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1À cette lettre finira donc, pour le penseur comme pour le poète, cette enfance grandiose et cette jeunesse incomprise. Là se termine le contour de ce germe moral : les philosophes en regretteront les frondaisons atteintes par la gelée dans leurs bourgeons ; mais sans doute ils en verront les fleurs écloses dans des régions plus élevées que ne le sont les plus hauts lieux de la terre. Paris, septembre-novembre 1819. « Cher oncle, je vais bientôt quitter ce pays, où je ne saurais vivre. Je n’y vois aucun homme aimer ce que j’aime, s’occuper de ce qui m’occupe, s’étonner de ce qui m’étonne. Forcé de me replier sur moi-même, je me creuse et souffre. La longue et patiente étude que je viens de faire de cette Société donne des conclusions tristes où le doute domine. Ici le point de départ en tout est l’argent. Il faut de l’argent, même pour se passer d’argent. Mais quoique ce métal soit nécessaire à qui veut penser tranquillement, je ne me sens pas le courage de le rendre l’unique mobile de mes pensées. Pour amasser une fortune, il faut choisir un état ; en un mot, acheter par quelque privilége de position ou d’achalandage, par un privilége légal ou fort habilement créé, le droit de prendre chaque jour, dans la bourse d’autrui, une somme assez mince qui, chaque année, produit un petit capital ; lequel par vingt années donne à peine quatre ou cinq mille francs de rente quand un homme se conduit honnêtement. En quinze ou seize ans et après son apprentissage, l’avoué, le notaire, le marchand, tous les travailleurs patentés ont gagné du pain pour leurs vieux jours.
2Je ne me suis senti propre à rien en ce genre. Je préfère la pensée à l’action, une idée à une affaire, la contemplation au mouvement. Je manque essentiellement de la constante attention nécessaire à qui veut faire fortune. Toute entreprise mercantile, toute obligation de demander de l’argent à autrui, me conduirait à mal, et je serais bientôt ruiné. Si je n’ai rien, au moins ne dois-je rien en ce moment. Il faut matériellement peu à celui qui vit pour accomplir de grandes choses dans l’ordre moral ; mais quoique vingt sous par jour puissent me suffire, je ne possède pas la rente de cette oisiveté travailleuse. Si je veux méditer, le besoin me chasse hors du sanctuaire où se meut ma pensée. Que vais-je devenir ? La misère ne m’effraie pas. Si l’on n’emprisonnait, si l’on ne flétrissait, si l’on ne méprisait point les mendiants, je mendierais pour pouvoir résoudre à mon aise les problèmes qui m’occupent. Mais cette sublime résignation par laquelle je pourrais émanciper ma pensée en la libérant de mon corps ne servirait à rien : il faut encore de l’argent pour se livrer à certaines expériences. Sans cela, j’eusse accepté l’indigence apparente d’un penseur qui possède la terre et le ciel. Pour être grand dans la misère, il suffit de ne jamais s’avilir. L’homme qui combat et souffre en marchant vers un noble but, présente certes un beau spectacle ; mais ici qui se sent la force de lutter ? On escalade des rochers, on ne peut pas toujours piétiner dans la boue. Ici tout décourage le vol en droite ligne d’un esprit qui tend à l’avenir.
3Je ne me craindrais pas dans une grotte au désert, et je me crains ici. Au désert, je serais avec moi-même sans distraction ; ici, l’homme éprouve une foule de besoins qui le rapetissent. Quand vous êtes sorti rêveur, préoccupé, la voix du pauvre vous rappelle au milieu de ce monde de faim et de soif, en vous demandant l’aumône. Il faut de l’argent pour se promener. Les organes, incessamment fatigués par des riens, ne se reposent jamais. La nerveuse disposition du poète est ici sans cesse ébranlée et ce qui doit faire sa gloire devient son tourment : son imagination y est sa plus cruelle ennemie. Ici l’ouvrier blessé, l’indigente en couches, la fille publique devenue malade, l’enfant abandonné, le vieillard infirme, les vices, le crime lui-même trouvent un asile et des soins ; tandis que le monde est impitoyable pour l’inventeur, pour tout homme qui médite. Ici, tout doit avoir un résultat immédiat, réel ; l’on s’y moque des essais d’abord infructueux qui peuvent mener aux plus grandes découvertes, et l’on n’y estime pas cette étude constante et profonde qui veut une longue concentration des forces. L’État pourrait solder le Talent, comme il solde la Baïonnette ; mais il tremble d’être trompé par l’homme d’intelligence, comme si l’on pouvait long-temps contrefaire le génie. Ah ! mon oncle, quand on a détruit les solitudes conventuelles, assises au pied des monts, sous des ombrages verts et silencieux, ne devait-on pas construire des hospices pour les âmes souffrantes qui par une seule pensée engendrent le mieux des nations, ou préparent les progrès d’une science ? »
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
1The third phase I was not destined to see. It began when Lambert and I were parted, for he did not leave college till he was eighteen, in the summer of 1815. He had at that time lost his father and mother about six months before. Finding no member of his family with whom his soul could sympathize, expansive still, but, since our part252 BALZAC’S WORKS ing, thrown back on himself, he made his home with his uncle, who was also his guardian, and who, having been turned out of his benefice as.a priest who had taken the oaths, had come to settle at Blois. There Louis lived for some time; but, consumed erelong by the desire to finish his incomplete studies, he came to Paris to see Madame de Staél, and to drink of science at its highest fount. The old priest, being very fond of his nephew, left Louis free to spend his whole little inheritance in his three years’ stay in Paris, though he lived very poorly. This fortune consisted of but a few thousand francs. Lambert returned to Blois at the beginning of 1820, driven from Paris by the sufferings to which the impecunious are exposed there. He must often have been a victim to the secret storms, the terrible rage of mind by which artists are tossed, to judge from the only fact his uncle recollected, and the only letter he preserved of all those which Louis Lambert wrote to him at that time, perhaps because it was the last and the longest.
2To begin with the story. Louis one evening was at the Théatre-Frangais, seated on a bench in the upper gallery, near to one of the pillars which, in those days, divided off the third row of boxes. On rising between the acts, he saw a young woman who had just come into the box next him. The sight of this lady, who was young, pretty, well dressed, in a low bodice no doubt, and escorted by a man for whom her face beamed with all the charms of love, produced such a terrible effect on Lambert’s soul and senses that he was obliged to leave the theatre. If he had not been controlled by some remaining glimmer of reason, which was not wholly extinguished by this first fever of burning passion, he might perhaps have yielded to the almost irresistible desire that LOUIS LAMBERT 2538 came over him to kill’ the young man on whom the lady’s looks beamed. Was not this a reversion, in the heart of the Paris world, to the savage passion that regards woman as its prey, an effect of animal instinct combining with the almost luminous flashes of a soul crushed under the weight of thought? In short, was it not the prick of the penknife so vividly imagined by the: boy, felt by the man as the thunderbolt of his most vital craving—for love? And now, here is the letter that depicts the state of his mind as it was struck by the spectacle of Parisian civilization. His feelings, perpetually wounded no doubt in that whirlpool of self-interest, must always have suffered there; he probably had no friend to comfort him, no enemy to give tone to his life. Compelled to live in himself alone, having no one to share his subtle raptures, he may have hoped to solve the problem of his destiny by a life of ecstasy, adopting an almost vegetative attitude, like an anchorite of the early Church, and abdicating the empire of the intellectual world. This letter seems to hint at such a scheme, which is a temptation to all lofty souls at periods of social reform. But is not this purpose, in some cases, the result of a vocation? Do not some of them endeavor to concentrate their powers by long silence, so as to emerge fully capable of governing the world by word or by deed? Louis must, assuredly, have found much bitterness in his intercourse with men, or have. striven hard with Society in terrible irony, without extracting anything from it, before uttering so strident a cry, and expressing, poor fellow, the desire which satiety of power and of all earthly things has \ed even monarchs to indulge! And perhaps, too, he went back to solitude to carry out 254 BALZAC’S WORKS —
3some great work that was floating inchoate in his brain. We would gladly believe it as we read this fragment of his thoughts, betraying the struggle of his soul at the time when youth was ending and the terrible power of production was coming into being, to which we might have owed the works of the man. This letter connects itself with the adventure at the theatre. The incident and the letter throw light on each other, body and soul were tuned to the same pitch. This tempest of doubts and asseverations, of clouds and of lightnings that flash before the thunder, ending by a starved yearning for heavenly illumination, throws such a light on the third phase of his education as enables us to understand it perfectly. As we read these lines, written at chance moments, taken up when the vicissitudes of life in Paris allowed, may we not fancy that we see an oak at that stage of its growth when its inner expansion bursts the tender green bark, covering it with wrinkles and cracks, when its majestic stature is in preparation—if indeed the lightnings of heaven and the axe of man shall spare it? This letter, then, will close, alike for the poet and the philosopher, this portentous childhood and unappreciated youth. It finishes off the outline of this nature in its germ. Philosophers will regret the foliage frost-nipped in the bud; but they will, perhaps, find the flowers expanding in regions far above the highest places of the earth.
Our translation, period-faithful. Citable as our translation, never as the source.
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