The Sushruta Samhita — trans. Bhishagratna

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dansa. The organ cracks, the ulcers or cancers become infested with parasites and death comes in to put a stop to the suffering of its wretched victim. 9—13.

^lipadam (Elephantiasis) :- The disease in which the deranged Vayu, Pittam and Kapham, taking a downward course, are lodged in the thighs, knee-joints, legs and the inguinal regions and spread to the feet in course of time and gradually give rise to a swelling therein, is called Siipadam. There are three types of Slipada severally due to the actions of the deranged Vayu, Pittam and Kapham. 14— 15.

The symptoms of the different

Types! — The swollen parts assume a black colour in the VsLfcaja type and are felt rough and uneven to the touch. A sort of spasmodic pain without any apparent reason is felt (at intervals in the seat of the disease), which largely begins to crack or burst. The Pittaja type is characterised by a little softness and yellowish hue (of the diseased localities) and often attended with fever, and a burning sensation. In the Kaphaja type the affected localities become white, glossy, slightly painful, heavy, contain large nodules (Granthis) and are studded over with crops of papillae. 16.

Prognosis : — A case of elephantiasis of a year's growth as well as the one which is characterised by excessive swelling (of the affected parts), exudation and vegetation of knotty excrescences resembling the summits of an ant-hill should be given up as incurable. 17.

Memorable Verses : -A preponderance of

the deranged Kapham marks the three types of the disease, in as much as, the heaviness and largeness (of the swelling) can not be brought about by any other factor than Kapham. The disease is peculiar to countries

84 THE SUSHRUTA SAMHITA. [Chap. XII.

in which large quantities of old rain-water remain stagnant during the greater part (lit.- all seasons) of the year making them damp and humid in all seasons. 18-91

The disease is usually found to be confined to the legs and hands of men but cases are on record in which it has extended to the ear, nose, lips and the regions of the eyes. (Penis — Mddhaba-Niddnam). 20.

Thus ends the twelfth Chapter of ihe Nidanasthanam in the Sus'ruta Samhifa which treats of the Nidanara of scrotal tumours, hernia, Upadans'am and elephantiasis.

CHAPTER Xm.

Now we shall discourse on the Nidanam of Kshudrarog'am (diseases which are known by the general name of minor ailments), i.

CHAPTER Xm.

Now we shall discourse on the Nidanam of Kshudrarog'am (diseases which are known by the general name of minor ailments), i.

These diseases are generally divided into fortyfour distinct varieties or types such as : — Ajagallikji, Yavaprakshya, Andhdlaji, Vivrit^, Kachchapika, Valmika, Indravriddhd, Panasikd, Pashdna-garddabha, Jala-garddabha, Kakshd, Vishphota, Agni-rohini, Chippam, Kunakha, Anusaye, Viddrikd, Sarkard- Arbudam, Pam^, Vicharchikd, Rakasa, Pddadarikd, Kadara, Alasa, Indralupta, Darunaka, Arunshika, Palitam, Mas'urika, Yauvana-pidaka, Padmini-kantaka, Yatumani, Mas'aka, Charmakila,Tilakdlaka, Nyachchya, Vyanga, Parivartiki, Avapatikd, Niruddha-prakas'a, Niruddha-guda, Ahiputanam, Vrishana-kachchu, and Guda-bhrans'a . * 2.

Metrical Texts : — The species of pimples or eruptions which are shaped like the Mud^a pulse and are glossy, knotty and painless is called Ajagallikai. They are of the same colour (as the surrounding skin) and their origin is usually ascribed to the action of the deranged Kapham and Vayu. The disease is peculiar to infants.f Ya^vaiprakshyai :— The eruptions

* Brahmadeva comprising Garddavika^ Irvellika, Gandhapidikd and Tilakdlaka in the list reads it as consisting of thirty-four different species. Jejjata does not hold the four forms of disease commencing with Garddavika, etc, as inchided within the list. Gaydd^sa, finding them included in all the recensions reads Garddabhikd, etc. as included within -the list of Kshudra Roga, and Pama etc. as included within the list of Kshudra Kushtham.

t They afflict certain infants— Dallana.

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which are shaped like the barley-corns, extremely hard, thick at the middle, knotty and affect (lit— confined to) the flesh are called Yavaprakshya. They are due to the action of the deranged Vayu and Kapham. Andhail ji : — The dense, raised, slender-topped eruptions which appear in circular patches and exude a slight pus are called Andhdlaji. They are due to the action of the deranged Vdyu and Kapham. VivritSfc: — Pustules or eruptions, which are coloured like a ripe fig. fruit and are flat-topped and appear in circular patches with an intolerable burning sensation, are called Vivrita They are due to the action of the deranged Pittam. 3 - 6.

VivritSfc: — Pustules or eruptions, which are coloured like a ripe fig. fruit and are flat-topped and appear in circular patches with an intolerable burning sensation, are called Vivrita They are due to the action of the deranged Pittam. 3 - 6.

Kachchapika :— A group of five or six hard, elevated, nodular eruptions (Granthis), arranged in the shape of a tortoise (which may appear on the surface of any part of the body), are called Kachchapikd. They are due to the action of the deranged Kapham and V4yu. Valmika : —The knotty undurated eruptions (Granthis) which gradually appear on the soles, palms, joints, neck and on the regions above clavicles and resemble an ant-hill in shape, slowly gaining in size are called Valmika Ulcers attended with pricking pain, burning, itching sensations and exuding mucopurulent discharges appear around the aforesaid eruptions (Granthis). The disease is due to the action of the deranged Kapham, Pittam and Viyu. 7 — 8.

Indravriddhst : -Pimples or eruptions ^Pidakd) arising (on the surface of the body), arranged in the same circular array as marks the distribution of the seed (sacks) in a lotus flower are called Indravriddha' by the physicians. The disease is caused by the action of the deranged Vdyu and Pittam. Pauasika : — Eruptions (Pidakd) of a sort of extremely painful pustules all over the back or the ears which resemble the

p. 87

Kumuda bulb in shape, are called Panasikat. They are due to the action of the deranged Kapham and Wkyu. i: a^sha^na-Garddabha :— A slightly painful and non-shifting hard swelling, which appears on the joint of the jawbones, (Hanu-sandhi, is called Pashdna- Garddabha. The disease is the effect of the deranged Kapham and Vdyu. Jaila-Garddabha : — A thin and superficial swelling, which like erysipelas is of a shifting or progressive character and is further attended with fever and a burning sensation and which is but rarely found to suppurate, is called Jdla-Garddabha* The disease results from the deranged Pittam. Kakshai • — The disease characterised by the eruptions of black and painful vesicles i^ShphotaJ on the back, sides, and on the region about the arm-pits, is called Kaksha. The disease is likewise attributed to the action of the aggravated Pittam, Vishphotaka — The disease in which eruptions of burnlike vesicles (Shphota) crop up on the whole surface of the body, or on that of any particular locality, attended with fever, is called Vishphotaka. The disease is the effect of vitiated blood and Pittam. 9 — 14.