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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
113. ‘ This will not do, O Bhikkhus, for converting the unconverted (&c., as in Book III, chapter 14, § 3).’ And when he had rebuked them and delivered a religious discourse, he thus addressed the Bhikkhus: ‘Let no one, O Bhikkhus, take upon himself the vow of silence, as the Titthiyas do. He who does, commits a dukka/a offence. ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that the Bhikkhus, when they have finished their Vassa residence, hold Pavaraza with each other! in these three ways: by what has been seen, or by what has been heard, or by what is suspected. Hence it will result that you live in accord with each other, that you atone for the offences (you have committed), and that you keep the rules of discipline before your eyes. 14. ‘And you ought, O Bhikkhus, to hold Pavaraza in this way: 1 Literally, invite each other; i.e. every Bhikkhu present invites his companions to tell him if they believe him guilty of an offence, having seen that offence, or having heard of it, or suspecting it. IV, 2, 3. THE PAVARANA CEREMONY. 329 ‘Let a learned, competent Bhikkhu proclaim the following #zatti before the Samgha: “Let the Samgha, reverend Sirs, hear me. To-day is the Pav4ravz& day. Ifthe Samgha is ready, let the Samgha hold Pavaraza.” ‘Then let the senior Bhikkhu adjust his upper robe so as to cover one shoulder, sit down squatting, raise his joined hands, and say: “I pronounce my PavarazaA, friends, before the Samgha, by what has been seen, or by what has been heard, or by what is suspected!; may you speak to me, Sirs, out of compassion towards me; if I see (an offence), I will atone for it. And for the second time, &c. And for the third time I pronounce my Pavaraza.... (&c., down to). ... if I see (an offence), I will atone for it.” ‘Then let (each) younger Bhikkhu adjust his upper robe... . (&c.)?’ 2. 1. At that time the K/abbaggiya Bhikkhus, while the senior Bhikkhus were crouching down and were performing their Pavaraz4, remained on their seats. The moderate Bhikkhus were annoyed, murmured, and became angry: ‘How can the Kkabbaggiya Bhikkhus remain on their seats, while the senior 1 Te. I invite the Samgha to charge me with any offence they think me guilty of, which they have seen, or heard of, or which they suspect. 2 As in the preceding sentence, except that the younger Bhikkhus do not address the Samgha, ‘Friends,’ but, ‘Reverend Sirs,’ 330 MAHAVAGGA. IV, 2, 2. Bhikkhus crouch down, and perform their Pavaraza?’ Those Bhikkhus told the thing to the Blessed One. ‘Is it true, O Bhikkhus, that the Aabbaggiya Bhikkhus, &c. ?’ ‘It is true, O Lord.’ Then the blessed Buddha rebuked them: ‘How can these foolish men, O Bhikkhus, remain on their seats .(&c., as above)? This will not do, O Bhikkhus, for converting the unconverted (&c., as in chap. 1, § 13).’
2‘Is it true, O Bhikkhus, that the Aabbaggiya Bhikkhus, &c. ?’ ‘It is true, O Lord.’ Then the blessed Buddha rebuked them: ‘How can these foolish men, O Bhikkhus, remain on their seats .(&c., as above)? This will not do, O Bhikkhus, for converting the unconverted (&c., as in chap. 1, § 13).’ Having rebuked them and delivered a religious discourse, he thus addressed the Bhikkhus: ‘Let no one, O Bhikkhus, remain on his seat, while the senior Bhikkhus crouch down, and perform their Pavarazaé. He who does, commits a dukkaéa offence. I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that all of you crouch down while Pav4raza is being performed.’ 2. At that time a certain Bhikkhu weak from age, who waited crouching till all had finished their Pavaraz, fell down fainting. They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that (every Bhikkhu) crouches down the whole while till he has performed his Pavdravz4, and sits down on his seat when he has performed it.’ 3. 1. Now the Bhikkhus thought: ‘How many Pavaraza (days) are there ?’ They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘There are the two following Pavarawa (days), IV, 3, 5 THE PAVARANA CEREMONY. 331 O Bhikkhus: the fourteenth and the fifteenth (of the half month)!; these are the two Pavadraza (days), O Bhikkhus.’ 2. Now the Bhikkhus thought: ‘How many Pavdraza services are there ?’ They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘There are the four following Pavaraza services, O Bhikkhus, &c.?’ 3. Then the Blessed One thus addressed the Bhikkhus: ‘Assemble, O Bhikkhus, the Samgha will hold Pavaraz4.’ When he had spoken thus, a certain Bhikkhu said to the Blessed One: ‘ There is a sick Bhikkhu, Lord, who is not present.’ ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that a sick Bhikkhu shall declare (lit. give) his Pavaraz4 And let him declare it, O Bhikkhus, in this way: Let that sick Bhikkhu go to some Bhikkhu, adjust his upper robe so as to cover one shoulder, sit down squatting, raise his joined hands, and say: “I declare my Pavaraza, take my Pavaraza, perform the Pavaraz4 for me.” If he expresses this by gesture, or by word, or by gesture and word, the Pavdrazaé has been declared. If he does not express this by gesture, &c., the Pavaraz4 has not been declared. 4-5. ‘If (the sick Bhikkhu) succeeds in doing so, well and good. If he does not succeed, let them take that sick Bhikkhu, O Bhikkhus, on his bed or his chair to the assembly, &c.° * Comp. II, 14,1, and the note on II, 34,1. * This passage is exactly identical with II, 14, 2. 3, replacing ‘Uposatha service’ by ‘PavaramA service.’ ® This passage is a repetition of II, 22, 2-4, the words, ‘ Hold Uposatha,’ ‘Declare the P4risuddhi, &c., being replaced respectively by “Hold Pavaran,’ ‘Declare the Pavaraza,’ &c. 332 MAHAVAGGA. IV, 4.
33, replacing ‘Uposatha service’ by ‘PavaramA service.’ ® This passage is a repetition of II, 22, 2-4, the words, ‘ Hold Uposatha,’ ‘Declare the P4risuddhi, &c., being replaced respectively by “Hold Pavaran,’ ‘Declare the Pavaraza,’ &c. 332 MAHAVAGGA. IV, 4. ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that on the day of PavarazA he who declares his Pavaraz4, is to declare also his consent! (to acts to be performed eventually by the Order), for (both declarations) are required for the Samgha (and for the validity of its acts) 2.’ 4, At that time relations of a certain Bhikkhu kept him back on the day of Pavaraz4, &c.® 5. 1. At that time five Bhikkhus dwelt in a certain district (or, in a certain residence of Bhikkhus) on the day of Pavaraza. Now these Bhikkhus thought : ‘The Blessed One has prescribed the holding of Pavaraza by the Samgha, and we are (only) five persons‘. Well, how are we to hold Pavaraza ?’ They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘I prescribe,O Bhikkhus, that five Bhikkhus should hold Pavaravza in a (regular) chapter’ 2. At that time four Bhikkhus dwelt in a certain 1 See II, 23. 2 Comp. the finishing clause of II, 23. 5 This is a repetition of II, 24, but instead of ‘Uposatha’ and ‘Parisuddhi’ read ‘Pavaran4.’ * As a general rule five Bhikkhus were sufficient to form the quorum ; but for the performance of several among the official acts of the Order the presence of more than five members was required ; see IX, 4, 1 seq. ® See IX, 4,1. IV, 5,5: THE PAVARANA CEREMONY. 333 district on the day of Pava4raz&. Now these Bhikkhus thought : ‘ The Blessed One has prescribed that five Bhikkhus shall hold Pavdraz4 in a (regular) chapter, and we are (only) four persons. Well, how are we to hold Pavaéraza ?’ They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that four Bhikkhus should hold Pavdraz& with each other. 3. ‘And let them hold Pavdrawza4,O Bhikkhus, in this way: Let a learned, competent Bhikkhu pro- — claim the following #atti before those Bhikkhus: “Hear me, Sirs. To-day is Pavaraza day. If you are ready, Sirs, let us hold Pavdrazé with each other.” ‘Then let the senior Bhikkhu adjust his upper robe, &c., and say to those Bhikkhus : “I pronounce my Pavdraz4, friends, before you, by what has been seen, or by what has been heard, or by what is suspected ; may you speak to me, Sirs, out of compassion towards me;; if I see (an offence), I will atone for it. And for the second time, &c.; and for the third time, &c.” ‘Then let each younger Bhikkhu, &c.’ 4. At that time three Bhikkhus dwelt in a certain district on the day of Pav4raza. Now these Bhikkhus thought : ‘ The Blessed One has prescribed that five Bhikkhus shall hold Pav4raza in a (regular) chapter, that four Bhikkhus shall hold Pavaraza with each other, and we are (only) three persons. Well, how are we to hold Pavaraza ?’ ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that three Bhikkhus should hold Pavaraz& with each other. And let them hold PavarazA (&c., see § 3).’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
113. ‘ This will not do, O Bhikkhus, for converting the unconverted (&c., as in Book III, chapter 14, § 3).’ And when he had rebuked them and delivered a religious discourse, he thus addressed the Bhikkhus: ‘Let no one, O Bhikkhus, take upon himself the vow of silence, as the Titthiyas do. He who does, commits a dukka/a offence. ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that the Bhikkhus, when they have finished their Vassa residence, hold Pavaraza with each other! in these three ways: by what has been seen, or by what has been heard, or by what is suspected. Hence it will result that you live in accord with each other, that you atone for the offences (you have committed), and that you keep the rules of discipline before your eyes. 14. ‘And you ought, O Bhikkhus, to hold Pavaraza in this way: 1 Literally, invite each other; i.e. every Bhikkhu present invites his companions to tell him if they believe him guilty of an offence, having seen that offence, or having heard of it, or suspecting it. IV, 2, 3. THE PAVARANA CEREMONY. 329 ‘Let a learned, competent Bhikkhu proclaim the following #zatti before the Samgha: “Let the Samgha, reverend Sirs, hear me. To-day is the Pav4ravz& day. Ifthe Samgha is ready, let the Samgha hold Pavaraza.” ‘Then let the senior Bhikkhu adjust his upper robe so as to cover one shoulder, sit down squatting, raise his joined hands, and say: “I pronounce my PavarazaA, friends, before the Samgha, by what has been seen, or by what has been heard, or by what is suspected!; may you speak to me, Sirs, out of compassion towards me; if I see (an offence), I will atone for it. And for the second time, &c. And for the third time I pronounce my Pavaraza.... (&c., down to). ... if I see (an offence), I will atone for it.” ‘Then let (each) younger Bhikkhu adjust his upper robe... . (&c.)?’ 2. 1. At that time the K/abbaggiya Bhikkhus, while the senior Bhikkhus were crouching down and were performing their Pavaraz4, remained on their seats. The moderate Bhikkhus were annoyed, murmured, and became angry: ‘How can the Kkabbaggiya Bhikkhus remain on their seats, while the senior 1 Te. I invite the Samgha to charge me with any offence they think me guilty of, which they have seen, or heard of, or which they suspect. 2 As in the preceding sentence, except that the younger Bhikkhus do not address the Samgha, ‘Friends,’ but, ‘Reverend Sirs,’ 330 MAHAVAGGA. IV, 2, 2. Bhikkhus crouch down, and perform their Pavaraza?’ Those Bhikkhus told the thing to the Blessed One. ‘Is it true, O Bhikkhus, that the Aabbaggiya Bhikkhus, &c. ?’ ‘It is true, O Lord.’ Then the blessed Buddha rebuked them: ‘How can these foolish men, O Bhikkhus, remain on their seats .(&c., as above)? This will not do, O Bhikkhus, for converting the unconverted (&c., as in chap. 1, § 13).’
2‘Is it true, O Bhikkhus, that the Aabbaggiya Bhikkhus, &c. ?’ ‘It is true, O Lord.’ Then the blessed Buddha rebuked them: ‘How can these foolish men, O Bhikkhus, remain on their seats .(&c., as above)? This will not do, O Bhikkhus, for converting the unconverted (&c., as in chap. 1, § 13).’ Having rebuked them and delivered a religious discourse, he thus addressed the Bhikkhus: ‘Let no one, O Bhikkhus, remain on his seat, while the senior Bhikkhus crouch down, and perform their Pavarazaé. He who does, commits a dukkaéa offence. I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that all of you crouch down while Pav4raza is being performed.’ 2. At that time a certain Bhikkhu weak from age, who waited crouching till all had finished their Pavaraz, fell down fainting. They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that (every Bhikkhu) crouches down the whole while till he has performed his Pavdravz4, and sits down on his seat when he has performed it.’ 3. 1. Now the Bhikkhus thought: ‘How many Pavaraza (days) are there ?’ They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘There are the two following Pavarawa (days), IV, 3, 5 THE PAVARANA CEREMONY. 331 O Bhikkhus: the fourteenth and the fifteenth (of the half month)!; these are the two Pavadraza (days), O Bhikkhus.’ 2. Now the Bhikkhus thought: ‘How many Pavdraza services are there ?’ They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘There are the four following Pavaraza services, O Bhikkhus, &c.?’ 3. Then the Blessed One thus addressed the Bhikkhus: ‘Assemble, O Bhikkhus, the Samgha will hold Pavaraz4.’ When he had spoken thus, a certain Bhikkhu said to the Blessed One: ‘ There is a sick Bhikkhu, Lord, who is not present.’ ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that a sick Bhikkhu shall declare (lit. give) his Pavaraz4 And let him declare it, O Bhikkhus, in this way: Let that sick Bhikkhu go to some Bhikkhu, adjust his upper robe so as to cover one shoulder, sit down squatting, raise his joined hands, and say: “I declare my Pavaraza, take my Pavaraza, perform the Pavaraz4 for me.” If he expresses this by gesture, or by word, or by gesture and word, the Pavdrazaé has been declared. If he does not express this by gesture, &c., the Pavaraz4 has not been declared. 4-5. ‘If (the sick Bhikkhu) succeeds in doing so, well and good. If he does not succeed, let them take that sick Bhikkhu, O Bhikkhus, on his bed or his chair to the assembly, &c.° * Comp. II, 14,1, and the note on II, 34,1. * This passage is exactly identical with II, 14, 2. 3, replacing ‘Uposatha service’ by ‘PavaramA service.’ ® This passage is a repetition of II, 22, 2-4, the words, ‘ Hold Uposatha,’ ‘Declare the P4risuddhi, &c., being replaced respectively by “Hold Pavaran,’ ‘Declare the Pavaraza,’ &c. 332 MAHAVAGGA. IV, 4.
33, replacing ‘Uposatha service’ by ‘PavaramA service.’ ® This passage is a repetition of II, 22, 2-4, the words, ‘ Hold Uposatha,’ ‘Declare the P4risuddhi, &c., being replaced respectively by “Hold Pavaran,’ ‘Declare the Pavaraza,’ &c. 332 MAHAVAGGA. IV, 4. ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that on the day of PavarazA he who declares his Pavaraz4, is to declare also his consent! (to acts to be performed eventually by the Order), for (both declarations) are required for the Samgha (and for the validity of its acts) 2.’ 4, At that time relations of a certain Bhikkhu kept him back on the day of Pavaraz4, &c.® 5. 1. At that time five Bhikkhus dwelt in a certain district (or, in a certain residence of Bhikkhus) on the day of Pavaraza. Now these Bhikkhus thought : ‘The Blessed One has prescribed the holding of Pavaraza by the Samgha, and we are (only) five persons‘. Well, how are we to hold Pavaraza ?’ They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘I prescribe,O Bhikkhus, that five Bhikkhus should hold Pavaravza in a (regular) chapter’ 2. At that time four Bhikkhus dwelt in a certain 1 See II, 23. 2 Comp. the finishing clause of II, 23. 5 This is a repetition of II, 24, but instead of ‘Uposatha’ and ‘Parisuddhi’ read ‘Pavaran4.’ * As a general rule five Bhikkhus were sufficient to form the quorum ; but for the performance of several among the official acts of the Order the presence of more than five members was required ; see IX, 4, 1 seq. ® See IX, 4,1. IV, 5,5: THE PAVARANA CEREMONY. 333 district on the day of Pava4raz&. Now these Bhikkhus thought : ‘ The Blessed One has prescribed that five Bhikkhus shall hold Pavdraz4 in a (regular) chapter, and we are (only) four persons. Well, how are we to hold Pavaéraza ?’ They told this thing to the Blessed One. ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that four Bhikkhus should hold Pavdraz& with each other. 3. ‘And let them hold Pavdrawza4,O Bhikkhus, in this way: Let a learned, competent Bhikkhu pro- — claim the following #atti before those Bhikkhus: “Hear me, Sirs. To-day is Pavaraza day. If you are ready, Sirs, let us hold Pavdrazé with each other.” ‘Then let the senior Bhikkhu adjust his upper robe, &c., and say to those Bhikkhus : “I pronounce my Pavdraz4, friends, before you, by what has been seen, or by what has been heard, or by what is suspected ; may you speak to me, Sirs, out of compassion towards me;; if I see (an offence), I will atone for it. And for the second time, &c.; and for the third time, &c.” ‘Then let each younger Bhikkhu, &c.’ 4. At that time three Bhikkhus dwelt in a certain district on the day of Pav4raza. Now these Bhikkhus thought : ‘ The Blessed One has prescribed that five Bhikkhus shall hold Pav4raza in a (regular) chapter, that four Bhikkhus shall hold Pavaraza with each other, and we are (only) three persons. Well, how are we to hold Pavaraza ?’ ‘I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that three Bhikkhus should hold Pavaraz& with each other. And let them hold PavarazA (&c., see § 3).’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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