Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Govindasvamin. ‘Men who are in three orders, i.e. a student, a householder, and ascetic,’ see Gautama XXVIII, 49. 21-23. Vishwu XXIX, 1-2. 24. Gautama VII, 25. _25. Vishnu II, 6. ' 26-34. Vishvu LXII, 1-9. III, 36. PURIFICATION. the wrist, and sitting with his face turned towar the east or towards the north, he shall thrice sip water out of the Tirtha sacred to Brahman, (i.e.) the part of the hand above the root of the thumb, without uttering any sound ; 27. He shall twice wipe (his mouth with the root of the thumb); 28. He shall touch the cavities (of the head) with water ; 29. He shall pour water on his head and on the left hand; 30. He shall not sip water while walking, standing, lying down or bending forward. 31. ABrahmaza (becomes pure) by (sipping) water, free from bubbles and foam, that reaches his heart, 32. ButaKshatriya by (sipping water) that reaches his throat, 33. A Vaisya by (sipping water) that wets his palate, 34. A woman and a Sidra by merely touching water (with the lips). 35. Water (for sipping may) even (be taken) out of a hole in the ground, if it is fit to slake the thirst of cows. 36. (He shall not purify himself with water) which has been defiled with colours, perfumes, or flavouring substances, nor with such as is collected in unclean places. 30. Krishnapandita is probably right in thinking that the word va, ‘or,’ inserted before ‘bending forward, is intended to forbid other improper acts, gestures or postures, which are reprehended in other Smritis. 35. Vishzu XXIII, 43; Manu V, 128. 36. ‘Collected in unclean places, e.g. in a burial-ground,’— Krishnapandita. 22 VASISHTHA. Ill, 37. 37. Drops (of saliva) falling from the mouth, which do not touch a limb of the body, do not make (a man) impure. 38. If, after having sipped water, he sleeps, eats, sneezes, drinks, weeps or bathes, or puts on a dress, he must again sip water, 39. Likewise, if he touches (that part of) the lips on which no hair grows. 40. No defilement is caused by the hair of the moustache (entering the mouth). 41. If (remnants of food) adhere to the teeth, (they are pure) like the teeth, and he is purified by swallowing those which (become detached) in the mouth. 42. He is not defiled by the drops which fall on his feet, while somebody gives to others water for sipping; they are stated to be equally (clean) as the ground. 43. If, while occupied with eatables, he touches any impure substance, then he shall place that thing (which he holds in his hand) on the ground, sip water and afterwards again use it. 44. Let him sprinkle with water all objects (the purity of) which may be doubtful. 45. ‘Both wild animals killed by dogs, and fruit thrown by birds (from the tree), what has been spoilt by children, and what has been handled by women,’ 37. Gautama I, 41. 38 Gautama I, 37. 39. Apastamba I, 5, 16, 10. 40. Apastamba I, 5, 16, 11. 41. Gautama I, 38-40. 42. Manu V, 142.
245. ‘Both wild animals killed by dogs, and fruit thrown by birds (from the tree), what has been spoilt by children, and what has been handled by women,’ 37. Gautama I, 41. 38 Gautama I, 37. 39. Apastamba I, 5, 16, 10. 40. Apastamba I, 5, 16, 11. 41. Gautama I, 38-40. 42. Manu V, 142. 43. Vishvu XXIII, 55. ‘ Occupied with eatables,’ i.e. ‘ eating.’ — Krishnapandita. 45. Vishvu XXIII, 50. This and the following two Sftras are a quotation, as appears from the use of the particle iti at the end of Satra 47. IIL, 55. PURIFICATION. 23 46. ‘A vendible commodity tendered for sale and what is not dirtied by gnats and flies that have settled on it,’ 47. ‘Likewise water collected on the ground that quenches the thirst of cows,—enumerating all these things, the Lord of created beings has declared them to be pure.’ 48. Anything defiled by unclean (substances) becomes pure when the stains and the smell have been removed by water and earth. 49. (Objects) made of metal must be scoured with ashes, those made of clay should be thoroughly heated by fire, those made of wood should be planed, and (cloth) made of thread should be washed. 50. Stones and gems (should be treated) like objects made of metal, 51. Conch-shells and pearl-shells like gems, 52. (Objects made of) bone like wood, 53. Ropes, chips (of bamboo), and leather become pure (if treated) like clothes, 54. (Objects) made.of fruits, (if rubbed) with (a brush of) cow-hair, 55. Linen cloth, (if smeared) with a paste of yellow mustard (and washed afterwards with water). 46. Manu V, 129. 47. Vishnau XXIII, 43. 48. Gautama I, 42. For the explanation of the term amedhya, ‘unclean substances,’ see Manu V, 135, and the passage from Devala translated in Professor Jolly’s note on Vishnu XXIII, 38. 49. Gautama I, 29; Vishzu XXIII, 26, 33, 27, 18. 50-51. Gautama IT, 30. 52. Gautama I, 31 and note; Vishvu XXIII, 4. 53- Gautama I, 33. 54. Vishvu XXIII, 28. Cups and bottles made of the shell of the cocoa-nut or of the Bilva (Bel) fruit and of bottle-gourds are meant. 55. Vishzu XXIII, 22. 24 VASISHTHA. Ill, 56. 56. But land becomes pure, according to the de- _ gree of defilement, by sweeping (the defiled spot), by smearing. it with cowdung, by scraping it, by sprinkling (water) or by heaping (pure earth) on (it). 57. Now they quote also (the following verses) : ‘Land is purified by these four methods, by digging, burning, scraping, being trodden on by cows, and fifthly by being smeared with cowdung.’ 58. ‘A woman is purified by her monthly discharge, a river by its current, brass by (being scoured with) ashes, and an earthen pot by another burning.’ 59. ‘But an earthen vessel which has been defiled by spirituous liquor, urine, ordure, phlegm, pus, tears, or blood cannot be purified even by another burning.’ 60. ‘The body is purified by water, the internal organ by truth, the soul by sacred learning and austerities, and the understanding by knowledge.’ 61. Gold is purified by water alone,
3‘The body is purified by water, the internal organ by truth, the soul by sacred learning and austerities, and the understanding by knowledge.’ 61. Gold is purified by water alone, 62. Likewise silver, . 56. Vishwu XXIII, 56-57. Kriéshnapandita takes upakarana, ‘heaping (pure earth) on (the defiled spot),’ to. mean ‘lighting a fire on it’ or ‘digging it up.’ The translation given above rests on the parallel passages of Gautama I, 32, and of Baudhayana I, 5, 52, bhimes tu sammarganaprokshanopalepandvastaranopalekhanairyathasthanam doshaviseshat prayatyam, ‘land becomes pure, according to the degree of the defilement, by sweeping the (defiled) spot, by sprinkling it, by smearing it with cowdung, by scattering (pure earth) on it, or by scraping it.’ Bhfmi, ‘land,’ includes also the mud-floor of a house or of a verandah. 57. Some MSS. have instead of gharshat, ‘ by scraping,’ varshat, ‘by rain;’ see also note on Gautama I, 32. 58. Vishzu XXII, 91. 59. Vishvu XXIII, 5. _ 60. Identical with Manu V, 109, and Vishzu XXII, 92. 61-62. Vishnu XXIII,7. Krishnapandita points out that these IV, 3- ORIGIN OF THE CASTES, 25 63. Copper is cleansed by acids. 64. The Tirtha sacred to the Gods lies at the root of the little finger, 65. That sacred to the Rishis in the middle of’ the fingers, 66. That sacred to Men at the tips of the fingers, 67. That sacred to Agni (fire) in the middle of the hand, 68. That sacred to the Manes between the forefinger and the thumb. 69. He shall honour (his food at) the evening and morning meals (saying), ‘It pleases me,’ 70. At meals in honour of the Manes (saying), ‘I have dined well,’ . 71. At (a dinner given on the occasion of) rites procuring prosperity (saying), ‘It is perfect.’ Cuapter IV. 1. The four castes are distinguished by their J origin and by particular sacraments. 2. There is also the following passage of the Veda, ‘The Bradhmaza was his mouth, the Kshatriya formed his arms, the Vaisya his thighs; the Sddra was born from his feet.’ 3. It has been declared in (the following passage two rules and that given in the next Sfitra refer to cases in which gold, silver, and copper have not been stained by impure substances. 63. Vishvu XXIII, 25. 64-68. Vishzu LXII, 1-4; Apastamba II, a, 3, 1¥- 69. Vishvu LXVIII, 42. The Sfitra is also intended to prescribe that the number of the daily meals is two only. yo. Manu III, 251. . 41. The rites referred to are, according to Krishnapandita, marriages, feeding Brahmavas, Nandisraddhas, and the like. IV. 1. ManuI, 87. . 2. Rig-veda X, 90, 12. 26 VASISHTHA. IV, 4. of) the Veda that (a Sfddra) shall not receive the sacraments, ‘He created the Brahmaza with the | Gayatrt (metre), the Kshatriya with the Trish¢ubh, | the Vaisya with the Gagati, the Sadra without any metre.’ 4. Truthfulness, suppression of anger, liberality, abstention from injuring living beings, and the procreation of offspring (are duties common to) all (castes).
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1Govindasvamin. ‘Men who are in three orders, i.e. a student, a householder, and ascetic,’ see Gautama XXVIII, 49. 21-23. Vishwu XXIX, 1-2. 24. Gautama VII, 25. _25. Vishnu II, 6. ' 26-34. Vishvu LXII, 1-9. III, 36. PURIFICATION. the wrist, and sitting with his face turned towar the east or towards the north, he shall thrice sip water out of the Tirtha sacred to Brahman, (i.e.) the part of the hand above the root of the thumb, without uttering any sound ; 27. He shall twice wipe (his mouth with the root of the thumb); 28. He shall touch the cavities (of the head) with water ; 29. He shall pour water on his head and on the left hand; 30. He shall not sip water while walking, standing, lying down or bending forward. 31. ABrahmaza (becomes pure) by (sipping) water, free from bubbles and foam, that reaches his heart, 32. ButaKshatriya by (sipping water) that reaches his throat, 33. A Vaisya by (sipping water) that wets his palate, 34. A woman and a Sidra by merely touching water (with the lips). 35. Water (for sipping may) even (be taken) out of a hole in the ground, if it is fit to slake the thirst of cows. 36. (He shall not purify himself with water) which has been defiled with colours, perfumes, or flavouring substances, nor with such as is collected in unclean places. 30. Krishnapandita is probably right in thinking that the word va, ‘or,’ inserted before ‘bending forward, is intended to forbid other improper acts, gestures or postures, which are reprehended in other Smritis. 35. Vishzu XXIII, 43; Manu V, 128. 36. ‘Collected in unclean places, e.g. in a burial-ground,’— Krishnapandita. 22 VASISHTHA. Ill, 37. 37. Drops (of saliva) falling from the mouth, which do not touch a limb of the body, do not make (a man) impure. 38. If, after having sipped water, he sleeps, eats, sneezes, drinks, weeps or bathes, or puts on a dress, he must again sip water, 39. Likewise, if he touches (that part of) the lips on which no hair grows. 40. No defilement is caused by the hair of the moustache (entering the mouth). 41. If (remnants of food) adhere to the teeth, (they are pure) like the teeth, and he is purified by swallowing those which (become detached) in the mouth. 42. He is not defiled by the drops which fall on his feet, while somebody gives to others water for sipping; they are stated to be equally (clean) as the ground. 43. If, while occupied with eatables, he touches any impure substance, then he shall place that thing (which he holds in his hand) on the ground, sip water and afterwards again use it. 44. Let him sprinkle with water all objects (the purity of) which may be doubtful. 45. ‘Both wild animals killed by dogs, and fruit thrown by birds (from the tree), what has been spoilt by children, and what has been handled by women,’ 37. Gautama I, 41. 38 Gautama I, 37. 39. Apastamba I, 5, 16, 10. 40. Apastamba I, 5, 16, 11. 41. Gautama I, 38-40. 42. Manu V, 142.
245. ‘Both wild animals killed by dogs, and fruit thrown by birds (from the tree), what has been spoilt by children, and what has been handled by women,’ 37. Gautama I, 41. 38 Gautama I, 37. 39. Apastamba I, 5, 16, 10. 40. Apastamba I, 5, 16, 11. 41. Gautama I, 38-40. 42. Manu V, 142. 43. Vishvu XXIII, 55. ‘ Occupied with eatables,’ i.e. ‘ eating.’ — Krishnapandita. 45. Vishvu XXIII, 50. This and the following two Sftras are a quotation, as appears from the use of the particle iti at the end of Satra 47. IIL, 55. PURIFICATION. 23 46. ‘A vendible commodity tendered for sale and what is not dirtied by gnats and flies that have settled on it,’ 47. ‘Likewise water collected on the ground that quenches the thirst of cows,—enumerating all these things, the Lord of created beings has declared them to be pure.’ 48. Anything defiled by unclean (substances) becomes pure when the stains and the smell have been removed by water and earth. 49. (Objects) made of metal must be scoured with ashes, those made of clay should be thoroughly heated by fire, those made of wood should be planed, and (cloth) made of thread should be washed. 50. Stones and gems (should be treated) like objects made of metal, 51. Conch-shells and pearl-shells like gems, 52. (Objects made of) bone like wood, 53. Ropes, chips (of bamboo), and leather become pure (if treated) like clothes, 54. (Objects) made.of fruits, (if rubbed) with (a brush of) cow-hair, 55. Linen cloth, (if smeared) with a paste of yellow mustard (and washed afterwards with water). 46. Manu V, 129. 47. Vishnau XXIII, 43. 48. Gautama I, 42. For the explanation of the term amedhya, ‘unclean substances,’ see Manu V, 135, and the passage from Devala translated in Professor Jolly’s note on Vishnu XXIII, 38. 49. Gautama I, 29; Vishzu XXIII, 26, 33, 27, 18. 50-51. Gautama IT, 30. 52. Gautama I, 31 and note; Vishvu XXIII, 4. 53- Gautama I, 33. 54. Vishvu XXIII, 28. Cups and bottles made of the shell of the cocoa-nut or of the Bilva (Bel) fruit and of bottle-gourds are meant. 55. Vishzu XXIII, 22. 24 VASISHTHA. Ill, 56. 56. But land becomes pure, according to the de- _ gree of defilement, by sweeping (the defiled spot), by smearing. it with cowdung, by scraping it, by sprinkling (water) or by heaping (pure earth) on (it). 57. Now they quote also (the following verses) : ‘Land is purified by these four methods, by digging, burning, scraping, being trodden on by cows, and fifthly by being smeared with cowdung.’ 58. ‘A woman is purified by her monthly discharge, a river by its current, brass by (being scoured with) ashes, and an earthen pot by another burning.’ 59. ‘But an earthen vessel which has been defiled by spirituous liquor, urine, ordure, phlegm, pus, tears, or blood cannot be purified even by another burning.’ 60. ‘The body is purified by water, the internal organ by truth, the soul by sacred learning and austerities, and the understanding by knowledge.’ 61. Gold is purified by water alone,
3‘The body is purified by water, the internal organ by truth, the soul by sacred learning and austerities, and the understanding by knowledge.’ 61. Gold is purified by water alone, 62. Likewise silver, . 56. Vishwu XXIII, 56-57. Kriéshnapandita takes upakarana, ‘heaping (pure earth) on (the defiled spot),’ to. mean ‘lighting a fire on it’ or ‘digging it up.’ The translation given above rests on the parallel passages of Gautama I, 32, and of Baudhayana I, 5, 52, bhimes tu sammarganaprokshanopalepandvastaranopalekhanairyathasthanam doshaviseshat prayatyam, ‘land becomes pure, according to the degree of the defilement, by sweeping the (defiled) spot, by sprinkling it, by smearing it with cowdung, by scattering (pure earth) on it, or by scraping it.’ Bhfmi, ‘land,’ includes also the mud-floor of a house or of a verandah. 57. Some MSS. have instead of gharshat, ‘ by scraping,’ varshat, ‘by rain;’ see also note on Gautama I, 32. 58. Vishzu XXII, 91. 59. Vishvu XXIII, 5. _ 60. Identical with Manu V, 109, and Vishzu XXII, 92. 61-62. Vishnu XXIII,7. Krishnapandita points out that these IV, 3- ORIGIN OF THE CASTES, 25 63. Copper is cleansed by acids. 64. The Tirtha sacred to the Gods lies at the root of the little finger, 65. That sacred to the Rishis in the middle of’ the fingers, 66. That sacred to Men at the tips of the fingers, 67. That sacred to Agni (fire) in the middle of the hand, 68. That sacred to the Manes between the forefinger and the thumb. 69. He shall honour (his food at) the evening and morning meals (saying), ‘It pleases me,’ 70. At meals in honour of the Manes (saying), ‘I have dined well,’ . 71. At (a dinner given on the occasion of) rites procuring prosperity (saying), ‘It is perfect.’ Cuapter IV. 1. The four castes are distinguished by their J origin and by particular sacraments. 2. There is also the following passage of the Veda, ‘The Bradhmaza was his mouth, the Kshatriya formed his arms, the Vaisya his thighs; the Sddra was born from his feet.’ 3. It has been declared in (the following passage two rules and that given in the next Sfitra refer to cases in which gold, silver, and copper have not been stained by impure substances. 63. Vishvu XXIII, 25. 64-68. Vishzu LXII, 1-4; Apastamba II, a, 3, 1¥- 69. Vishvu LXVIII, 42. The Sfitra is also intended to prescribe that the number of the daily meals is two only. yo. Manu III, 251. . 41. The rites referred to are, according to Krishnapandita, marriages, feeding Brahmavas, Nandisraddhas, and the like. IV. 1. ManuI, 87. . 2. Rig-veda X, 90, 12. 26 VASISHTHA. IV, 4. of) the Veda that (a Sfddra) shall not receive the sacraments, ‘He created the Brahmaza with the | Gayatrt (metre), the Kshatriya with the Trish¢ubh, | the Vaisya with the Gagati, the Sadra without any metre.’ 4. Truthfulness, suppression of anger, liberality, abstention from injuring living beings, and the procreation of offspring (are duties common to) all (castes).
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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