The Sushruta Samhita — trans. Bhishagratna

[Chap. XVI.

which gradually obstruct the channel of the throat and bring on death. The disease is called Rohini (Diphtheria^i. 49.

The V^taja Rohini :~A vegetation of extremely painful fleshy Ankuras (nodules), crops up all over the tongue which tend to obstruct the passage of the throat and are usually accompanied by other distressing symptoms characteristic of the deranged Vayu. Pittaja- Eohini :— The Ankuras (nodules) in the present type are marked by speedy growth and suppuration, and are accompanied by a burning sensation and high fever. Kaphaja Rohini : —The Ankuras (nodules) become heavy, hard and characterised by slow suppuration gradually obstructing the passage of the throat. 50-52.

The Sannipatika Type :— Suppuration

takes place in the deeper strata of the membrane accompanied by all the dangerous symptoms peculiar to the three aforesaid types of the disease. It is rarely amenable to treatment. Rakfcaja Type : -Symptoms characteristic of the Pittaja type of the disease are present and the fleshy outgrowth formed in the throat, is found to be covered with small vesicles. This type is incurable.* 53~54

Kantha-^alukam : -The disease in which a hard rough nodular growth (Granthi) in the shape of a plum-stone crops up in the throat, which seems as if it has been stuffed with the bristle of a S'uka insect or been pricked by thorns is called Kantha-Salukam. The disease is due to the action of the deranged Kapham. It is amenable to surgical treatment only. Adhijihva : — A small swelling like the tip of the tongue caused by the

* The reading Sadhya (curable) which is to be met with in the several printed editions of Madhab's Nidanam in lieu of the reading Asadhya 'incurable) is not to our mind correct,

Chap. XVI.] NIDANA STHANAM. I09

deranged blood and Kapham over the root of the tongue is called Adhijihva, which should be given up as soon as suppuration sets in. Valaya :— A circular or ring-shaped raised swelling obstructing or closing up the upper end of the oesophagus (structure of oesophagus) is called Valaya. It cannot be cured and hence should be given up. It is due to the deranged action of the Kapham in the locality. Valatsa : —The disease in which the unusually aggravated Vayu and Kapham give rise to a swelling in the throat, which is extremely painful and causes a difficulty of respiration, ultimately producing symptoms of complete asphyxia is called Valasa by learned physicians and is very difficult to cure. 55 — 58.

Eka-vrinda and Vrinda*:— The disease in

55 — 58.

Eka-vrinda and Vrinda*:— The disease in

which a circular, raised, heavy and slightly soft swelling appears In the throat attended with Itching, a slightly burning sensation and a slight suppuration is called Eka-vrinda. The disease is due to the effect of vitiated blood and Kapham. The disease in which a round elevated swelling attended with high fever and a slightly burning sensation is formed in the throat through the aggravated condition of the blood and Pittam is called Vrinda. A piercing pain in the swelling points to its Vataja origin. 59—60.

^atagChni : — The disease in which, through the concerted action of the deranged Vayu, Pittam and Kapham, a hard throat obstructing Varti fjagged membrane; edged like a Sataghni-f and densely beset with fleshy excrescences is formed along the inner lining of t Sataghni is a kind of weapon uged in ancient warf?ire, iro THE SUSHRUTA SAMHITA [Chap. XVI.

* The diseases of the throat are 17 in number. Taking Vrinda as a separate disease they amount to 18 ; but Vrinda, affecting similar place and being similar in appearance with but a slight distinction of symptoms, is only a particular state of Eka-vrinda, and not a separate disease.

that pipe is denominated as Sataghni. Various kinds of pains, (characteristics of each of the deranged Vayu, Pittam and Kapham) are present in this type which should be necessarily considered as irremediable. 6i.

GilStyu : — The disease in which the aggravated Kapham and blood give rise to a hard and slightly painful (D. R extremely painfull glandular swelling in the thrviat to the siz^ of the stone of the Amalaka fruit is called Gilayu. A sensation as if a morsel or bolus of food is stuck in the throat is experienced which by its very nature is a surgical case. 62.

A sensation as if a morsel or bolus of food is stuck in the throat is experienced which by its very nature is a surgical case. 62.

Gala-vidradhi: — Thediseascin whichan extensive swelling occurs along the whole inner lining of the throat, owing to the concerted action of the deranged Vayu, Pittam and Kapham is called Gala-vidradhi which exhibits all the features present in a Vidradhi of the Sanipatika type. Galaugha : — The disease in which a large swelling occurs in the throat so as to completely obstruct the passage of any solid or liquid food and also that of Udana-vayu (choking the pharynx, larynx and the mouth of the esophagus), attended with a high fever is called Galaugha, the origin of which should be ascribed to the action of the deranged blood and Kapham. Svaraghna: -The disease in which the patient faints owing to the choking of the larynx by the deranged Kapham which is marked by stertorous breathing, hoarseness, dryness and paralysed condition of the throat is called Svaraghna which has its origin in the deranged Vayu. 63—65.

IVIanSatana : — The disease in which a pendent, spreading and extremely painful swelling appears in the throat which gradually obstructs the pipe is called Mansatana. It invariably proves fatal and is caused by the deranged Vdyu, Pittam ^nd Kapham 6()

Chap. XVI.] NIDANA STHANAM. til

Vidari : -The disease In which a copper-coloured swelling occurs in the throat, marked by a pricking and burning sensation, and the flesh of the throat gets putrefied and sloughs off (and emits a fetid smell) is called Vidari. The disease is of a Pittaja origin and is found to attack that side of the throat on which the patient is in the habit of lying. 6^.

The disease in the entire cavity: —

Cases which are found to invade the entire cavity of the mouth (without being restricted to any particular part thereof) may be either due to Vataja, Pittaja, Kaphaja or Raktaja type and are known by the general name — Savra-Sara. (i"^.