Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
15 For.dén vazlfinéd, ‘he goes in,’ Lrg has azdar zréved, indicating that the first letter, va, of vazlanéd had been omitted in the Pahl. MS. used by Nér., which misled him into reading the remaining letters as a new Paz. verb zréved, as already remarked by Néldeke in Gét. gel. Anz. 1882, p. 975. ‘ These are the three uppermost grades of hell, dis-himat, dfis-hakht, and dfis-hfvarst (see Chap. VII, 20). CHAPTER II, 175-197. 25 wicked evil spirit and the other demons’. 184. And the demons make ridicule and mockery of him (185) thus: “What was thy trouble and complaint, as regards Afharmazd, the lord, and the archangels, and the fragrant and joyful heaven, when thou approachedst for a sight of Aharman and the demons and gloomy hell, (186) although we cause thee misery therein and do not pity, and thou shalt see misery of long duration ?” 187. ‘And the evil spirit shouts to the demons (188) thus: “ Ask ye no tidings from him (189) who is parted from * that which was a precious body, and has come on by that which is a very bad road. 190. But bring ye unto him the foulest and vilest of eatables, the food which is nurtured in hell.” 191. ‘They bring the poison and venom of? the ~ snake and scorpion and other noxious creatures that are in hell, (192) and give him to eat. 193. And until the resurrection and future existence he must be in hell, in much misery and punishment of various kinds‘. 194. Especially that it is possible to eat food there only as though by similitude 5’ 195. The spirit of innate wisdom spoke to the sage (196) thus: ‘This which was asked by thee, as to the maintenance of the body axd concerning the preservation of the soul, is also spoken about by me, and thou art admonished. 197. Be virtuously 1 In the lowermost grade of hell (see Chap. VII, 21). 2 Lig has ‘ for Ae Aas parted from,’ as in § 151. 5 Lig has ‘and.’ * Lrg has ‘he is in much misery and punishment of kinds worthy of hell.’ 5 So that starvation is one of the punishments of hell. Lrg has ‘and especially that the food there can be only like putrid blood.’ 26 pinA-t MA{N6G-? KHIRAD. assiduous about it, and keep z¢ in practice; (198) for this is thy chief way for the maintenance of the body and preservation of the soul.’ Cuapter III. 1. The sage asked the spirit of wisdom (2) thus: ‘Is liberality good, or truth’, (3) or gratitude %, or wisdom, (4) or complete mindfulness, or contentment ?’ 5. The spirit of wisdom answered (6) thus: ‘As to the soul z¢ zs liberality, as to all the world z¢ zs truth, (7) unto the sacred beings z¢ zs gratitude, as to a man’s self z¢ zs wisdom, (8) as to all business zt zs complete mindfulness, and as to the comfort of the body and the vanquishing of Aharman and the demons contentment is good.’ Cuapter IV. 1. The sage asked the spirit of wisdom (2) thus: ‘Which is a good work ¢hat zs great and good ?’
21. The sage asked the spirit of wisdom (2) thus: ‘Which is a good work ¢hat zs great and good ?’ 3. The spirit of wisdom answered (4) thus: ‘The greatest good work is liberality, and the second is truth and next-of-kin marriage®. 5. The third is 1 K43 has ‘or thy truth.’ 2 Lig has ‘or is gratitude. good.’ 5 Lig has ‘or is complete mindfulness good.’ * Literally, ‘the body of a man.’ 5 This was the meaning of the term khvétik-das when this work was written, but some centuries ago such marriages were discontinued, and the term was then confined to marriages between first cousins, as at present (see Sacred Books of the East, vol. xviii, app. III). CHAPTER II, 198-V, 5. 27 keeping the season festivals}, ad the fourth is celebrating all the religious rites’. 6. The fifth is the ceremonial of the sacred beings, and the providing of lodging for traders*. 7. The sixth is the wishing of happiness for every one. 8. And the seventh is a kind regard for the good *.’ CHAPTER V. 1. The sage asked the spirit of wisdom (2) thus: . ‘Which land is the happier ?’ 3. The spirit of wisdom answered (4) thus : ‘That land is the happier, in which a righteous man, who is true-speaking, makes his abode. 5. The second, 1 Of which there are six, each held for five days. These Gas4nbars or Gahambars end, respectively, on the 45th, rosth, 18oth, zroth, 2goth, and 365th days of the Parsi year; and when that year was fixed to begin at the vernal equinox, they celebrated the periods of midspring, midsummer, the beginning of autumn, the beginning of winter, midwinter, and the beginning of spring (see Sls. XVIII, 3). In modern times they have been supposed to commemorate the several creations of the sky, water, earth, vegetation, animals, and man; but this idea must have been borrowed from a foreign source. * The periodical ceremonies which are obligatory for all Parsis (see Dd. XLIV, 2n). 5 Literally, ‘for the producers of business.’ ‘ That is, for the priests) The Parsi-Persian version divides these good works into nine items, by counting ‘next-of-kin marriage’ as the third, and ‘ providing of lodging’ as the seventh. For a fuller detail of good works, see Chap. XXXVII. 5 This chapter is an imitation of Vend. III, 1-20, where it is stated that the five most pleasing spots on the earth are, first, where a righteous man performs ceremonies; second, where he has built his house and keeps his fire, cattle, family, and retainers ; third, where the land is best cultivated; fourth, where most oxen and sheep are produced; and fifth, that which is most manured by oxen and sheep, 28 pinA-f MAiNéc-f KHIRAD.
3in which they make the abode of fires. 6. The third, when oxen and sheep repose upon it. 7. The fourth is uncultivated and uninhabited land when they bring z¢ back to cultivation and habitableness. 8. The fifth, from which they extirpate the burrows of noxious creatures. 9. The sixth, on which exist the ceremonies and coming of the sacred beings, and the sitting of the good'. 10. The seventh, when they make populous that which was desolate. 11. The eighth, when from the possession of the bad it comes into the possession of the good. 12. The ninth, when of the produce and yield (béd6) which arise from it they provide the share of the sacred beings, the good, and the worthy. 13. Aud the tenth, in which they provide holy-water and ceremonies.’ Cuapter VI. 1. The sage asked the spirit of wisdom (2) thus: ‘Which land is the unhappier ? ?’ 3. The spirit of wisdom answered (4) thus: ‘ That land is the more afflicted, in which hell is formed °. 5. The second, when they slay in it a righteous man who is innocent. 6. The third, for whose sake+ ' That is, the ceremonial precinct where the priests sit to conduct the ceremonies. 2 This chapter is an imitation of Vend. HI, 21-37, where it is stated that the five most unpleasing spots on the earth are, first, the ridge of Arez(ira, on which the demons congregate from the pit of the fiend; second, where most dead dogs and men lie buried ; third, where most depositories for the dead are constructed ; fourth, where there are most burrows of the creatures of the evil spirit; and fifth, where the family of a righteous man is driven into captivity. 5 Bd. III, 27 states that ‘hell is in the middle of the earth.’ * Reading min...rfind-f padas. Instead of drigdn rfind, CHAPTER V, 6—VII, 9. 29 the demons and fiends work. 7. The fourth, in which they construct an idol-temple. 8. The fifth, when a wicked man, who is an evil-doer, makes an abode in it. 9. The sixth, when the interment of a corpse is performed below!. 10. The seventh, in which a noxious creature has a burrow. 11. The eighth, when from the possession of the good it comes into the possession of the bad. 12. The ninth, when they make desolate that which was populous. 13. And the tenth, in which they make lamentation and weeping *%. Cuapter VII. 1. The sage asked the spirit of wisdom (2) thus: ‘ How is heaven, and how many? 3. How are the ever-stationary (hamist4n), and how many? 4. And how is hell, and how many? 5. What is the decision about the righteous in heaven, and from what is ¢heiy happiness? 6. What are the misery and affliction of the wicked in hell? 7. And what and how is the decision aéout those who are among the ever-stationary ?’ 8. The spirit of wisdom answered (9) thus: ‘Heaven is, first, from the star station unto the
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
15 For.dén vazlfinéd, ‘he goes in,’ Lrg has azdar zréved, indicating that the first letter, va, of vazlanéd had been omitted in the Pahl. MS. used by Nér., which misled him into reading the remaining letters as a new Paz. verb zréved, as already remarked by Néldeke in Gét. gel. Anz. 1882, p. 975. ‘ These are the three uppermost grades of hell, dis-himat, dfis-hakht, and dfis-hfvarst (see Chap. VII, 20). CHAPTER II, 175-197. 25 wicked evil spirit and the other demons’. 184. And the demons make ridicule and mockery of him (185) thus: “What was thy trouble and complaint, as regards Afharmazd, the lord, and the archangels, and the fragrant and joyful heaven, when thou approachedst for a sight of Aharman and the demons and gloomy hell, (186) although we cause thee misery therein and do not pity, and thou shalt see misery of long duration ?” 187. ‘And the evil spirit shouts to the demons (188) thus: “ Ask ye no tidings from him (189) who is parted from * that which was a precious body, and has come on by that which is a very bad road. 190. But bring ye unto him the foulest and vilest of eatables, the food which is nurtured in hell.” 191. ‘They bring the poison and venom of? the ~ snake and scorpion and other noxious creatures that are in hell, (192) and give him to eat. 193. And until the resurrection and future existence he must be in hell, in much misery and punishment of various kinds‘. 194. Especially that it is possible to eat food there only as though by similitude 5’ 195. The spirit of innate wisdom spoke to the sage (196) thus: ‘This which was asked by thee, as to the maintenance of the body axd concerning the preservation of the soul, is also spoken about by me, and thou art admonished. 197. Be virtuously 1 In the lowermost grade of hell (see Chap. VII, 21). 2 Lig has ‘ for Ae Aas parted from,’ as in § 151. 5 Lig has ‘and.’ * Lrg has ‘he is in much misery and punishment of kinds worthy of hell.’ 5 So that starvation is one of the punishments of hell. Lrg has ‘and especially that the food there can be only like putrid blood.’ 26 pinA-t MA{N6G-? KHIRAD. assiduous about it, and keep z¢ in practice; (198) for this is thy chief way for the maintenance of the body and preservation of the soul.’ Cuapter III. 1. The sage asked the spirit of wisdom (2) thus: ‘Is liberality good, or truth’, (3) or gratitude %, or wisdom, (4) or complete mindfulness, or contentment ?’ 5. The spirit of wisdom answered (6) thus: ‘As to the soul z¢ zs liberality, as to all the world z¢ zs truth, (7) unto the sacred beings z¢ zs gratitude, as to a man’s self z¢ zs wisdom, (8) as to all business zt zs complete mindfulness, and as to the comfort of the body and the vanquishing of Aharman and the demons contentment is good.’ Cuapter IV. 1. The sage asked the spirit of wisdom (2) thus: ‘Which is a good work ¢hat zs great and good ?’
21. The sage asked the spirit of wisdom (2) thus: ‘Which is a good work ¢hat zs great and good ?’ 3. The spirit of wisdom answered (4) thus: ‘The greatest good work is liberality, and the second is truth and next-of-kin marriage®. 5. The third is 1 K43 has ‘or thy truth.’ 2 Lig has ‘or is gratitude. good.’ 5 Lig has ‘or is complete mindfulness good.’ * Literally, ‘the body of a man.’ 5 This was the meaning of the term khvétik-das when this work was written, but some centuries ago such marriages were discontinued, and the term was then confined to marriages between first cousins, as at present (see Sacred Books of the East, vol. xviii, app. III). CHAPTER II, 198-V, 5. 27 keeping the season festivals}, ad the fourth is celebrating all the religious rites’. 6. The fifth is the ceremonial of the sacred beings, and the providing of lodging for traders*. 7. The sixth is the wishing of happiness for every one. 8. And the seventh is a kind regard for the good *.’ CHAPTER V. 1. The sage asked the spirit of wisdom (2) thus: . ‘Which land is the happier ?’ 3. The spirit of wisdom answered (4) thus : ‘That land is the happier, in which a righteous man, who is true-speaking, makes his abode. 5. The second, 1 Of which there are six, each held for five days. These Gas4nbars or Gahambars end, respectively, on the 45th, rosth, 18oth, zroth, 2goth, and 365th days of the Parsi year; and when that year was fixed to begin at the vernal equinox, they celebrated the periods of midspring, midsummer, the beginning of autumn, the beginning of winter, midwinter, and the beginning of spring (see Sls. XVIII, 3). In modern times they have been supposed to commemorate the several creations of the sky, water, earth, vegetation, animals, and man; but this idea must have been borrowed from a foreign source. * The periodical ceremonies which are obligatory for all Parsis (see Dd. XLIV, 2n). 5 Literally, ‘for the producers of business.’ ‘ That is, for the priests) The Parsi-Persian version divides these good works into nine items, by counting ‘next-of-kin marriage’ as the third, and ‘ providing of lodging’ as the seventh. For a fuller detail of good works, see Chap. XXXVII. 5 This chapter is an imitation of Vend. III, 1-20, where it is stated that the five most pleasing spots on the earth are, first, where a righteous man performs ceremonies; second, where he has built his house and keeps his fire, cattle, family, and retainers ; third, where the land is best cultivated; fourth, where most oxen and sheep are produced; and fifth, that which is most manured by oxen and sheep, 28 pinA-f MAiNéc-f KHIRAD.
3in which they make the abode of fires. 6. The third, when oxen and sheep repose upon it. 7. The fourth is uncultivated and uninhabited land when they bring z¢ back to cultivation and habitableness. 8. The fifth, from which they extirpate the burrows of noxious creatures. 9. The sixth, on which exist the ceremonies and coming of the sacred beings, and the sitting of the good'. 10. The seventh, when they make populous that which was desolate. 11. The eighth, when from the possession of the bad it comes into the possession of the good. 12. The ninth, when of the produce and yield (béd6) which arise from it they provide the share of the sacred beings, the good, and the worthy. 13. Aud the tenth, in which they provide holy-water and ceremonies.’ Cuapter VI. 1. The sage asked the spirit of wisdom (2) thus: ‘Which land is the unhappier ? ?’ 3. The spirit of wisdom answered (4) thus: ‘ That land is the more afflicted, in which hell is formed °. 5. The second, when they slay in it a righteous man who is innocent. 6. The third, for whose sake+ ' That is, the ceremonial precinct where the priests sit to conduct the ceremonies. 2 This chapter is an imitation of Vend. HI, 21-37, where it is stated that the five most unpleasing spots on the earth are, first, the ridge of Arez(ira, on which the demons congregate from the pit of the fiend; second, where most dead dogs and men lie buried ; third, where most depositories for the dead are constructed ; fourth, where there are most burrows of the creatures of the evil spirit; and fifth, where the family of a righteous man is driven into captivity. 5 Bd. III, 27 states that ‘hell is in the middle of the earth.’ * Reading min...rfind-f padas. Instead of drigdn rfind, CHAPTER V, 6—VII, 9. 29 the demons and fiends work. 7. The fourth, in which they construct an idol-temple. 8. The fifth, when a wicked man, who is an evil-doer, makes an abode in it. 9. The sixth, when the interment of a corpse is performed below!. 10. The seventh, in which a noxious creature has a burrow. 11. The eighth, when from the possession of the good it comes into the possession of the bad. 12. The ninth, when they make desolate that which was populous. 13. And the tenth, in which they make lamentation and weeping *%. Cuapter VII. 1. The sage asked the spirit of wisdom (2) thus: ‘ How is heaven, and how many? 3. How are the ever-stationary (hamist4n), and how many? 4. And how is hell, and how many? 5. What is the decision about the righteous in heaven, and from what is ¢heiy happiness? 6. What are the misery and affliction of the wicked in hell? 7. And what and how is the decision aéout those who are among the ever-stationary ?’ 8. The spirit of wisdom answered (9) thus: ‘Heaven is, first, from the star station unto the
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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