Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST (2) HENRY FROWDE, M.A, PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD LONDON, EDINBURGH, AND NEW YORK THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST TRANSLATED BY VARIOUS ORIENTAL SCHOLARS AND EDITED BY F. MAX MULLER VOL. II @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1897 (AM rights reserved] 1 Brion Theological Sossinary | NEW YORK CITv Gift in Memor of lhe Lare— elson Smith, Ess, Masxicwn wrd_ nne_ EF. SmilfL OCT 7 1936 Orford PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS BY HORACE HART, M.A. PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY THE SACRED LAWS OF THE ARYAS AS TAUGHT IN THE SCIIOOLS OF APASTAMBA, GAUTAMA, VASISHTHA, AND BAUDHAYANA
2SmilfL OCT 7 1936 Orford PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS BY HORACE HART, M.A. PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY THE SACRED LAWS OF THE ARYAS AS TAUGHT IN THE SCIIOOLS OF APASTAMBA, GAUTAMA, VASISHTHA, AND BAUDHAYANA TRANSLATED BY GEORG BUHLER PART I APASTAMBA AND GAUTAMA SECOND EDITION, REVISED @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1897 [Ad rights reserved} Digitized by G O08 le DAY $12.6 142197 CONTENTS. a BAGE INTRODUCTION TO APASTAMBA . . : . . . ix InTROpUCTION TO GAUTAMA . . . . . . Xxilix APASTAMBA’S Apuorisms on THE SACRED Law. General Rules . . . . : . : . . 1 Initiation . . . . . . Studentship. : . . . A Student who has returned Home. . . . - 29 The Study of the Veda . . . . . . - 32 A Student who has returned Home. . . . . 48 Saluting . . . . . . . . : - 51 Purification . . . . . . : 54 Eating, and Forbidden Food . . . . . - 59 Lawful Livelihood . . . . . . . » 90 Penance . . . . . : . : : - 75 Rules for a Snataka. . . . . . . . 92 The Duties of a Householder . . . . . » 99 Inheritance . . . . . . . . . 130 Funeral Oblations . . . . . . . - 137 The Four Orders. . . . . . . . 153 The King . . . . . . . : . 161 GAUTAMA’S InstTITUTES OF THE SacRED Law. Initiation . . . : . . . . : - 175 Purification . . . . . : . . . 179 Studentship. . . . . : . . . 182 The Ascetic . . . . : . . . . 192 The Hermit. . . . . . . . . 195 The Householder. . . . . . . . 196 viii CONTENTS. PAGE Saluting . . . . . . . . . . 207 Times of Distress. . . . . . . . 2mr A King and Braéhmama versed in the Vedas. . . 204 The Duties of a Snataka . . . . . . . 218 Lawful Occupations and Livelihood . .¢ 4+ ---s: os + _227__ The Duties of a King. : . . . . . 234 Civil and Criminal Law . . . . . . . 238 Witnesses . . . . . . . . . . 246 Impurity... : . . . . . . »_ 249° Funeral Oblations . . . . . . . . 255 The Study of the Veda . . . . . . . 259 Eating, and Forbidden Food . . . . . . 265 Women . . . . . . . . . . 270 Penances . . . . . . . . . . 274 Inheritance . . . . . . . . - 302 Transliteration of Oriental Alphabets adopted for the Translations of the Sacred Books of the East . . . - git INTRODUCTION TO APASTAMBA. For all students of Sanskrit philology and Indian history Apastamba’s aphorisms on the sacred law of the Aryan Hindus possess a special interest beyond that attaching to other works of the same class. Their discovery enabled Professor Max Miller, forty-seven years ago, to dispose finally of the Brahmanical legend according to which Hindu society was supposed to be governed by the codes of ancient sages, compiled for the express purpose of tying down each individual to his station, and of strictly regulating even the smallest acts of his daily life’. It enabled ' Max Miiller, History of Ancient Sanskrit Literature, p. 133 seq. The following letter, addressed to the late W. H. Morley, and published by him in his Digest of Indian Cases, 1850, may be of interest as connected with the first discovery of the Apastamba-siitras :—
3It enabled ' Max Miiller, History of Ancient Sanskrit Literature, p. 133 seq. The following letter, addressed to the late W. H. Morley, and published by him in his Digest of Indian Cases, 1850, may be of interest as connected with the first discovery of the Apastamba-siitras :— 9, Park Place, Oxford, July 29, 1849. My DEAR Mortey,—I have been looking again at the law literature, in order to write you a note on the sources of Manu. I have treated the subject fully in my introduction to the Veda, where I have given an outline of the different periods of Vaidik literature, and analysed the peculiarities in the style and language of each class of Vaidik works. What I congider to be the sources of the Manava-dharma-sdstra, the so-called Laws of Manu, are the Sfttras. These are works which presuppose the development of the prose literature of the Brahmamas (like the Aitareya-brahmama, Taittirtya-brahmasa, &c.) These Br&éhmaaas, again, presuppose, not only the existence, but the collection and arrangement of the old hymns of the four Samhitas. The Sitras are therefore later than both these classes of Vaidik works, but they must be considered as belonging to the Vaidik period of literatnre, not only on account of their intimate connection with Vaidik subjects, but also because they still exhibit the irregularities of the old Vaidik language. They form indeed the last branch of Vaidik literature ; and it will perhaps be possible to fix some of these works chronologically, as they are contemporary with the first spreading of Buddhism in India. Again, in the whole of Vaidik literature there is no work written (like the Manava-dharma-sastra) in the regular epic Sloka, and the continuous employment of this metre is a characteristic mark of post-Vaidik writings. One of the principal classes of Sfitras is known by the name of Kalpa-s(tras, x APASTAMBA. him not only to arrive at this negative result, but also to substitute a sounder theory the truth of which subsequent investigations have further confirmed, and to show that the sacred law of the Hindus has its source in the teaching of the Vedic schools, and that the so-called revealed law codes are, in most cases, but improved metrical editions of older
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST (2) HENRY FROWDE, M.A, PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD LONDON, EDINBURGH, AND NEW YORK THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST TRANSLATED BY VARIOUS ORIENTAL SCHOLARS AND EDITED BY F. MAX MULLER VOL. II @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1897 (AM rights reserved] 1 Brion Theological Sossinary | NEW YORK CITv Gift in Memor of lhe Lare— elson Smith, Ess, Masxicwn wrd_ nne_ EF. SmilfL OCT 7 1936 Orford PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS BY HORACE HART, M.A. PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY THE SACRED LAWS OF THE ARYAS AS TAUGHT IN THE SCIIOOLS OF APASTAMBA, GAUTAMA, VASISHTHA, AND BAUDHAYANA
2SmilfL OCT 7 1936 Orford PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS BY HORACE HART, M.A. PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY THE SACRED LAWS OF THE ARYAS AS TAUGHT IN THE SCIIOOLS OF APASTAMBA, GAUTAMA, VASISHTHA, AND BAUDHAYANA TRANSLATED BY GEORG BUHLER PART I APASTAMBA AND GAUTAMA SECOND EDITION, REVISED @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1897 [Ad rights reserved} Digitized by G O08 le DAY $12.6 142197 CONTENTS. a BAGE INTRODUCTION TO APASTAMBA . . : . . . ix InTROpUCTION TO GAUTAMA . . . . . . Xxilix APASTAMBA’S Apuorisms on THE SACRED Law. General Rules . . . . : . : . . 1 Initiation . . . . . . Studentship. : . . . A Student who has returned Home. . . . - 29 The Study of the Veda . . . . . . - 32 A Student who has returned Home. . . . . 48 Saluting . . . . . . . . : - 51 Purification . . . . . . : 54 Eating, and Forbidden Food . . . . . - 59 Lawful Livelihood . . . . . . . » 90 Penance . . . . . : . : : - 75 Rules for a Snataka. . . . . . . . 92 The Duties of a Householder . . . . . » 99 Inheritance . . . . . . . . . 130 Funeral Oblations . . . . . . . - 137 The Four Orders. . . . . . . . 153 The King . . . . . . . : . 161 GAUTAMA’S InstTITUTES OF THE SacRED Law. Initiation . . . : . . . . : - 175 Purification . . . . . : . . . 179 Studentship. . . . . : . . . 182 The Ascetic . . . . : . . . . 192 The Hermit. . . . . . . . . 195 The Householder. . . . . . . . 196 viii CONTENTS. PAGE Saluting . . . . . . . . . . 207 Times of Distress. . . . . . . . 2mr A King and Braéhmama versed in the Vedas. . . 204 The Duties of a Snataka . . . . . . . 218 Lawful Occupations and Livelihood . .¢ 4+ ---s: os + _227__ The Duties of a King. : . . . . . 234 Civil and Criminal Law . . . . . . . 238 Witnesses . . . . . . . . . . 246 Impurity... : . . . . . . »_ 249° Funeral Oblations . . . . . . . . 255 The Study of the Veda . . . . . . . 259 Eating, and Forbidden Food . . . . . . 265 Women . . . . . . . . . . 270 Penances . . . . . . . . . . 274 Inheritance . . . . . . . . - 302 Transliteration of Oriental Alphabets adopted for the Translations of the Sacred Books of the East . . . - git INTRODUCTION TO APASTAMBA. For all students of Sanskrit philology and Indian history Apastamba’s aphorisms on the sacred law of the Aryan Hindus possess a special interest beyond that attaching to other works of the same class. Their discovery enabled Professor Max Miller, forty-seven years ago, to dispose finally of the Brahmanical legend according to which Hindu society was supposed to be governed by the codes of ancient sages, compiled for the express purpose of tying down each individual to his station, and of strictly regulating even the smallest acts of his daily life’. It enabled ' Max Miiller, History of Ancient Sanskrit Literature, p. 133 seq. The following letter, addressed to the late W. H. Morley, and published by him in his Digest of Indian Cases, 1850, may be of interest as connected with the first discovery of the Apastamba-siitras :—
3It enabled ' Max Miiller, History of Ancient Sanskrit Literature, p. 133 seq. The following letter, addressed to the late W. H. Morley, and published by him in his Digest of Indian Cases, 1850, may be of interest as connected with the first discovery of the Apastamba-siitras :— 9, Park Place, Oxford, July 29, 1849. My DEAR Mortey,—I have been looking again at the law literature, in order to write you a note on the sources of Manu. I have treated the subject fully in my introduction to the Veda, where I have given an outline of the different periods of Vaidik literature, and analysed the peculiarities in the style and language of each class of Vaidik works. What I congider to be the sources of the Manava-dharma-sdstra, the so-called Laws of Manu, are the Sfttras. These are works which presuppose the development of the prose literature of the Brahmamas (like the Aitareya-brahmama, Taittirtya-brahmasa, &c.) These Br&éhmaaas, again, presuppose, not only the existence, but the collection and arrangement of the old hymns of the four Samhitas. The Sitras are therefore later than both these classes of Vaidik works, but they must be considered as belonging to the Vaidik period of literatnre, not only on account of their intimate connection with Vaidik subjects, but also because they still exhibit the irregularities of the old Vaidik language. They form indeed the last branch of Vaidik literature ; and it will perhaps be possible to fix some of these works chronologically, as they are contemporary with the first spreading of Buddhism in India. Again, in the whole of Vaidik literature there is no work written (like the Manava-dharma-sastra) in the regular epic Sloka, and the continuous employment of this metre is a characteristic mark of post-Vaidik writings. One of the principal classes of Sfitras is known by the name of Kalpa-s(tras, x APASTAMBA. him not only to arrive at this negative result, but also to substitute a sounder theory the truth of which subsequent investigations have further confirmed, and to show that the sacred law of the Hindus has its source in the teaching of the Vedic schools, and that the so-called revealed law codes are, in most cases, but improved metrical editions of older
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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