja and
Chap. VI.] SARIRA ST HAN AM. iSl
An injury to or piercing of the Jatnu-Marma* situated at the union of the thigh and the knee, results in lameness of the patient. 39.
A piercing of the Aui-Marma,+ situated on both the sides above three fingers' width from the Jdnu (knee joint), brings on swelling and paralysis (numbness) of the leg. 40.
39.
A piercing of the Aui-Marma,+ situated on both the sides above three fingers' width from the Jdnu (knee joint), brings on swelling and paralysis (numbness) of the leg. 40.
A perforation of the Urvi-Marma,t situated in the middle of the Uru (thigh), results in the atrophy of the leg, owing to the incidental haemorrhage. An injury to the Lohitaiksha-Marma,ll situated respectively a little above and below the Urvi-Marma and the Vankshana (groin-joint), and placed near the thigh, is attended with excessive haemorrhage and causes paralysis (of the leg). 41-42.
An injury to the Vitapa-Marma,^ situated between the Scrotum and the Vankshana (inguinal region), brings on loss of manhood or scantiness of semen. Thus the eleven Sakthi-Marmas of one leg have been described ; those in the other being of an identical nature with the preceding ones. The Marmas in the hands are almost identical with those of the legs, with the exception that Manivandha, Kurpara and Kakshadhara Marmas
Gayadasa, though half a finger in width according to others. It is a
Mansa-Marma and belongs to the Kalantara group.
* It is a joint-Marma, three fingers in length and belongs to the Vaikalyakara group.
t It is a ligam';nt-Marma, half a finger in length, (three fingers according to Gayadasa) and is of the Vaikalyakara class.
X It is a S'ira-Marma, half a finger in length and of the Vaikalyakara group,
II It is a S'ira-Marma, halfa finger in length and of the Vaikalya. kara group.
IT It is a Snayu-Marma to the length of one finger and of the
Vaikalyakara group.
l82 THE SUSHRUTA SAMHITA. [Chap. VI.
occur in the place of the Gulpha, Jdnu and Vitapa Marmas respectively. As the Vitapa-Marma is situated between the scrotum and the Vankshana (inguinal region), so the Kakshadhara-Marma is situated between the Vaksha (chest) and the Kaksha (armpit). An injury to these causes supervening symptoms. An injury to the Manivandha-Marma (wrist-marma) results specially in inoperativeness (Kuntha) of the affected hand ; an injury to the Kurpara-Marma ends in dangling (Kuni) of the hand ; and an injury to the Kakshadhara results in hemiplegia. Thus the forty-four Marmas of the upper and the lower extremities have been described. 43-46.
Marmas on the Thorax etc. :— Now we