The Upanishads, Part II — SBE Vol. 15 — trans. F. Max Müller (1884)
The translator’s English as printed. The original-language text is not held; names are romanised as the translator printed them.
p. 306Oso ea Te grounded (in the Self) and looking away (from all earthly objects), he is the same. Likewise the motion of the outer Self is inferred from the motion of the inner Self. For thus it is said: ‘He who within the sun is the golden person, who looks upon this earth from his golden place, he is the same who, after entering the inner lotus of the heart’, devours food (perceives sensuous objects, &c.).’ 2, And he who having entered the inner lotus of the heart, devours food, the same, having gone to the sky as the fire of the sun, called Time, and being invisible, devours all beings as his food. What is that lotus and of what is it made? (the Valakhilyas ask ?.) That lotus is the same as the ether; the four quarters, and the four intermediate points are its leaves *. These two, Breath and the Sun, move on near to each other (in the heart and in the ether). Let him worship these two, with the syllable Om, with the Vy4hvzti words (bhd4, bhuvad, svar), and with the Savitri hymn. 3. There are two forms of Brahman ‘, the material (effect) and the immaterial (cause). The material is false, the immaterial is true. That which is true is Brahman, that which is Brahman is light, and that which is light is the Sun®. And this Sun became the Self of that Om.
1 M. reads sa esho ’ntak pushkare hrztpushkare vasrito. * The commentator ascribes the dialogue still to the VAlakhilyas and Pragapati Kratu. ° M. reads dalasamstha Asur vagnih parata etaik prazddityav eta. * See Brzh. Up. II, 3, 1. ° Professor Cowell, after giving the various readings of his MSS., says, ‘the true reading would seem to be yat satyam tad brahma,
VI PRAPATHAKA, 4. 307 cn
He divided himself threefold, for Om consists of three letters,a +u+m. Through them all this? is contained in him as warp and woof. For thus it is said: ‘Meditate on that Sun as Om, join your Self (the breath) with the (Self of the) Sun.’ 4. And thus it has been said elsewhere: The Udgitha (of the Sama-veda) is the Prazava ? (of the Xeg-veda), and the Prazava is the Udgitha, and thus the Sun is Udgitha, and he is Pravava or Om. For thus it is said’: ‘The Udgitha, called Prawava, the leader (in the performance of sacrifices), the bright 4, the sleepless, free from old age and death, three-footed 5, consisting of three letters (a+u+m), and likewise to be known as fivefold (five prazas) placed in the cave.’ And it is also said: “The three-footed Brahman has its root upward °, the branches are ether, wind, fire, water, earth, &c. This one Asvattha’ by name, the world, is Brahman, and of it that is the light which is called the Sun, and it is also the light of that syllable Om. Therefore let him for ever worship that (breath and sun, as manifestations of Brahman) with the syllable Om.’ He alone enlightens us. For thus it is said:
yad brahma tag gyotir, yad gyotis sa adityah.’ This is exactly the reading of my own MS. ‘ M. reads daivasminn ity evam hyaha. 2 The mystic syllable Om. 8 See Khandog opanishad I, 5; Maitr. Up. VI, 25. * M. reads namarfipam. 5 The three feet of the praza are waking, slumber, and deep sleep; the three feet of the sun, the three worlds, bhiA, bhuvas, svar, asin VII, 11. See also AAand. Up. III, 12. © Cr ieasz. Up. VI, 1. 7 Asvattha, lit. fig-tree, then frequently used metaphorically as a name of the world. Here explainedas ‘it will not stand till to-morrow.’ AZ
p. 308
‘This alone is the pure syllable, this alone is the highest syllable; he who knows that syllable only, whatever he desires, is his '.’ s. And thus it has been said elsewhere: This Om? is the sound-endowed body of him (Prazadityatman). This is his gender-endowed body, viz. feminine, masculine, neuter. This is his light-endowed body, viz. Agni, Vayu, Aditya. This is his lord-endowed body, viz. Brahma, Rudra, Vishvu. This is his mouthendowed body, viz. Garhapatya, DakshizAgni, Ahavaniya*. This is his knowledge-endowed body, viz. Riz, Yagus, SAman. This is his world-endowed body, viz. Bhdd, Bhuvad4, Svar. This is his time-endowed body, viz. Past, Present, Future. This is his heat-endowed body, viz. Breath, Fire, Sun. This is his growthendowed body, viz. Food, Water, Moon. This is his thought-endowed body, viz. intellect, mind, personality. This is his breath-endowed body, viz. Praza, Apana, Vyana. Therefore by the aforesaid syllable Om are all these here enumerated bodies praised and identified (with the PrAwAdityatman). For thus it is said‘: ‘O Satyakéma, the syllable Om is the high and the low Brahman.’ 6. This® (world) was unuttered® Then forsooth Pragapati, having brooded, uttered it in the words BhdZ, Bhuva4, Svar. This is the grossest body of that PragApati, consisting of the three worlds’. Of
" Kath. Up. II, 16. * M. reads tanfir yom iti. * The fires on the three altars. * Prasna Up. V, 2. ® M. reads atha vyattam.
* So far the prazava or Om has been explained; now follows the explanation of the Vyahritis; cf. VI, 2. VyAhriti is derived from vydhar, and means an utterance. ei VAs
306 MAITRAYANA-BRAHMANA-UPANISHAD. Oso ea Te grounded (in the Self) and looking away (from all earthly objects), he is the same. Likewise the motion of the outer Self is inferred from the motion of the inner Self. For thus it is said: ‘He who within the sun is the golden person, who looks upon this earth from his golden place, he is the same who, after entering the inner lotus of the heart’, devours food (perceives sensuous objects, &c.).’ 2, And he who having entered the inner lotus of the heart, devours food, the same, having gone to the sky as the fire of the sun, called Time, and being invisible, devours all beings as his food. What is that lotus and of what is it made? (the Valakhilyas ask ?.) That lotus is the same as the ether; the four quarters, and the four intermediate points are its leaves *. These two, Breath and the Sun, move on near to each other (in the heart and in the ether). Let him worship these two, with the syllable Om, with the Vy4hvzti words (bhd4, bhuvad, svar), and with the Savitri hymn. 3. There are two forms of Brahman ‘, the material (effect) and the immaterial (cause). The material is false, the immaterial is true. That which is true is Brahman, that which is Brahman is light, and that which is light is the Sun®. And this Sun became the Self of that Om.
1 M. reads sa esho ’ntak pushkare hrztpushkare vasrito. * The commentator ascribes the dialogue still to the VAlakhilyas and Pragapati Kratu. ° M. reads dalasamstha Asur vagnih parata etaik prazddityav eta. * See Brzh. Up. II, 3, 1. ° Professor Cowell, after giving the various readings of his MSS., says, ‘the true reading would seem to be yat satyam tad brahma,
VI PRAPATHAKA, 4. 307 cn
He divided himself threefold, for Om consists of three letters,a +u+m. Through them all this? is contained in him as warp and woof. For thus it is said: ‘Meditate on that Sun as Om, join your Self (the breath) with the (Self of the) Sun.’ 4. And thus it has been said elsewhere: The Udgitha (of the Sama-veda) is the Prazava ? (of the Xeg-veda), and the Prazava is the Udgitha, and thus the Sun is Udgitha, and he is Pravava or Om. For thus it is said’: ‘The Udgitha, called Prawava, the leader (in the performance of sacrifices), the bright 4, the sleepless, free from old age and death, three-footed 5, consisting of three letters (a+u+m), and likewise to be known as fivefold (five prazas) placed in the cave.’ And it is also said: “The three-footed Brahman has its root upward °, the branches are ether, wind, fire, water, earth, &c. This one Asvattha’ by name, the world, is Brahman, and of it that is the light which is called the Sun, and it is also the light of that syllable Om. Therefore let him for ever worship that (breath and sun, as manifestations of Brahman) with the syllable Om.’ He alone enlightens us. For thus it is said:
yad brahma tag gyotir, yad gyotis sa adityah.’ This is exactly the reading of my own MS. ‘ M. reads daivasminn ity evam hyaha. 2 The mystic syllable Om. 8 See Khandog opanishad I, 5; Maitr. Up. VI, 25. * M. reads namarfipam. 5 The three feet of the praza are waking, slumber, and deep sleep; the three feet of the sun, the three worlds, bhiA, bhuvas, svar, asin VII, 11. See also AAand. Up. III, 12. © Cr ieasz. Up. VI, 1. 7 Asvattha, lit. fig-tree, then frequently used metaphorically as a name of the world. Here explainedas ‘it will not stand till to-morrow.’ AZ
p. 308
‘This alone is the pure syllable, this alone is the highest syllable; he who knows that syllable only, whatever he desires, is his '.’ s. And thus it has been said elsewhere: This Om? is the sound-endowed body of him (Prazadityatman). This is his gender-endowed body, viz. feminine, masculine, neuter. This is his light-endowed body, viz. Agni, Vayu, Aditya. This is his lord-endowed body, viz. Brahma, Rudra, Vishvu. This is his mouthendowed body, viz. Garhapatya, DakshizAgni, Ahavaniya*. This is his knowledge-endowed body, viz. Riz, Yagus, SAman. This is his world-endowed body, viz. Bhdd, Bhuvad4, Svar. This is his time-endowed body, viz. Past, Present, Future. This is his heat-endowed body, viz. Breath, Fire, Sun. This is his growthendowed body, viz. Food, Water, Moon. This is his thought-endowed body, viz. intellect, mind, personality. This is his breath-endowed body, viz. Praza, Apana, Vyana. Therefore by the aforesaid syllable Om are all these here enumerated bodies praised and identified (with the PrAwAdityatman). For thus it is said‘: ‘O Satyakéma, the syllable Om is the high and the low Brahman.’ 6. This® (world) was unuttered® Then forsooth Pragapati, having brooded, uttered it in the words BhdZ, Bhuva4, Svar. This is the grossest body of that PragApati, consisting of the three worlds’. Of
" Kath. Up. II, 16. * M. reads tanfir yom iti. * The fires on the three altars. * Prasna Up. V, 2. ® M. reads atha vyattam.
* So far the prazava or Om has been explained; now follows the explanation of the Vyahritis; cf. VI, 2. VyAhriti is derived from vydhar, and means an utterance. ei VAs
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