The Sushruta Samhita — trans. Bhishagratna

Patient-5 in whom purging can be induced only with the greatest difficulty should be first treated with Asthapana. Sneha should again be applied and a strong purgative should then be administered. 8.

Ati-yOga (Over-drugging with purgatives, etc.): — Women, merchants, persons attending a king and pious Brahmanas learned in. the Vedas (S'rotriya) are often subjected to the necessity of repressing their natural urgings of the body towards micturition, etc., out of a sense of delicacy, fear or greed. The Vdyu in their systems remains consequently aggravated and accordingly purgatives fail to easily produce any effect in their organism. Hence their system should be cleansed with purgatives preceded by Sveda (fomentations) and a copious application of Sneha. An over-dose of a purgative or a strong one administered to a person copiously treated with Sneha and Sveda or to one whose bowels are easily moved would exhibit the symptoms of an over-dosage (Ati-yoga) of purgatives.

Excessive emission of Pitta (bile), loss of strength (Bala) and an aggravation and augmentation of the deranged Vdyu follow from the over dosage (Ati-yoga) of an emetic medicine. In such cases, the body of the patient should b^ anointed with clarified butter and he should be bathed in cold water and made to take a lambativef with sugar and honey with a due consideration of the nature and intensity of the Doshas involved. An over-dose of a purgative may bring on excessive

* Dallana says that the system of the patient, in this case, should be cleansed with an emetic or a purgative as the case may be.

t A different reading says that the patient should be fomented with washings of rice mixed with honey.

Chap. XXXIV.] CHIKiTSA STHANAM. 583

emission of Kapha (mucus) mixed even with blood in the end. In this case, too, loss of strength (Bala) and enragement of the bodily Vdyu would be the consequence. The patient in such a case should be sprinkled over with or bathed in very cold water and vomiting should be induced with potions of cold washings of rice mixed with honey. Applications of Fichchhd-vasti and of Anuv^sana enemetas with milk and clarified butter are rccommendc 1. The patient should also be made to drink potions of the washings of rice mixed with the drugs of the Priyaft^vddi gvoup The diet should consist of boiled rice with milk or meat soup. 9-10.

The patient should also be made to drink potions of the washings of rice mixed with the drugs of the Priyaft^vddi gvoup The diet should consist of boiled rice with milk or meat soup. 9-10.

Jivadana (Haemorrhage) due to excessive vomiting : — In the event of an excessive use of an emetic the patient may spit or vomit blood. In such a case the tongue hangs out (of the mouth) and the eyes seem to expand, and numbness of the jaws, thirst, hiccough, fever and faintness are found to supervene. A potion of goat's blood, red Chandana, Us'ira, A.njana and the powders of fried paddy mixed with water and sugar, should be administered in these cases. As an alternative, the patient should be made to take his food in the Peyd form with the expressed juice of fruits (such as the Dadimha, etc.:) and with clarified butter, honey and sugar, or a Peya prepared with the sprouts of Vata, etc. with honey, or one cooked with any drug having ihe power of producing costiveness ; or he should be made to take his food with milk or with the soup of the meat of a Jangala animal. Measures laid down in respect of excessive bleeding or haemorrh.dgc should also be resorted to 11.

In a case of excessive protrusion or hanging down of the tongue, the organ should be rubbed with powdered Trikatu and rock-salt or pasted with a plaster ofp. 584 sesamum and grapes (Drcikshdi and re-introduced into its proper place and position after which some other men should bs made to taste any acid article in the sight of the patient. In a case of the expansion of the eyes they should be rubbed with clarified butter and (gently) pressed. Errhines and fomentations [of the part with drugs) antidotal to the deranged Vayu and Kapha, are recommended in a case of a numbness or catching pain of the jaw-bones in such cases. The other supervening distresses such as thirst, etc, should be treated with appropriate medicinal remedies. A faintness (under the circumstances) should be broken with the (sweet) sounds of a lute or a lyre. 12.

The other supervening distresses such as thirst, etc, should be treated with appropriate medicinal remedies. A faintness (under the circumstances) should be broken with the (sweet) sounds of a lute or a lyre. 12.

Jivsidatua (Haemorrhage) due to excessive purging : - An excess (Ati-yoga) of purging is marked, at the outset, by a flow of watery mucus through the rectum, lesembling the crest of a peacock's plume in colour, This is followed by an emission of shreddy and bloodstreaked mucus resembling the washings of meat, succeeded by an oozing out of actual red blood attended with a shivering, protrusion of the anus and all the supervening distresses of emetics. The treatment in such cases should be as in those of haemorrhage. The protruded anus should be first lubricated (with a Sneha) and subsequently fomented and re-introduced into its proper place or it should be treated according to the directions laid down in the chapter of Kshudra- Roga*. The shivering should be treated with remedies laid down in connection with Vata-vyadhi. Remedies in cases of a protrusion of the tongue, etc., have been already described. Milk boiled (according to the K^^hirapdka-vidhi) with Kds'mari fruit, Vadari fruit, Us' it aChap. XXXIV.] CHIKITSA STHANAM. 58$ and Durvd grass subsequently cooled and mixed with the cream of clarified butter and Anjana, should be syringed into the rectum in the manner of an Asthdpana-Vasti in the case of an excessive flow of red blood (lit. life-blood) from the bowels. Vasti should be employed in such cases, with a decoction of the drugs of the Nyagrodhddi group mixed with milk, clarified butter, expressed juice of sugar-cane and (goat's) blood. Remedies mentioned under haemoptysis (Raktapitta) and bloody dysentery should be employed in cases marked by spitting of life-blood (Jiva-sonita). Decoctions of the drugs of the Nyagrodhddi gvou"^ should be given with food and drink. 13.

* The remedial measures for the treatment of Guda-bhrams'a, etc., under the Kshudra-Roga, should be employed in such cases.

Jiva-^onita, how to be known :— A