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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
14. And, if any guestton as to proper and improper comes forward, he speaks with that high-priest, so that he may tell him zz reply. 5. When the instructions of these three persons are brought to pass, carrying ov¢ the commands of the sacred being is accomplished. 6. Especially the instructions of the high-priests, because their satisfaction is connected with the satisfaction of the sacred being; and the high-priests possess so much dignity (martabat) zz the presence of the sacred being, the good amd propitious, that they are quite able to forgive amy trivial one of the sins of mankind’, and Hérmazd, the good and_ propitious, quickly® forgives that sin for the high-priest. 7. 1 La, Lp have ‘ancients,’ but this seems inconsistent with § 2. ? La has ‘ancestor,’ having read ba-niy4h instead of panah. * Lp, Bzg, Jr5 add ‘and they may provide health of body and safety.’ * Lp, Bzg, J15 have ‘that they may furnish him.’ 5 Lp, Bzg insert ‘if.’ ® Lp, B2g have ‘it is necessary,’ ™ B2g has ‘to forgive one-third of the sins which mankind commit.’ * Lp has ‘likewise.’ [24] u 290 SAD DAR. Therefore, carrying ou¢ the commands of the highpriests becomes! incumbent on every one; and the fulfilment of this maxim is de¢éer than ¢hat of a whole assemblage of maxims. CuapTer XXVII. 1, The twenty-seventh subject is this, that is, if any affair comes forward, that they shoudd thoroughly understand? whether it be a good work, or a sin. 2. In that manner it becomes better that they make an evasion on the spot’, until a time when they make z¢ known with accuracy‘ that that affair is a sin ora reward. 3. If they perform any affair without knowing zs, although it be a good work, it becomes a sin for them. 4. For it is declared in revelation, that, except that which they enquire of the high-priests, no affair whatever is proper to perform. 5. Whatever wisdom there be for any one from his own head is only one; then, as two wisdoms are more than one, it therefore makes z¢ expedient to enquire of the high-priests. Cuarpter XXVIII. 1. The twenty-eighth subject is this, that, when they teach the Avesta, it is zz like manner neces- 1 Lp, Bzg have ‘is.’ * Lp has ‘that they should be told,’ and Bzg has ‘that one should realise.’ 5 See Sls. X, 25, 27. “ Lp adds ‘and truly,’ and Bzg has ‘make known /ha? it is false or true.’ * Lp, Bzg omit these eight words. CHAPTER XXVII, I-XXIX, 3. 291 sary that they teach z¢ properly and truly, avd recite z¢ with deliberation and composure (sAkint). 2. And it is necessary for those who are taught to recite z¢ connectedly, and to keep z¢ ever zz remembrance.
2it is false or true.’ * Lp, Bzg omit these eight words. CHAPTER XXVII, I-XXIX, 3. 291 sary that they teach z¢ properly and truly, avd recite z¢ with deliberation and composure (sAkint). 2. And it is necessary for those who are taught to recite z¢ connectedly, and to keep z¢ ever zz remembrance. 3. For it is declared in revelation, that the sacred being Aas decreed thus: ‘As ¢o every one who puts the Avesta away from #zs memory, I wd put his ‘soul as far from heaven as the width of the earth.’ 4. And in the commentary of the Avesta it is related ‘that, in former times, as ¢o any one who had been taught the Avesta and had put z¢ away from sis memory, until the time he had again made 7¢ easy, they would have given him bread like that which they give to the dogs. 5. Axd zm another place I have read that they would have given bread to him o on m the point of a spear. CHAPTER X XIX. 1. The twenty-ninth subject is this, that, when they provide any munificence (sa‘Z4vat) or liberality, it is necessary that they provide z¢ for. the worthy; and ove zs to consider thus: ‘Is this person, to whom I am giving this thing, worthy or not ?’ 2. Therefore it is necessary to make an effort, so that they may not give to the unworthy. 3. For in revelation, as regards? that person who provides any munificence for the unworthy, they call 2¢ a vain work and a gift without advantage; and day by day 2¢ is® 1 Compare Chap. XCVIII, 3. 3 Lp, Bzg have ‘for in the good religion it is declared,’ > Lp, B2g have ‘it increases.’ U2 292 SAD DAR. the punishment and torment of that person. 4. And, whatever they give to the unworthy, they have made that thing extinct. CuarpTteR XXX. 1. The thirtieth subject is this, that it is not proper to pour away water at night, especially from the northern side (g4nib) which would be the worst?. 2. Therefore, if it become a necessity in the end (ba-‘Zatam)?, it is requisite to recite one Yathaahi-vairy63, and, when they make a light ready (hAgir)*, to pour away the water gently. 3. Zn like manner it is not proper to swallow water at night, because it is a sin. 4. But, if a necessity arises, it is necessary to make a light ready, and one first eats some morsels of food (¢a’hAm) so that the sin may be less. CuarTterR XX XI. 1. The thirty-first subject is this, that, every time they eat bread, it is necessary to withhold three morsels from their own bodies, and to give chem to a dog. 2. And it is not desirable to beat a dog. 3. For, of the poor no one whatever is poorer than * Lp has ‘side it would be,’ to which B2g adds ‘bold. The reason of the impropriety is that the demons are supposed to come from the north, and anything thrown out northwards might be of use to them (see Sls. X, 7, XII, 18, 19). 2 Bag has ‘necessity to pour.’ 5 See Mkh. XXVII, 7o n. * Lp, B29 omit these seven words. Both the recitation and light are supposed to frighten away any demons, CHAPTER XXIX, 4-XXXII, 3. 293
3X, 7, XII, 18, 19). 2 Bag has ‘necessity to pour.’ 5 See Mkh. XXVII, 7o n. * Lp, B29 omit these seven words. Both the recitation and light are supposed to frighten away any demons, CHAPTER XXIX, 4-XXXII, 3. 293 a dog, and it is necessary to give a tethered anzmal bread, because the good work is great. 4. And in revelation it is declared in this manner, that, if a dog is asleep upon the road, it is not proper that they put a foot violently on the ground, so that he becomes awake. 5. And, in former times, an allowance (r4tib) of bread would have been made every day for the sake of the dogs, three times in summer azd twice in winter, on this account, that one wishes ¢hem to come to the assistance of his soul at the Kinvad bridge. 6. In the worldly exzstence they are the guard of men and cattle. 7. If there had not been a dog they would not have been able to keep a single sheep. 8. Every time that he barks, just as his bark goes forth, the demons and fiends run away from the place. CuapteR XXXII. 1. The thirty-second subject is this, that, when a hen utters a crow in a house, or the cock crows unseasonably, it is desirable that they do not kill it!, and do not consider z# a bad habit (fa’hl). 2. Because it is uttering that crow for the reason that a fiend has found a way into that house, and the hen or the cock, alone, does not possess the power (¢Aqat) that would keep the fiend away from that house, and the hen is going to give the cock assistance, and utters the crow. 3. Therefore, if any time the chance (ittifaq) happens in that manner, it is requisite to bring another cock, so that they 1 See Sls. X, 30. 294 SAD DAR. may drive away that fiend through the assistance of one another. 4. And if a cock crows unseasonably it is likewise not desirable to kill 24, because the reason may be this which I have stated. 5. For it is declared in the good religion, that there is a fiend whom they call Ség', and, in every house where an infant exists, that fend strives that she may cause some misfortune to come upon that house. 6. So it is necessary that they should keep a cock om the watch for her, so that it may smite that fiend and force her to the road away from that house. CHAPTER XXXIII. 1. The thirty-third subject is this, that, when ¢here is a place and any risk or fear exists that a-corpse? is concealed beneath the ground, one zs to make z¢ apparent and visible’, because it is a great good work. 2. For it is declared in the good religion, that, when they conceal a corpse beneath the ground, Spendarmad'‘, the archangel, shudders; it is just as severe aS a serpent or scorpion would be to any one in private sleep, and i is also just like that to the ground. 3. When thou makest a corpse 1 Av, ithyég6, Pers. sif. In Pahl. Vend. XIX, 4, 6 she is said to be ‘a secret-moving deceiver ;’ in Bd. XXVIII, 26 she is said to ‘cause annihilation.’ * Or ‘dead matter.’ 5 Bzg has ‘it is necessary to make z¢ apparent.’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
14. And, if any guestton as to proper and improper comes forward, he speaks with that high-priest, so that he may tell him zz reply. 5. When the instructions of these three persons are brought to pass, carrying ov¢ the commands of the sacred being is accomplished. 6. Especially the instructions of the high-priests, because their satisfaction is connected with the satisfaction of the sacred being; and the high-priests possess so much dignity (martabat) zz the presence of the sacred being, the good amd propitious, that they are quite able to forgive amy trivial one of the sins of mankind’, and Hérmazd, the good and_ propitious, quickly® forgives that sin for the high-priest. 7. 1 La, Lp have ‘ancients,’ but this seems inconsistent with § 2. ? La has ‘ancestor,’ having read ba-niy4h instead of panah. * Lp, Bzg, Jr5 add ‘and they may provide health of body and safety.’ * Lp, Bzg, J15 have ‘that they may furnish him.’ 5 Lp, Bzg insert ‘if.’ ® Lp, B2g have ‘it is necessary,’ ™ B2g has ‘to forgive one-third of the sins which mankind commit.’ * Lp has ‘likewise.’ [24] u 290 SAD DAR. Therefore, carrying ou¢ the commands of the highpriests becomes! incumbent on every one; and the fulfilment of this maxim is de¢éer than ¢hat of a whole assemblage of maxims. CuapTer XXVII. 1, The twenty-seventh subject is this, that is, if any affair comes forward, that they shoudd thoroughly understand? whether it be a good work, or a sin. 2. In that manner it becomes better that they make an evasion on the spot’, until a time when they make z¢ known with accuracy‘ that that affair is a sin ora reward. 3. If they perform any affair without knowing zs, although it be a good work, it becomes a sin for them. 4. For it is declared in revelation, that, except that which they enquire of the high-priests, no affair whatever is proper to perform. 5. Whatever wisdom there be for any one from his own head is only one; then, as two wisdoms are more than one, it therefore makes z¢ expedient to enquire of the high-priests. Cuarpter XXVIII. 1. The twenty-eighth subject is this, that, when they teach the Avesta, it is zz like manner neces- 1 Lp, Bzg have ‘is.’ * Lp has ‘that they should be told,’ and Bzg has ‘that one should realise.’ 5 See Sls. X, 25, 27. “ Lp adds ‘and truly,’ and Bzg has ‘make known /ha? it is false or true.’ * Lp, Bzg omit these eight words. CHAPTER XXVII, I-XXIX, 3. 291 sary that they teach z¢ properly and truly, avd recite z¢ with deliberation and composure (sAkint). 2. And it is necessary for those who are taught to recite z¢ connectedly, and to keep z¢ ever zz remembrance.
2it is false or true.’ * Lp, Bzg omit these eight words. CHAPTER XXVII, I-XXIX, 3. 291 sary that they teach z¢ properly and truly, avd recite z¢ with deliberation and composure (sAkint). 2. And it is necessary for those who are taught to recite z¢ connectedly, and to keep z¢ ever zz remembrance. 3. For it is declared in revelation, that the sacred being Aas decreed thus: ‘As ¢o every one who puts the Avesta away from #zs memory, I wd put his ‘soul as far from heaven as the width of the earth.’ 4. And in the commentary of the Avesta it is related ‘that, in former times, as ¢o any one who had been taught the Avesta and had put z¢ away from sis memory, until the time he had again made 7¢ easy, they would have given him bread like that which they give to the dogs. 5. Axd zm another place I have read that they would have given bread to him o on m the point of a spear. CHAPTER X XIX. 1. The twenty-ninth subject is this, that, when they provide any munificence (sa‘Z4vat) or liberality, it is necessary that they provide z¢ for. the worthy; and ove zs to consider thus: ‘Is this person, to whom I am giving this thing, worthy or not ?’ 2. Therefore it is necessary to make an effort, so that they may not give to the unworthy. 3. For in revelation, as regards? that person who provides any munificence for the unworthy, they call 2¢ a vain work and a gift without advantage; and day by day 2¢ is® 1 Compare Chap. XCVIII, 3. 3 Lp, Bzg have ‘for in the good religion it is declared,’ > Lp, B2g have ‘it increases.’ U2 292 SAD DAR. the punishment and torment of that person. 4. And, whatever they give to the unworthy, they have made that thing extinct. CuarpTteR XXX. 1. The thirtieth subject is this, that it is not proper to pour away water at night, especially from the northern side (g4nib) which would be the worst?. 2. Therefore, if it become a necessity in the end (ba-‘Zatam)?, it is requisite to recite one Yathaahi-vairy63, and, when they make a light ready (hAgir)*, to pour away the water gently. 3. Zn like manner it is not proper to swallow water at night, because it is a sin. 4. But, if a necessity arises, it is necessary to make a light ready, and one first eats some morsels of food (¢a’hAm) so that the sin may be less. CuarTterR XX XI. 1. The thirty-first subject is this, that, every time they eat bread, it is necessary to withhold three morsels from their own bodies, and to give chem to a dog. 2. And it is not desirable to beat a dog. 3. For, of the poor no one whatever is poorer than * Lp has ‘side it would be,’ to which B2g adds ‘bold. The reason of the impropriety is that the demons are supposed to come from the north, and anything thrown out northwards might be of use to them (see Sls. X, 7, XII, 18, 19). 2 Bag has ‘necessity to pour.’ 5 See Mkh. XXVII, 7o n. * Lp, B29 omit these seven words. Both the recitation and light are supposed to frighten away any demons, CHAPTER XXIX, 4-XXXII, 3. 293
3X, 7, XII, 18, 19). 2 Bag has ‘necessity to pour.’ 5 See Mkh. XXVII, 7o n. * Lp, B29 omit these seven words. Both the recitation and light are supposed to frighten away any demons, CHAPTER XXIX, 4-XXXII, 3. 293 a dog, and it is necessary to give a tethered anzmal bread, because the good work is great. 4. And in revelation it is declared in this manner, that, if a dog is asleep upon the road, it is not proper that they put a foot violently on the ground, so that he becomes awake. 5. And, in former times, an allowance (r4tib) of bread would have been made every day for the sake of the dogs, three times in summer azd twice in winter, on this account, that one wishes ¢hem to come to the assistance of his soul at the Kinvad bridge. 6. In the worldly exzstence they are the guard of men and cattle. 7. If there had not been a dog they would not have been able to keep a single sheep. 8. Every time that he barks, just as his bark goes forth, the demons and fiends run away from the place. CuapteR XXXII. 1. The thirty-second subject is this, that, when a hen utters a crow in a house, or the cock crows unseasonably, it is desirable that they do not kill it!, and do not consider z# a bad habit (fa’hl). 2. Because it is uttering that crow for the reason that a fiend has found a way into that house, and the hen or the cock, alone, does not possess the power (¢Aqat) that would keep the fiend away from that house, and the hen is going to give the cock assistance, and utters the crow. 3. Therefore, if any time the chance (ittifaq) happens in that manner, it is requisite to bring another cock, so that they 1 See Sls. X, 30. 294 SAD DAR. may drive away that fiend through the assistance of one another. 4. And if a cock crows unseasonably it is likewise not desirable to kill 24, because the reason may be this which I have stated. 5. For it is declared in the good religion, that there is a fiend whom they call Ség', and, in every house where an infant exists, that fend strives that she may cause some misfortune to come upon that house. 6. So it is necessary that they should keep a cock om the watch for her, so that it may smite that fiend and force her to the road away from that house. CHAPTER XXXIII. 1. The thirty-third subject is this, that, when ¢here is a place and any risk or fear exists that a-corpse? is concealed beneath the ground, one zs to make z¢ apparent and visible’, because it is a great good work. 2. For it is declared in the good religion, that, when they conceal a corpse beneath the ground, Spendarmad'‘, the archangel, shudders; it is just as severe aS a serpent or scorpion would be to any one in private sleep, and i is also just like that to the ground. 3. When thou makest a corpse 1 Av, ithyég6, Pers. sif. In Pahl. Vend. XIX, 4, 6 she is said to be ‘a secret-moving deceiver ;’ in Bd. XXVIII, 26 she is said to ‘cause annihilation.’ * Or ‘dead matter.’ 5 Bzg has ‘it is necessary to make z¢ apparent.’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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