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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1The cost of this latter is said to be 350 rupis (see Byt. II, 59 n). Occasionally a still more onerous celebration is said to be incumbent on such women as can afford it (see Chap. LXVI). 7 Lp has ‘the spirits,’ and Bzg has ‘ mankind.’ 304 SAD DAR. as regards the stars. 10. The third on account of that which? has occurred as regards the sun. II. The fourth on account of that which has occurred as regards the moon. 12. The fifth on account of that which has occurred as regards the spirit of fire. 13. The sixth on account of that which has occurred as regards the spirit of water. 14. The seventh on account of that which has occurred as regards the spirit of earth. 15. The eighth on account of that which has occurred as regards the spirit of the wind. 16. The ninth on account of that which has occurred as regards Khurda@*. 17. The tenth on account of the offence that has occurred as regards Ameredad’. 18. The eleventh on account of the offence that has occurred as regards meal-time (‘Aurdak gah)*. 19. The twelfth on account of the offence that has occurred as regards bodily refuse axd dead matter. 20. Therefore it is incumbent on every one 2x this manner’; if any one be more opulent eighteen ceremonials are indispensable, and if she has silver in excess (ba-ghayat) there should be twenty-one, and in one place I have read that twenty-four are indispensable; but, for lesser people, this that I have noted is necessary. 21. That which they provide in ¢her lifetime is better*; and, just as would occur when any one 1 B2g has ‘the rain.’ * Lp, Bzg use the same form of words in §§ 10-16 as in §§ 8, 9. ® See Mkh. II, 34. * Doubtful, and not understood by the Gugar4ti translator. ® Lp, Bzg have ‘thus much.’ * The author evidently implies, by this paragraph, that the celebration of these ceremonials was only occasional, perhaps once in a lifetime, but the earlier the better, so as to admit of a larger growth of merit before death. CHAPTER XLI, IG—XLII, 5. 305 plants a tree anew, and is eating the fruit of it every year, even so much is that good work increasing every year. 22. If she shall live ten years, or ifa hundred years, even so long it is becoming every year much more}. 23. If they provide 7¢ after her lifetime, that which would be the increase departs ; and in her lifetime, also, that occurs which every one, who #as done a duty on his own account, has seen, that ¢he thing itself which others accomplish after his 4fe¢zme is very different; so that she should provide z¢ with her own hands, not after her decease (vafat). CuarpTer XLII. 1. The forty-second subject is this, that it is necessary to practise strict abstinence fvom that sin which affects accusers*, 2. That would be when any one slanders (buht4nad)’, or any one commits a rape on the wife of some one‘, or causes a woman to occupy a separate bed from her own husband.
21. The forty-second subject is this, that it is necessary to practise strict abstinence fvom that sin which affects accusers*, 2. That would be when any one slanders (buht4nad)’, or any one commits a rape on the wife of some one‘, or causes a woman to occupy a separate bed from her own husband. 3. These are sins for which there is no retribution, except when thou beggest forgiveness of that person whom thy sin has assailed. 4. Afterwards, they keep back the soul, a¢ the Kinvad bridge, till the time when its antagonist arrives and exacts justice from it; then it obtains release. 5. Every time that any one applies a falsehood or a slander to some person, so that feop/e are after- 1 Lp, Bzg have ‘it is proceeding every year to a head.’ * Any sin that injures another party who, thereupon, becomes an accuser and must be satisfied, by atonement, before the sin can be expiated (see Sls. VIII, 1 n). 5 Lp, B2g have ‘ applies falsehood and slander to any one.’ * See Chap. LXIII, 11. Lp omits these twelve words. [24] x 306 SAD DAR. wards telling that falsehood again, and it vexes the heart of that person, they are bringing punishment ever anew on the soul of that former one. 6. The sin does not depart through ¢he performance of duties and good works, so long as he does not make 4zs antagonist satisfied, 4. This is a grave sin, and it is requisite to be careful that they do not commit 27. CuarTer XLIII. 1. The forty-third subject is this, that it is necessary to make an endeavour to kill noxious creatures and reptiles (‘hasarAt) of the earth; because, in - revelation!, it is put forth as a great good work. 2. Especially these five things :—One is the frog in the water, the second is the snake and scorpion, the third is the ant (mar4is)* that flies, the fourth is the common ant (mérzah), and the fifth is the mouse. 3. Therefore*, every time that they bring a frog up, out of the water, and make z¢ dry, and, after (ba’hd) that, kill it, it is a good work of a thousand azd two hundred dirhams zm weight‘. 4. And every time that they kill a snake, and recite the Avesta that is appointed for that occasion'®, it is 1 See Vend. XIV, 9-17, XVIII, 144-146. “2 Tf markis were Pahlavi, it would mean ‘the deadly thing.’ Possibly ‘the locust’ (mala‘z) is meant, but the description in § 6 is rather perplexing. 5 Lp omits ‘therefore,’ and Bzg has ‘ and.’ * See Chap. XII, 9g n. The frog is considered noxious because it is supposed to injure the water, being generally found in stagnant pools which are unwholesome. 5 An Avesta passage of about thirty words, to be used on such occasions, is to be found in the Rivayats, but is still unedited. CHAPTER XLII, 6—-XLIV, 2. 307
3The frog is considered noxious because it is supposed to injure the water, being generally found in stagnant pools which are unwholesome. 5 An Avesta passage of about thirty words, to be used on such occasions, is to be found in the Rivayats, but is still unedited. CHAPTER XLII, 6—-XLIV, 2. 307 just as though they have slain an apostate (Ashmég/). 5. For every one who kills a yng ant (mar&is) it is as much good work as for any one who is reciting. inward prayer for ten days. . 6. Among the creatures of Aharman nothing whatever is more harmful than this; for, if it dies in the air (hava) it becomes’a gnat, if it dies in the dust it becomes a worm, if it dies in the water it becomes a leech’, if it dies among the excavators of flesh it becomes.a:venomous snake (m4r-i af’hait), and if it dies in dung it becomes creeping ¢hings. 7. For every one who kills a corndragging ant it is as much good work as for any one who recites.the Hérmazd Yast. 8. And for every one who kills many noxious creatures it is as much good work as fora priest who performs the ceremonial of the sacred beings; both good works are equal. 9. For every one who kills a mouse it is as much good work as zf four lions are killed*. ro. Therefore, it is incumbent on every one to make aneffort to kill a noxious creature, CuapTerR XLIV. 1. The forty-fourth subject is this, that it is not desirable for those of the good religion, so far as they are able to manage 7#, to put a bare foot upon the ground’, because it is a sin, and injury* occurs to Spendérmad §, the archangel. 2. And they call that the sin of running adout uncovered. 1 Bz2g has ‘hedgehog.’ * Ants and mice (or rats) are considered noxious on account of the damage they do to certain crops and farmers’ stores. 5 See Sls. X, 12. ¢ Lp has only ‘ because injury.’ 5 See Chap. XXXII, 2 n. ; , X 2 308 SAD DAR. CuapPTrer XLV. 1. The forty-fifth subject is this, that it is con-. tinually necessary that people should keep in remembrance the accomplishment of repentance (tadbat). 2. Every time that a sin leaps from control it is necessary to act so that they go before the priests, high-priests, and spiritual chiefs, and accomplish repentance. 3. And! in accordance with the sin séou/d be the good work, just as though the good work were due to that occasion when they accomplish z#. 4. While mankind are living, it becomes every year a further benefit. 5. Sin is also, a like manner, going on to a head every year; and when they accomplish repentance, so that it may not increase further, it is just like a tree that becomes withered, and they extirpate its further growth.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1The cost of this latter is said to be 350 rupis (see Byt. II, 59 n). Occasionally a still more onerous celebration is said to be incumbent on such women as can afford it (see Chap. LXVI). 7 Lp has ‘the spirits,’ and Bzg has ‘ mankind.’ 304 SAD DAR. as regards the stars. 10. The third on account of that which? has occurred as regards the sun. II. The fourth on account of that which has occurred as regards the moon. 12. The fifth on account of that which has occurred as regards the spirit of fire. 13. The sixth on account of that which has occurred as regards the spirit of water. 14. The seventh on account of that which has occurred as regards the spirit of earth. 15. The eighth on account of that which has occurred as regards the spirit of the wind. 16. The ninth on account of that which has occurred as regards Khurda@*. 17. The tenth on account of the offence that has occurred as regards Ameredad’. 18. The eleventh on account of the offence that has occurred as regards meal-time (‘Aurdak gah)*. 19. The twelfth on account of the offence that has occurred as regards bodily refuse axd dead matter. 20. Therefore it is incumbent on every one 2x this manner’; if any one be more opulent eighteen ceremonials are indispensable, and if she has silver in excess (ba-ghayat) there should be twenty-one, and in one place I have read that twenty-four are indispensable; but, for lesser people, this that I have noted is necessary. 21. That which they provide in ¢her lifetime is better*; and, just as would occur when any one 1 B2g has ‘the rain.’ * Lp, Bzg use the same form of words in §§ 10-16 as in §§ 8, 9. ® See Mkh. II, 34. * Doubtful, and not understood by the Gugar4ti translator. ® Lp, Bzg have ‘thus much.’ * The author evidently implies, by this paragraph, that the celebration of these ceremonials was only occasional, perhaps once in a lifetime, but the earlier the better, so as to admit of a larger growth of merit before death. CHAPTER XLI, IG—XLII, 5. 305 plants a tree anew, and is eating the fruit of it every year, even so much is that good work increasing every year. 22. If she shall live ten years, or ifa hundred years, even so long it is becoming every year much more}. 23. If they provide 7¢ after her lifetime, that which would be the increase departs ; and in her lifetime, also, that occurs which every one, who #as done a duty on his own account, has seen, that ¢he thing itself which others accomplish after his 4fe¢zme is very different; so that she should provide z¢ with her own hands, not after her decease (vafat). CuarpTer XLII. 1. The forty-second subject is this, that it is necessary to practise strict abstinence fvom that sin which affects accusers*, 2. That would be when any one slanders (buht4nad)’, or any one commits a rape on the wife of some one‘, or causes a woman to occupy a separate bed from her own husband.
21. The forty-second subject is this, that it is necessary to practise strict abstinence fvom that sin which affects accusers*, 2. That would be when any one slanders (buht4nad)’, or any one commits a rape on the wife of some one‘, or causes a woman to occupy a separate bed from her own husband. 3. These are sins for which there is no retribution, except when thou beggest forgiveness of that person whom thy sin has assailed. 4. Afterwards, they keep back the soul, a¢ the Kinvad bridge, till the time when its antagonist arrives and exacts justice from it; then it obtains release. 5. Every time that any one applies a falsehood or a slander to some person, so that feop/e are after- 1 Lp, Bzg have ‘it is proceeding every year to a head.’ * Any sin that injures another party who, thereupon, becomes an accuser and must be satisfied, by atonement, before the sin can be expiated (see Sls. VIII, 1 n). 5 Lp, B2g have ‘ applies falsehood and slander to any one.’ * See Chap. LXIII, 11. Lp omits these twelve words. [24] x 306 SAD DAR. wards telling that falsehood again, and it vexes the heart of that person, they are bringing punishment ever anew on the soul of that former one. 6. The sin does not depart through ¢he performance of duties and good works, so long as he does not make 4zs antagonist satisfied, 4. This is a grave sin, and it is requisite to be careful that they do not commit 27. CuarTer XLIII. 1. The forty-third subject is this, that it is necessary to make an endeavour to kill noxious creatures and reptiles (‘hasarAt) of the earth; because, in - revelation!, it is put forth as a great good work. 2. Especially these five things :—One is the frog in the water, the second is the snake and scorpion, the third is the ant (mar4is)* that flies, the fourth is the common ant (mérzah), and the fifth is the mouse. 3. Therefore*, every time that they bring a frog up, out of the water, and make z¢ dry, and, after (ba’hd) that, kill it, it is a good work of a thousand azd two hundred dirhams zm weight‘. 4. And every time that they kill a snake, and recite the Avesta that is appointed for that occasion'®, it is 1 See Vend. XIV, 9-17, XVIII, 144-146. “2 Tf markis were Pahlavi, it would mean ‘the deadly thing.’ Possibly ‘the locust’ (mala‘z) is meant, but the description in § 6 is rather perplexing. 5 Lp omits ‘therefore,’ and Bzg has ‘ and.’ * See Chap. XII, 9g n. The frog is considered noxious because it is supposed to injure the water, being generally found in stagnant pools which are unwholesome. 5 An Avesta passage of about thirty words, to be used on such occasions, is to be found in the Rivayats, but is still unedited. CHAPTER XLII, 6—-XLIV, 2. 307
3The frog is considered noxious because it is supposed to injure the water, being generally found in stagnant pools which are unwholesome. 5 An Avesta passage of about thirty words, to be used on such occasions, is to be found in the Rivayats, but is still unedited. CHAPTER XLII, 6—-XLIV, 2. 307 just as though they have slain an apostate (Ashmég/). 5. For every one who kills a yng ant (mar&is) it is as much good work as for any one who is reciting. inward prayer for ten days. . 6. Among the creatures of Aharman nothing whatever is more harmful than this; for, if it dies in the air (hava) it becomes’a gnat, if it dies in the dust it becomes a worm, if it dies in the water it becomes a leech’, if it dies among the excavators of flesh it becomes.a:venomous snake (m4r-i af’hait), and if it dies in dung it becomes creeping ¢hings. 7. For every one who kills a corndragging ant it is as much good work as for any one who recites.the Hérmazd Yast. 8. And for every one who kills many noxious creatures it is as much good work as fora priest who performs the ceremonial of the sacred beings; both good works are equal. 9. For every one who kills a mouse it is as much good work as zf four lions are killed*. ro. Therefore, it is incumbent on every one to make aneffort to kill a noxious creature, CuapTerR XLIV. 1. The forty-fourth subject is this, that it is not desirable for those of the good religion, so far as they are able to manage 7#, to put a bare foot upon the ground’, because it is a sin, and injury* occurs to Spendérmad §, the archangel. 2. And they call that the sin of running adout uncovered. 1 Bz2g has ‘hedgehog.’ * Ants and mice (or rats) are considered noxious on account of the damage they do to certain crops and farmers’ stores. 5 See Sls. X, 12. ¢ Lp has only ‘ because injury.’ 5 See Chap. XXXII, 2 n. ; , X 2 308 SAD DAR. CuapPTrer XLV. 1. The forty-fifth subject is this, that it is con-. tinually necessary that people should keep in remembrance the accomplishment of repentance (tadbat). 2. Every time that a sin leaps from control it is necessary to act so that they go before the priests, high-priests, and spiritual chiefs, and accomplish repentance. 3. And! in accordance with the sin séou/d be the good work, just as though the good work were due to that occasion when they accomplish z#. 4. While mankind are living, it becomes every year a further benefit. 5. Sin is also, a like manner, going on to a head every year; and when they accomplish repentance, so that it may not increase further, it is just like a tree that becomes withered, and they extirpate its further growth.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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