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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Google This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project to make the world’s books discoverable online. It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that’s often difficult to discover. Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book’s long journey from the publisher to a library and finally to you. Usage guidelines Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. Public domain books belong to the public and we are merely their custodians. Nevertheless, this work is expensive, so in order to keep providing this resource, we have taken steps to prevent abuse by commercial parties, including placing technical restrictions on automated querying. We also ask that you: + Make non-commercial use of the files We designed Google Book Search for use by individuals, and we request that you use these files for personal, non-commercial purposes. + Refrain from automated querying Do not send automated queries of any sort to Google’s system: If you are conducting research on machine translation, optical character recognition or other areas where access to a large amount of text is helpful, please contact us. We encourage the use of public domain materials for these purposes and may be able to help. + Maintain attribution The Google “watermark” you see on each file is essential for informing people about this project and helping them find additional materials through Google Book Search. Please do not remove it. + Keep it legal Whatever your use, remember that you are responsible for ensuring that what you are doing is legal. Do not assume that just because we believe a book is in the public domain for users in the United States, that the work is also in the public domain for users in other countries. Whether a book is still in copyright varies from country to country, and we can’t offer guidance on whether any specific use of any specific book is allowed. Please do not assume that a book’s appearance in Google Book Search means it can be used in any manner anywhere in the world. Copyright infringement liability can be quite severe. About Google Book Search Google’s mission is to organize the world’s information and to make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers discover the world’s books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web at http: //books.google.com/ UNL B 3 O21 315 covers
2Google Book Search helps readers discover the world’s books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web at http: //books.google.com/ UNL B 3 O21 315 covers REESE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY. OF CALIFORNIA. zm Digitized by Google THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST TTR Tr mt JNIVENRSITY eae (14] a London HENRY FROWDE INUSIT10 BS ILLV [MEA fig OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE 7 PATERNOSTER ROW THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST TRANSLATED BY VARIOUS ORIENTAL SCHOLARS AND EDITED BY F. MAX MULLER VOL. XIV @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1882 [Adi rights reserved ] Digitized by Google THE SACRED LAWS OF THE ARYAS AS TAUGHT IN THE SCHOOLS OF APASTAMBA, GAUTAMA, VASISHTAA, AND BAUDHAYANA TRANSLATED BY GEORG BUHLER VASISH7THA AND BAUDHAYANA @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1882 [ All rights reserved } 2232S° CONTENTS. PAGE INTRODUCTION TO VASISHTHA . . . : . . xi InrRopucTION TO BauDHAYANA . . - - . . xxix VASISHTHA DHARMASASTRA. General Rules . : : : . : : . : I ~ Four Castes. . : : : . - : . 9 _ Lawful Occupations . . : : : : : . I Duty of Studying the Veda. : : : . - Ty Definitions : : : . - : : : . 9 Purification =. : : - . : : : . 25 ~ Origin of Castes. : ‘ . : . . . 25 Impurity . . : : : : : : : . 24 Women . : : - : : : . - - 31 Rule of Conduct . . . . . : : - 34 Studentship. : - : . . . : . 40 Householder . : . : : : . . - 42 Hermit . . . . : : : : : . 45 Ascetic . . : : : . . . : . 46 Guests. : : . . . : . . - 49 Sraddhas . : . . . . . . - . gl Sacrifices . . : . . : : : . . 56 Initiation . : . . . : . . : - 57 Snataka .. : : . : : . : - 59 Study of the Veda . : . . : . : - 63 Saluting . . : . . : . . - 67 Lawful and Forbidden Food . : : . : - 69 - Adoption . . : . . . : . . - 75 ~ Excommunication . . : . . . . - 497 Legal Procedure. . . . . . . . 79- Perper - 3) vill CONTENTS. Inheritance Mixed Castes . Duties of a King Penances . Secret Penances Gifts BAUDHAYANA DHARMASASTRA. Sources of the Law Different Customs Studentship Snataka Waterpot . Purification Lawful Livelihood Impurity . Inheritance Impurity . Forbidden Food Sacrifices . Castes The King Criminal Law . Witnesses Marriage . Veda-Study Penances . Inheritance Women Householder Snataka . . The Twilight Devotions . Bathing Tarpaza . Mahayagiias - 178 PAGE 84 93 96 102 124 136 143 146 149 158 160 175 77 180 184 186 199 201 202 205 208 2I1 224 231 237 238 245 249 252 256 CONTENTS. ix - PAGE
3Veda-Study Penances . Inheritance Women Householder Snataka . . The Twilight Devotions . Bathing Tarpaza . Mahayagiias - 178 PAGE 84 93 96 102 124 136 143 146 149 158 160 175 77 180 184 186 199 201 202 205 208 2I1 224 231 237 238 245 249 252 256 CONTENTS. ix - PAGE «- The Four Orders . . . . : . . 258 The Offering to the Vital Airs . . . . . 262 Eating. . . : . . . : . . 264 SrAddhas . . . . . . . . . 266 The Procreation of Sons - . . . . . 271 Ascetic. . . . . . . 273 Ways of Living for Householder . . . . .. 284 Hermits . . . : . . . . . . 291 Penances for a Student . . . . . . . 294 Aghamarshaaa . . . . . . . . . 296 Prasritiyavaka *. . . . . . . . . 297 Kfishmanzdas. . . . . . . . 300 Kandrayana. . . . . . . . . 303 Anasnatparayana . . . . : . . 307 Penances . . . . . . . . . . 310 Secret Penances. . . . . . . . 320 Rites securing Success . . . . . . . 322 Parisishfa on Adoption. . . . . . . 334 InpEx To Parts I anp II (Vols. If and XIV) . - 337 Additions and Corrections . . . . . . . 355 Transliteration of Oriental Alphabets adopted for the Translations of the Sacred Books of the East . . . 357 Digitized by Google ESE ton OS ore “Pp UNIVe ASITY Cote tb FORM c YY we Cz TO VASISHTAA. THE VAsish¢da DharmasAstra is, like that of Gautama, the last remnant of the Sfitras of a Vedic school, which, as far as our knowledge goes at present, has perished, together with the greater part of its writings. We owe the preservation of its Dharma-sftra probably to the special law schools of India, which, attracted as it would seem by its title and the legend connecting it with Vasish¢/a Maitravaruzi, one of the most famous Azshis of the Rig-veda and a redoubtable champion of Brahmanism, made it one of their standard authorities. The early existence of a legend according to which the V4sisht#a Dharma-sfitra was considered either to be a work composed by the Xéshi Vasish¢ha, or at least to contain the sum of his teaching on the duty of man, is indicated by several passages of the work itself. For the Dharma-sitra names Vasishz/a, or appeals to his authority on no less than three occasions. First, we find a rule on lawful interest, which is emphatically ascribed to Vasish¢/a}. ‘Learn the interest for a money lender, the Sftra says, ‘declared by the word of Vasishtha; five m4shas (may be taken) for twenty (karshdpavas every month).’ Again, at the end ofa long string of rules? which contain the observances to be kept by sinners who undergo Krzkkhra penances, Vasishtha’s name is brought forward as the authority for them, and the last words are, ‘Thus speaks the divine Vasish¢ha.’ Finally, the concluding Sdtra of the whole work? gives 1 Vasishtha Dharmasastra IT, 51. 2 Vasishtha Dharmasastra XXIV, 5. 8 VAsishtha Dharmas4stra XXX,11. Similar invocations of teachers at the end of Sitras occur frequently, e.g. Asvalayana Srauta-sitra XII, 15,14; Rigvidhana V, 3, 4; YAska, Nirukta, Roth, p. 216, xii VASISHTHA.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Google This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project to make the world’s books discoverable online. It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that’s often difficult to discover. Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book’s long journey from the publisher to a library and finally to you. Usage guidelines Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. Public domain books belong to the public and we are merely their custodians. Nevertheless, this work is expensive, so in order to keep providing this resource, we have taken steps to prevent abuse by commercial parties, including placing technical restrictions on automated querying. We also ask that you: + Make non-commercial use of the files We designed Google Book Search for use by individuals, and we request that you use these files for personal, non-commercial purposes. + Refrain from automated querying Do not send automated queries of any sort to Google’s system: If you are conducting research on machine translation, optical character recognition or other areas where access to a large amount of text is helpful, please contact us. We encourage the use of public domain materials for these purposes and may be able to help. + Maintain attribution The Google “watermark” you see on each file is essential for informing people about this project and helping them find additional materials through Google Book Search. Please do not remove it. + Keep it legal Whatever your use, remember that you are responsible for ensuring that what you are doing is legal. Do not assume that just because we believe a book is in the public domain for users in the United States, that the work is also in the public domain for users in other countries. Whether a book is still in copyright varies from country to country, and we can’t offer guidance on whether any specific use of any specific book is allowed. Please do not assume that a book’s appearance in Google Book Search means it can be used in any manner anywhere in the world. Copyright infringement liability can be quite severe. About Google Book Search Google’s mission is to organize the world’s information and to make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers discover the world’s books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web at http: //books.google.com/ UNL B 3 O21 315 covers
2Google Book Search helps readers discover the world’s books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web at http: //books.google.com/ UNL B 3 O21 315 covers REESE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY. OF CALIFORNIA. zm Digitized by Google THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST TTR Tr mt JNIVENRSITY eae (14] a London HENRY FROWDE INUSIT10 BS ILLV [MEA fig OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE 7 PATERNOSTER ROW THE SACRED BOOKS OF THE EAST TRANSLATED BY VARIOUS ORIENTAL SCHOLARS AND EDITED BY F. MAX MULLER VOL. XIV @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1882 [Adi rights reserved ] Digitized by Google THE SACRED LAWS OF THE ARYAS AS TAUGHT IN THE SCHOOLS OF APASTAMBA, GAUTAMA, VASISHTAA, AND BAUDHAYANA TRANSLATED BY GEORG BUHLER VASISH7THA AND BAUDHAYANA @rford AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1882 [ All rights reserved } 2232S° CONTENTS. PAGE INTRODUCTION TO VASISHTHA . . . : . . xi InrRopucTION TO BauDHAYANA . . - - . . xxix VASISHTHA DHARMASASTRA. General Rules . : : : . : : . : I ~ Four Castes. . : : : . - : . 9 _ Lawful Occupations . . : : : : : . I Duty of Studying the Veda. : : : . - Ty Definitions : : : . - : : : . 9 Purification =. : : - . : : : . 25 ~ Origin of Castes. : ‘ . : . . . 25 Impurity . . : : : : : : : . 24 Women . : : - : : : . - - 31 Rule of Conduct . . . . . : : - 34 Studentship. : - : . . . : . 40 Householder . : . : : : . . - 42 Hermit . . . . : : : : : . 45 Ascetic . . : : : . . . : . 46 Guests. : : . . . : . . - 49 Sraddhas . : . . . . . . - . gl Sacrifices . . : . . : : : . . 56 Initiation . : . . . : . . : - 57 Snataka .. : : . : : . : - 59 Study of the Veda . : . . : . : - 63 Saluting . . : . . : . . - 67 Lawful and Forbidden Food . : : . : - 69 - Adoption . . : . . . : . . - 75 ~ Excommunication . . : . . . . - 497 Legal Procedure. . . . . . . . 79- Perper - 3) vill CONTENTS. Inheritance Mixed Castes . Duties of a King Penances . Secret Penances Gifts BAUDHAYANA DHARMASASTRA. Sources of the Law Different Customs Studentship Snataka Waterpot . Purification Lawful Livelihood Impurity . Inheritance Impurity . Forbidden Food Sacrifices . Castes The King Criminal Law . Witnesses Marriage . Veda-Study Penances . Inheritance Women Householder Snataka . . The Twilight Devotions . Bathing Tarpaza . Mahayagiias - 178 PAGE 84 93 96 102 124 136 143 146 149 158 160 175 77 180 184 186 199 201 202 205 208 2I1 224 231 237 238 245 249 252 256 CONTENTS. ix - PAGE
3Veda-Study Penances . Inheritance Women Householder Snataka . . The Twilight Devotions . Bathing Tarpaza . Mahayagiias - 178 PAGE 84 93 96 102 124 136 143 146 149 158 160 175 77 180 184 186 199 201 202 205 208 2I1 224 231 237 238 245 249 252 256 CONTENTS. ix - PAGE «- The Four Orders . . . . : . . 258 The Offering to the Vital Airs . . . . . 262 Eating. . . : . . . : . . 264 SrAddhas . . . . . . . . . 266 The Procreation of Sons - . . . . . 271 Ascetic. . . . . . . 273 Ways of Living for Householder . . . . .. 284 Hermits . . . : . . . . . . 291 Penances for a Student . . . . . . . 294 Aghamarshaaa . . . . . . . . . 296 Prasritiyavaka *. . . . . . . . . 297 Kfishmanzdas. . . . . . . . 300 Kandrayana. . . . . . . . . 303 Anasnatparayana . . . . : . . 307 Penances . . . . . . . . . . 310 Secret Penances. . . . . . . . 320 Rites securing Success . . . . . . . 322 Parisishfa on Adoption. . . . . . . 334 InpEx To Parts I anp II (Vols. If and XIV) . - 337 Additions and Corrections . . . . . . . 355 Transliteration of Oriental Alphabets adopted for the Translations of the Sacred Books of the East . . . 357 Digitized by Google ESE ton OS ore “Pp UNIVe ASITY Cote tb FORM c YY we Cz TO VASISHTAA. THE VAsish¢da DharmasAstra is, like that of Gautama, the last remnant of the Sfitras of a Vedic school, which, as far as our knowledge goes at present, has perished, together with the greater part of its writings. We owe the preservation of its Dharma-sftra probably to the special law schools of India, which, attracted as it would seem by its title and the legend connecting it with Vasish¢/a Maitravaruzi, one of the most famous Azshis of the Rig-veda and a redoubtable champion of Brahmanism, made it one of their standard authorities. The early existence of a legend according to which the V4sisht#a Dharma-sfitra was considered either to be a work composed by the Xéshi Vasish¢ha, or at least to contain the sum of his teaching on the duty of man, is indicated by several passages of the work itself. For the Dharma-sitra names Vasishz/a, or appeals to his authority on no less than three occasions. First, we find a rule on lawful interest, which is emphatically ascribed to Vasish¢/a}. ‘Learn the interest for a money lender, the Sftra says, ‘declared by the word of Vasishtha; five m4shas (may be taken) for twenty (karshdpavas every month).’ Again, at the end ofa long string of rules? which contain the observances to be kept by sinners who undergo Krzkkhra penances, Vasishtha’s name is brought forward as the authority for them, and the last words are, ‘Thus speaks the divine Vasish¢ha.’ Finally, the concluding Sdtra of the whole work? gives 1 Vasishtha Dharmasastra IT, 51. 2 Vasishtha Dharmasastra XXIV, 5. 8 VAsishtha Dharmas4stra XXX,11. Similar invocations of teachers at the end of Sitras occur frequently, e.g. Asvalayana Srauta-sitra XII, 15,14; Rigvidhana V, 3, 4; YAska, Nirukta, Roth, p. 216, xii VASISHTHA.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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