The Sushruta Samhita — trans. Bhishagratna
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8.
The deranged Kaphah, in conjunction with the (morbid) Pittam, Vayu and fat, gives rise to all Kaphaja
Chap. VI. NIDANA STHANAM. 45
types of Prameha. The deranged Pittam, in conjunction with the deranged Vayu, blood, fat and Kapham, produces the Pittaja ones ; while the deranged Vayu, in unison with the deranged Kapham, Pittam, fat, marrow and Vasa (myosin), engenders the types of Vataja Prameha. 9.
Symptoms of Kaphaja IVIehas : -The
urine* of a person suffering from an attack of Udakameha becomes white and water-like and is passed without the least pain. In a case of Ikshumeha the urine resembles the expressed juice of sugarcane. It has the colour of wine in a case of Surameha. The urine in a case of Sikatameha is passed with pain and is found to leave a sediment of extremely fine and sand-like concretions {Sikatas). In a case of Sanaimeha the urine gushes out at intervals in jets and is charged with a slimy mucous (kaphah). The urine in a case of Lavauameha becomes limpid (non-viscid) and acquires a saline taste. There is horripilation at the time of micturition in a case of Pishtameha (Chyluria), the urine resembling a stream of water, charged with a solution of pasted rice (Pishtam).
In a case of Sandrameha, the urine becomes thick and turbid, while in a case of Sukrameha the urine resembles semen (or the urine is found to be charged with semen : — Madhaba). In a case of
* Tl e Sanskrit term Meha literally means to micturate. The verbal noun Mehanam signifies utination as well as the act of passing any morbid urethral secretion. Hence the urine in most of these cases denotes the fact of its being charged with pus or any other morbid secretion of the urinary oigans such as Ojah (albumen), marrow, etc., which imparts tluir characteristic colours to the fluid, —a fact which determines the nomenclature of the disease and forms the keynote of its diagnosis in the Ayurveda.— Ed.
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Phenamelia the patient passes frothy urine in broken jets. lo.
Symptoms of Pittaja Mehas :— Now we
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Phenamelia the patient passes frothy urine in broken jets. lo.
Symptoms of Pittaja Mehas :— Now we shall describe the characteristic features of the types of Prameha, which are due to the action of the deranged Pittam. The urine in a case of Nilameha becomes frothy, transparent and bluish. The urine in a case of Haridrameha becomes deep yellow like turmeric (Haridra) and is passed with a burning pain. The urine in a case of Amlameha acquires an acid taste and smell. The urine in a case of Kshairameha* resembles an alkaline solution filtered (through a piece of linen). The urine in a case of MaDJisthameha resembles the washing of the Manjistha, while in a case of Raktameha, the urine is found to be of blood-colour ^or charged with blood - Madhava). 1 1 .
Symptoms of Vataja-IVIehas :— Now we
shall describe the characteristics of the different types of Prameha, which are due to an exuberance of the deranged Vayu. In a case of Sarpimeha, the urine looks like a stream of clarified butter, while in one of Vasatmeha it resembles the washings of Vasa. In a case of Kshaudrameha, the urine looks like honey and acquires a sweet taste. In one of Hastimsha, the patient passes a copious quantity of urine, like an excited elephant, at a time, and in one unbroken stream, (the organ becoming steady immediately after the act of micturition). I2.
Supervening" symptoms :— The fact of
the urine being assailed by a swarm of flies, lassitude, growth of flesh (obesity), catarrh, looseness of the limbs, a f Charaka has included it within Kshaudra Meha and Madhu Me a.
* The urine acquires a distinct alkaline taste, smell, colour and touch. (Madhaba Nidanam).
Chap. VI.] NIDANA STHANAM. 47
(Madhaba Nidanam).
f Charaka has included it within Kshaudra Meha and Madhu Me a.
Chap. VI.] NIDANA STHANAM. 47
non-relish for food, Indigestion, expectoration of mucous, vomiting, excessive sleep, cough and laboured breathing (Svasa) are the supervening traits (Upadrava) of the Kaphaja Prameha. A piercing pain in the testes, a pricking (veda) pain in the bladder, a shooting pain (Tuda) in the penis, a griping pain at the heart, acid eructations, fever, dysentery, a non-relish for food, vomiting, a sensation as if the entire body is emitting fumes, a burning sensation in the skin, thirst, epileptic fits, insomnia, jaundice (Pandu) and a yellow colour of the stool and urine are the supervening symptoms which mark the Pittaja types of Prameha. An oppressive feeling at the heart (Hridgraha), eager longings for foods of all tastes, insomnia, numbness of the body, fits of shivering, colic pain and constipation of the bowels are the supervening symptoms, which specifically mark the Vataja types. Thus we have described the nature of the twenty different types of Meha with their supervening evils as well. 13-16.
The ten different types of Pidaka (abscess, carbuncles, pimples, pustules etc.) are found to crop up on the bodies of patients, suffering from Prameha, and abounding in fat and Vasa, and whose fundamental principles have been affected by the simultaneous derangement of the Vayu, Pittam and Kapham. They are named as Siravikat, Sarshapika, Kachchapika; Jaiini, Vinat^, Putrini, Masurika, Alaji, Vids^rika and Vidradhikab. \7 -
IVIctrical Texts : — An abscess which is raised at the margin and dipped in its centre, so as to resemble an Indian saucer in its shape is called Saravik^. Pimples or pustules of the shape and size of white mustard seeds are called Sarshapikat. An abscess, resembling (the back of) a tortoise in shape and attended with a burning sensation, is called Kachchapika by the wise.
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