The Upanishads, Part II — SBE Vol. 15 — trans. F. Max Müller (1884)
The translator’s English as printed. The original-language text is not held; names are romanised as the translator printed them.
1. When Ganaka Vaideha was sitting (to give audience), YAgiiavalkya approached, and Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘ Yagnavalkya, for what object did you come, wishing for cattle, or for subtle questions? ?’ YAagziavalkya replied: ‘For both, Your Majesty ; 2. ‘Let us hear what anybody may have told you.’ Ganaka Vaideha replied : ‘ Gitvan Sailini told me that speech (va) is Brahman.’ Yagviavalkya said: ‘As one who had (the benefit of a good) father, mother, and teacher might tell, so did Sailini? tell you, that speech is Brahman; for what is the use of a dumb person? But did he tell you the body (Ayatana) and the resting-place (pratish¢#a) of that Brahman ?’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘ He did not tell me.’ Yagaavalkya said: ‘ Your Majesty, this (Brahman) stands on one leg only®.’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘Then tell me, Yagzavalkya.
* Anv-anta, formed like Sftranta, Siddhanta, and probably Vedanta, means subtle questions. ? Roer and Poley give here Sailina; Weber also (pp. 1080 and 1081) has twice Sailina (Silinasy4patyam). * This seems to mean that Gitvan’s explanation of Brahman is Jame or imperfect, because there are four padas of that Brahman, and he taught one only. The other three are its body, its place, and its form of worship (pragnetfyam upanishad brahmamas faturthahk padah). See also Maitr. Up. VII, p. 221.
IV ADHYAYA, I BRAHMANA, 3. 153 Yagnavalkya said: ‘The tongue is its body, ether its place, and one should worship it as knowledge.’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘What is the nature of that knowledge?’ Yagzavalkya replied: ‘Your Majesty, speech itself (is knowledge). For through speech, Your Majesty, a friend is known (to be a friend), and likewise the Rig-veda, Yagur-veda, Sama-veda, the Atharvangirasas, the Itihdsa (tradition), Puraza-vidya (knowledge of the past), the Upanishads, Slokas (verses), Satras (rules), Anuvyakhydnas and Vyakhyanas (commentaries!, &c.); what is sacrificed, what is poured out, what is (to be) eaten and drunk, this world and the other world, and all creatures. By speech alone, Your Majesty, Brahman is known, speech indeed, O King, is the Highest Brahman. Speech does not desert him who worships that (Brahman) with such knowledge, all creatures approach him, and having become a god, he goes to the gods.’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘I shall give you (for this) a thousand cows with a bull as big as an elephant.’ _ YAgiiavalkya said: ‘My father was of opinion that one should not accept a reward without having fully instructed a pupil.’ 3. Yagaiavalkya said : ‘ Let us hear what anybody may have told you.’ Ganaka Vaideha replied: ‘Udanka Saulbayana told me that life (praza)? is Brahman.’ YAgaiavalkya said: ‘As one who had (the benefit of a good) father, mother, and teacher might tell, so did
SE
1 See before, II, 4, 10; and afterwards, LV Apt 1: 2 See Taitt. Up. III, 3.
p. 154
Udanka Saulbayana tell you that life is Brahman, for what is the use of a person without life? But did he tell you the body and the resting-place of that Brahman ?’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘ He did not tell me.’ Yagavalkya said : ‘ Your Majesty, this (Brahman) stands on one leg only.’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘Then tell me, Yagiiavalkya.’ YAgiiavalkya said: ‘ Breath is its body, ether its place, and one should worship it as what is dear.’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘What is the nature of that which is dear ?’ Yagziavalkya replied: ‘Your Majesty, life itself (is that which is dear);’ because for the sake of life, Your Majesty, a man sacrifices even for him who is unworthy of sacrifice, he accepts presents from him who is not worthy to bestow presents, nay, he goes to a country, even when there is fear cf being hurt’, for the sake of life. Life, O King, is the Highest Brahman. Life does not desert him who worships that (Brahman) with such knowledge, all creatures approach him, and having become a god, he goes to the gods.’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘I shall give you (for this) a thousand cows with a bull as big as an elephant.’ Yagiavalkya said: ‘My father was of opinion that one should not accept a reward without having fully instructed a pupil.’ 4. Yagwavalkya said: ‘ Let us hear what anybody may have told you.’
’ Or it may mean, he is afraid of being hurt, to whatever country he goes, for the sake of a livelihood.
p. 155
1. When Ganaka Vaideha was sitting (to give audience), YAgiiavalkya approached, and Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘ Yagnavalkya, for what object did you come, wishing for cattle, or for subtle questions? ?’ YAagziavalkya replied: ‘For both, Your Majesty ; 2. ‘Let us hear what anybody may have told you.’ Ganaka Vaideha replied : ‘ Gitvan Sailini told me that speech (va) is Brahman.’ Yagviavalkya said: ‘As one who had (the benefit of a good) father, mother, and teacher might tell, so did Sailini? tell you, that speech is Brahman; for what is the use of a dumb person? But did he tell you the body (Ayatana) and the resting-place (pratish¢#a) of that Brahman ?’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘ He did not tell me.’ Yagaavalkya said: ‘ Your Majesty, this (Brahman) stands on one leg only®.’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘Then tell me, Yagzavalkya.
* Anv-anta, formed like Sftranta, Siddhanta, and probably Vedanta, means subtle questions. ? Roer and Poley give here Sailina; Weber also (pp. 1080 and 1081) has twice Sailina (Silinasy4patyam). * This seems to mean that Gitvan’s explanation of Brahman is Jame or imperfect, because there are four padas of that Brahman, and he taught one only. The other three are its body, its place, and its form of worship (pragnetfyam upanishad brahmamas faturthahk padah). See also Maitr. Up. VII, p. 221.
IV ADHYAYA, I BRAHMANA, 3. 153 Yagnavalkya said: ‘The tongue is its body, ether its place, and one should worship it as knowledge.’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘What is the nature of that knowledge?’ Yagzavalkya replied: ‘Your Majesty, speech itself (is knowledge). For through speech, Your Majesty, a friend is known (to be a friend), and likewise the Rig-veda, Yagur-veda, Sama-veda, the Atharvangirasas, the Itihdsa (tradition), Puraza-vidya (knowledge of the past), the Upanishads, Slokas (verses), Satras (rules), Anuvyakhydnas and Vyakhyanas (commentaries!, &c.); what is sacrificed, what is poured out, what is (to be) eaten and drunk, this world and the other world, and all creatures. By speech alone, Your Majesty, Brahman is known, speech indeed, O King, is the Highest Brahman. Speech does not desert him who worships that (Brahman) with such knowledge, all creatures approach him, and having become a god, he goes to the gods.’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘I shall give you (for this) a thousand cows with a bull as big as an elephant.’ _ YAgiiavalkya said: ‘My father was of opinion that one should not accept a reward without having fully instructed a pupil.’ 3. Yagaiavalkya said : ‘ Let us hear what anybody may have told you.’ Ganaka Vaideha replied: ‘Udanka Saulbayana told me that life (praza)? is Brahman.’ YAgaiavalkya said: ‘As one who had (the benefit of a good) father, mother, and teacher might tell, so did
SE
1 See before, II, 4, 10; and afterwards, LV Apt 1: 2 See Taitt. Up. III, 3.
p. 154
Udanka Saulbayana tell you that life is Brahman, for what is the use of a person without life? But did he tell you the body and the resting-place of that Brahman ?’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘ He did not tell me.’ Yagavalkya said : ‘ Your Majesty, this (Brahman) stands on one leg only.’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘Then tell me, Yagiiavalkya.’ YAgiiavalkya said: ‘ Breath is its body, ether its place, and one should worship it as what is dear.’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘What is the nature of that which is dear ?’ Yagziavalkya replied: ‘Your Majesty, life itself (is that which is dear);’ because for the sake of life, Your Majesty, a man sacrifices even for him who is unworthy of sacrifice, he accepts presents from him who is not worthy to bestow presents, nay, he goes to a country, even when there is fear cf being hurt’, for the sake of life. Life, O King, is the Highest Brahman. Life does not desert him who worships that (Brahman) with such knowledge, all creatures approach him, and having become a god, he goes to the gods.’ Ganaka Vaideha said: ‘I shall give you (for this) a thousand cows with a bull as big as an elephant.’ Yagiavalkya said: ‘My father was of opinion that one should not accept a reward without having fully instructed a pupil.’ 4. Yagwavalkya said: ‘ Let us hear what anybody may have told you.’
’ Or it may mean, he is afraid of being hurt, to whatever country he goes, for the sake of a livelihood.
p. 155
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