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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Well, how are we to hold Pavaraza ?’ ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that three Bhikkhus should hold Pavaraz& with each other. And let them hold PavarazA (&c., see § 3).’ 5. At that time two Bhikkhus dwelt in a certain 334 MAHAVAGGA. IV, 5, 6. district on the day of Pav4raz&. Now these Bhikkhus thought : ‘ The Blessed One has prescribed that five Bhikkhus, &c., that four Bhikkhus, &c., that three Bhikkhus, &c., and we are (only) two persons. Well, how are we to hold Pavaraza ?’ ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that two Bhikkhus should hold Pavdraza with each other. 6. ‘And let them hold Pav4raza, O Bhikkhus, in this way: Let the senior Bhikkhu adjust his upper robe, &c., and say to the junior Bhikkhu: “I pronounce my Pavdraza, friend, &c.” ‘Then let the junior Bhikkhu, &c.’ 7. At that time there dwelt a single Bhikkhu in a certain district on the day of Pavaraz&. Now this Bhikkhu thought: ‘The Blessed One has prescribed that five Bhikkhus, &c., &c., and I am only one person. Well, how am I to hold Pavaraza ?’ 8. ‘In case there dwell, O Bhikkhus, in a certain district on the day of Pavaram, a single Bhikkhu: Let that Bhikkhu, O Bhikkhus, sweep the place which the Bhikkhus use to frequent,—the refectory, or hall, or place at the foot of a tree; let him (then) provide water and food, prepare seats, put a lamp there, and sit down. If other Bhikkhus come, let him hold PavdrazA with them; if they do not come, let him fix his mind upon the thought: “To-day is my Pavaraza.” If he does not fix his mind upon this thought, he commits a dukka/¢a offence. g. ‘ Now, O Bhikkhus, where five Bhikkhus dwell (together), they must not convey the Pavaraza! of one (to their assembly) and hold Pavarazé by ? See chap. 3, §3. Compare II, chap. 22, and chap. 26, § 10. IV, 6, 3. THE PAVARANA CEREMONY. 3 3 ) four (as) in a (regular) chapter. If they do, they commit a dukkaZa offence. ‘Now, O Bhikkhus, where four Bhikkhus dwell (together), they must not convey the Pavaraza of one (to their assembly) and hold PavarazaA with each other by three. If they do, they commit a dukkaZa offence. ‘ Now, O Bhikkhus, where three Bhikkhus (&c., as in the last clause). . ; ‘Now, O Bhikkhus, where two Bhikkhus dwell, one of them must not convey the Pavdraza of the other one, and fix (only) his thoughts (upon the Pavaraz4). If he does, he commits a dukkaéa offence.’ 6. 1. At that time a certain Bhikkhu was guilty of an offence on the day of Pavdraz&. Now this Bhikkhu thought : ‘The Blessed One has prescribed: “Pavadraza is not to be held by a Bhikkhu who is guilty of an offence’.” Now I am guilty of an offence. What am I to do?’ They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘In case, O Bhikkhus, a certain Bhikkhu be guilty of an offence on the day of Pavdraw4 (&c., as in II, 27. 1, 2, down to:) “ When I shall feel no doubt, then I will atone for that offence.” Having spoken thus, let him hold Pavaraza. But in no case must there any hindrance arise to holding Pavaraza from such a cause,’
21, 2, down to:) “ When I shall feel no doubt, then I will atone for that offence.” Having spoken thus, let him hold Pavaraza. But in no case must there any hindrance arise to holding Pavaraza from such a cause,’ 2-3. At that time a certain Bhikkhu remembered 1 See chap. 16, §1. 336 MAHAVAGGA. IV, 7, 1 an offence, while Pavaraz4a was being held (&c., see II, 27. 4-8). End of the first BhAzavara. 7-13. 7. 1. At that time there assembled in a certain residence (or district) on the day of Pavaraw4 a number of resident Bhikkhus, five or more. They did not know that there were other resident Bhikkhus absent. Intending to act according to Dhamma and Vinaya, thinking themselves to be complete while (really) incomplete, they held Pavaraza. While they were holding Pavaravzzd, other resident Bhikkhus, a greater number (than the first ones), arrived. They told this thing to the Blessed One. 2. ‘In case there assemble, O Bhikkhus, in a certain residence on the day of Pavaraza (&c., as in § 1,down to).... they hold Pavaraz4. While they are holding Pav4rava, other resident Bhikkhus, a greater number, arrive. Let (all) those Bhikkhus, O Bhikkhus, hold Pavaraz4 again; they who have held Pav4rava, are free from guilt. 3. ‘In case there assemble, &c..... While they are holding Pavarazd4, other resident Bhikkhus, exactly the same number (as the first ones), arrive. Those who have held Pavaraz4, have held it correctly; let the other ones hold Pavdraz4; they who have held Pav4raza, are free from guilt.’ 1 1 The following paragraphs and chapters exactly follow the course indicated by II, 28-35. The alterations to be made are IV, 15, 1. THE PAVARANA CEREMONY. 337 14. 1-3. ‘Let no one, O Bhikkhus, hold Pavarazé in a seated assembly (of Bhikkhus) before a Bhikkhuni, ... . (&c.?) 4. ‘Let no one, O Bhikkhus, hold Pavaéraza by (accepting) the Pavarama declaration of a parivasika’, except if the assembly has not yet risen (at the time when the Pavdraza is declared). And let no one, O Bhikkhus, hold Pavaraz4 on another day than the Pavdraw4 day, except for the sake of (preserving) concord among the Samgha %’ 15. 1. At that time a certain residence (of Bhikkhus) in the Kosala country was menaced on the day of Pavaraza by savage people. The Bhikkhus were not able to perform Pavadraz4 with the threefold formula. They told this thing to the Blessed One. obvious and sufficiently indicated by §§ 1-3; instead of, ‘Let them proclaim their Parisuddhi’ (II, 28, 4, &c.), read here, ‘Let them pronounce their Pavaran4.’ 1 See II, 36, 1~3. 2 Comp. II, 36, 4, with the note.
3They told this thing to the Blessed One. obvious and sufficiently indicated by §§ 1-3; instead of, ‘Let them proclaim their Parisuddhi’ (II, 28, 4, &c.), read here, ‘Let them pronounce their Pavaran4.’ 1 See II, 36, 1~3. 2 Comp. II, 36, 4, with the note. 5 See, for instance, the cases in chap. 17. Buddhaghosa’s explanation is different ; he says: ‘Concord among the Samgha is to be understood of such cases as that of Kosambi.’ It is said in the account of the schism of Kosambt that, if concord has been re-established, the reconciled parties hold Uposatha together (X, 5,14; comp. II, 36, 4); Buddhaghosa apparently extends this to holding Pavaraza also. [13] Zz 338 MAHAVAGGA. IV, 1g, 2. ‘T allow you, O Bhikkhus, to perform Pavaraza with the twofold formula’,’ The danger from savage people became still more urgent. The Bhikkhus were not able to perform Pavaraza with the twofold formula. They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘T allow you, O Bhikkhus, to perform Pavéraza with the onefold formula 1.’ The danger from savage people became still more urgent. The Bhikkhus were not able to perform Pav4razA with the onefold formula. They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘I allow, O Bhikkhus, that all the Bhikkhus who have kept Vassa together, perform Pavaraza (by one common declaration).’ 2. At that time in a certain district on the day of Pavaramza the greater part of the night had passed away while (lay-)people were offering gifts (to the Bhikkhus). Now the Bhikkhus thought: ‘The greater part of the night has passed away while the people were offering gifts. If the Samgha performs Pavdrawzaé with the threefold formula, it will not have finished the Pavaraz& when day breaks. Well, what are we to do?’ They told this thing to the Blessed One. 3. ‘In case, O Bhikkhus, in a certain district on the day of Pavaraza the greater part of the night has passed away while people were offering gifts (to the Bhikkhus). Now if those Bhikkhus think: “ The greater part (&c., down to :) when day breaks,” 1 This means apparently that the Bhikkhus were not obliged to pronounce the formula of Pavarama (chap. 1, 14) thrice, but twice or once respectively. IV, 18, g. THE PAVARANA CEREMONY. 339 let a learned, competent Bhikkhu proclaim the following Zatti before the Samgha: “Let the Samgha, reverend Sirs, hear me. While people were offering gifts, the greater part of the night has passed away. If the Samgha performs Pavdraz4 with the threefold formula, it will not have finished the Pavaraza when day breaks. If the Samgha is ready, let the Samgha hold Pavaraza with the twofold formula, or with the onefold formula, or by common declaration of all the Bhikkhus who have kept Vassa together.”
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Well, how are we to hold Pavaraza ?’ ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that three Bhikkhus should hold Pavaraz& with each other. And let them hold PavarazA (&c., see § 3).’ 5. At that time two Bhikkhus dwelt in a certain 334 MAHAVAGGA. IV, 5, 6. district on the day of Pav4raz&. Now these Bhikkhus thought : ‘ The Blessed One has prescribed that five Bhikkhus, &c., that four Bhikkhus, &c., that three Bhikkhus, &c., and we are (only) two persons. Well, how are we to hold Pavaraza ?’ ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that two Bhikkhus should hold Pavdraza with each other. 6. ‘And let them hold Pav4raza, O Bhikkhus, in this way: Let the senior Bhikkhu adjust his upper robe, &c., and say to the junior Bhikkhu: “I pronounce my Pavdraza, friend, &c.” ‘Then let the junior Bhikkhu, &c.’ 7. At that time there dwelt a single Bhikkhu in a certain district on the day of Pavaraz&. Now this Bhikkhu thought: ‘The Blessed One has prescribed that five Bhikkhus, &c., &c., and I am only one person. Well, how am I to hold Pavaraza ?’ 8. ‘In case there dwell, O Bhikkhus, in a certain district on the day of Pavaram, a single Bhikkhu: Let that Bhikkhu, O Bhikkhus, sweep the place which the Bhikkhus use to frequent,—the refectory, or hall, or place at the foot of a tree; let him (then) provide water and food, prepare seats, put a lamp there, and sit down. If other Bhikkhus come, let him hold PavdrazA with them; if they do not come, let him fix his mind upon the thought: “To-day is my Pavaraza.” If he does not fix his mind upon this thought, he commits a dukka/¢a offence. g. ‘ Now, O Bhikkhus, where five Bhikkhus dwell (together), they must not convey the Pavaraza! of one (to their assembly) and hold Pavarazé by ? See chap. 3, §3. Compare II, chap. 22, and chap. 26, § 10. IV, 6, 3. THE PAVARANA CEREMONY. 3 3 ) four (as) in a (regular) chapter. If they do, they commit a dukkaZa offence. ‘Now, O Bhikkhus, where four Bhikkhus dwell (together), they must not convey the Pavaraza of one (to their assembly) and hold PavarazaA with each other by three. If they do, they commit a dukkaZa offence. ‘ Now, O Bhikkhus, where three Bhikkhus (&c., as in the last clause). . ; ‘Now, O Bhikkhus, where two Bhikkhus dwell, one of them must not convey the Pavdraza of the other one, and fix (only) his thoughts (upon the Pavaraz4). If he does, he commits a dukkaéa offence.’ 6. 1. At that time a certain Bhikkhu was guilty of an offence on the day of Pavdraz&. Now this Bhikkhu thought : ‘The Blessed One has prescribed: “Pavadraza is not to be held by a Bhikkhu who is guilty of an offence’.” Now I am guilty of an offence. What am I to do?’ They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘In case, O Bhikkhus, a certain Bhikkhu be guilty of an offence on the day of Pavdraw4 (&c., as in II, 27. 1, 2, down to:) “ When I shall feel no doubt, then I will atone for that offence.” Having spoken thus, let him hold Pavaraza. But in no case must there any hindrance arise to holding Pavaraza from such a cause,’
21, 2, down to:) “ When I shall feel no doubt, then I will atone for that offence.” Having spoken thus, let him hold Pavaraza. But in no case must there any hindrance arise to holding Pavaraza from such a cause,’ 2-3. At that time a certain Bhikkhu remembered 1 See chap. 16, §1. 336 MAHAVAGGA. IV, 7, 1 an offence, while Pavaraz4a was being held (&c., see II, 27. 4-8). End of the first BhAzavara. 7-13. 7. 1. At that time there assembled in a certain residence (or district) on the day of Pavaraw4 a number of resident Bhikkhus, five or more. They did not know that there were other resident Bhikkhus absent. Intending to act according to Dhamma and Vinaya, thinking themselves to be complete while (really) incomplete, they held Pavaraza. While they were holding Pavaravzzd, other resident Bhikkhus, a greater number (than the first ones), arrived. They told this thing to the Blessed One. 2. ‘In case there assemble, O Bhikkhus, in a certain residence on the day of Pavaraza (&c., as in § 1,down to).... they hold Pavaraz4. While they are holding Pav4rava, other resident Bhikkhus, a greater number, arrive. Let (all) those Bhikkhus, O Bhikkhus, hold Pavaraz4 again; they who have held Pav4rava, are free from guilt. 3. ‘In case there assemble, &c..... While they are holding Pavarazd4, other resident Bhikkhus, exactly the same number (as the first ones), arrive. Those who have held Pavaraz4, have held it correctly; let the other ones hold Pavdraz4; they who have held Pav4raza, are free from guilt.’ 1 1 The following paragraphs and chapters exactly follow the course indicated by II, 28-35. The alterations to be made are IV, 15, 1. THE PAVARANA CEREMONY. 337 14. 1-3. ‘Let no one, O Bhikkhus, hold Pavarazé in a seated assembly (of Bhikkhus) before a Bhikkhuni, ... . (&c.?) 4. ‘Let no one, O Bhikkhus, hold Pavaéraza by (accepting) the Pavarama declaration of a parivasika’, except if the assembly has not yet risen (at the time when the Pavdraza is declared). And let no one, O Bhikkhus, hold Pavaraz4 on another day than the Pavdraw4 day, except for the sake of (preserving) concord among the Samgha %’ 15. 1. At that time a certain residence (of Bhikkhus) in the Kosala country was menaced on the day of Pavaraza by savage people. The Bhikkhus were not able to perform Pavadraz4 with the threefold formula. They told this thing to the Blessed One. obvious and sufficiently indicated by §§ 1-3; instead of, ‘Let them proclaim their Parisuddhi’ (II, 28, 4, &c.), read here, ‘Let them pronounce their Pavaran4.’ 1 See II, 36, 1~3. 2 Comp. II, 36, 4, with the note.
3They told this thing to the Blessed One. obvious and sufficiently indicated by §§ 1-3; instead of, ‘Let them proclaim their Parisuddhi’ (II, 28, 4, &c.), read here, ‘Let them pronounce their Pavaran4.’ 1 See II, 36, 1~3. 2 Comp. II, 36, 4, with the note. 5 See, for instance, the cases in chap. 17. Buddhaghosa’s explanation is different ; he says: ‘Concord among the Samgha is to be understood of such cases as that of Kosambi.’ It is said in the account of the schism of Kosambt that, if concord has been re-established, the reconciled parties hold Uposatha together (X, 5,14; comp. II, 36, 4); Buddhaghosa apparently extends this to holding Pavaraza also. [13] Zz 338 MAHAVAGGA. IV, 1g, 2. ‘T allow you, O Bhikkhus, to perform Pavaraza with the twofold formula’,’ The danger from savage people became still more urgent. The Bhikkhus were not able to perform Pavaraza with the twofold formula. They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘T allow you, O Bhikkhus, to perform Pavéraza with the onefold formula 1.’ The danger from savage people became still more urgent. The Bhikkhus were not able to perform Pav4razA with the onefold formula. They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘I allow, O Bhikkhus, that all the Bhikkhus who have kept Vassa together, perform Pavaraza (by one common declaration).’ 2. At that time in a certain district on the day of Pavaramza the greater part of the night had passed away while (lay-)people were offering gifts (to the Bhikkhus). Now the Bhikkhus thought: ‘The greater part of the night has passed away while the people were offering gifts. If the Samgha performs Pavdrawzaé with the threefold formula, it will not have finished the Pavaraz& when day breaks. Well, what are we to do?’ They told this thing to the Blessed One. 3. ‘In case, O Bhikkhus, in a certain district on the day of Pavaraza the greater part of the night has passed away while people were offering gifts (to the Bhikkhus). Now if those Bhikkhus think: “ The greater part (&c., down to :) when day breaks,” 1 This means apparently that the Bhikkhus were not obliged to pronounce the formula of Pavarama (chap. 1, 14) thrice, but twice or once respectively. IV, 18, g. THE PAVARANA CEREMONY. 339 let a learned, competent Bhikkhu proclaim the following Zatti before the Samgha: “Let the Samgha, reverend Sirs, hear me. While people were offering gifts, the greater part of the night has passed away. If the Samgha performs Pavdraz4 with the threefold formula, it will not have finished the Pavaraza when day breaks. If the Samgha is ready, let the Samgha hold Pavaraza with the twofold formula, or with the onefold formula, or by common declaration of all the Bhikkhus who have kept Vassa together.”
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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