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115 THE DEMIURGE (Continuation) By Palingenius In distinguishing Evil from Good, one creates them by this very distinction, for Good and Evil are not such except when one is opposed to the other, and, if there is no Evil, neither can one speak of Good in the common sense of this word, but only of Perfection.
2It is, then, the fatal illusion of Dualism that realises Good and Evil and which, considering things from a particularised point of view, substitutes Multiplicity for Unity and thus encloses the beings over whom it exercises its power in the domain of confusion and of division.
3This domain is the empire of the Demiurge.
4II What we have said on the distinction between Good and Evil makes it possible to understand the symbol of the original Fall, at least so far as these things can be expressed.
5The fragmentation of the total Truth, or of the Word — for at bottom it is the same — a fragmentation that produces relativity, is identical with the segmentation of Adam Kadmon, whose separated particles constitute the Adam Protoplast, that is, the first former: the cause of this segmentation is Nahash, Egoism or the desire for individual existence.
6This Nahash is not a cause exterior to man but is within him, at first in a potential state, and it does not become exterior except in the measure in which man himself exteriorises it; this instinct of separativity, by its very nature, which is that of provoking division, drives man to taste the fruit of the Tree of the Science of Good and Evil, that is, to create the distinction between Good and Evil.
7Then his eyes open, because what was interior has become exterior in consequence of the separation that has been produced between beings; these are now clothed in forms that limit and define their individual existence, and thus man was the first former. But he too finds himself then subjected to the conditions of that individual existence and clothed in a form or, according to the biblical expression, in a tunic of skin; he is enclosed in the domain of Good and Evil, in the empire of the Demiurge.
8One sees from this exposition, which is moreover much abridged and incomplete, that in reality the Demiurge is not a power exterior to man; it is, in principle, nothing but the will of man insofar as it realises the distinction between Good and Evil.
9But afterwards man, limited as an individual being by this will which is his own, considers it as something external to himself, and thus it becomes distinct from him; still more, as it opposes the efforts he makes to leave the domain in which he has enclosed himself, he considers it a hostile power and calls it Satan or the Adversary.
10Let us note, moreover, that this Adversary, which we ourselves have created and which we create at every instant — for this must not be considered as having taken place at a determined epoch — that this Adversary, we say, is not evil in itself, but is only the assemblage of all that is contrary to us.
11From a more general point of view, the Demiurge, become a distinct power and considered as such, is the Prince of this World of whom the Gospel of John speaks; thus too he is not, properly speaking, either good or evil or, rather, he is the one and the other, since he contains within himself Good and Evil.
12His domain is considered as the Lower World, opposing itself to the Higher World or to the principial Universe, from which it has been
Our translation, period-faithful. Citable as our translation, never as the source.
Nº 47 closes the run's fifth year with the sunburst cover unchanged since the redesign. The issue is dominated by a single work: Hipatía's twelve-page memorial monograph on Saint-Yves d'Alveydre, the longest single study of a European occultist the review had yet printed.
The inside cover is entirely reset this month. The long roster of pseudonymous collaborators with their degree-strings (SEVAKA, JEHEL, ASURI KAPILA…) that had run since the early volumes is replaced by a single collective formula — 'Instructors and Brothers of Orders' — and the page now leads with a currency notice: Uruguayan banks were taking a full gold peso in commission on foreign remittances, and the overseas price rises from 1.20 to 1.80 dollars. A small window onto the postwar exchange-control economy as experienced by a Montevideo esoteric monthly.
The SUMARIO shows the issue's proportions: the Saint-Yves memorial fills pages 3–14, Guénon's Demiurge serial and the chromotherapy course share the scientific section, and the literary pages carry a visit to the poet Ángel Falco and a member's initiation-anniversary poem.
The monograph was read at 'Papus Centre N. 5' on 5 February 1946 — the thirty-seventh anniversary, to the day, of Saint-Yves d'Alveydre's death at Versailles on 5 February 1909. The Montevideo group kept the French Martinist commemorative calendar: Papus had venerated Saint-Yves as his 'intellectual master', and the centre named for Papus honoured the master of its namesake.
The biographical frame is accurate: Joseph Alexandre Saint-Yves was born in Paris on 26 March 1842 (the lecture says the 28th — sources differ on the day), son of Guillaume-Alexandre Saint-Yves, a physician of the asylum world ('alienist' is the period term for psychiatrist). The hour of birth is given because the whole monograph is structured as a horoscope reading — each life-period opens with the astrological configuration said to govern it.
'De Metz' is Frédéric-Auguste Demetz (1796–1873), the reforming magistrate who founded the agricultural penal colony of Mettray near Tours in 1839 — a famous experiment in redemptive rather than punitive detention. Saint-Yves was sent there as an unruly adolescent, and his own later writings credit Demetz exactly as the lecture does: the man who turned obedience from subjection into assent. The motto quoted — 'Everything for liberty, nothing by obligation' — is the germ the lecture finds in his whole social doctrine.
The intellectual genealogy given here is the standard French esoteric lineage: Court de Gébelin's 'synthetic school' of the late eighteenth century, transmitted through Antoine Fabre d'Olivet (1767–1825), whose 'La Langue hébraïque restituée' and 'Histoire philosophique du genre humain' furnished Saint-Yves with both his linguistic method and his panoramic view of civilisations. The lecture is candid about the debt — 'Fabre d'Olivet gave the material for the work' — a debt Saint-Yves himself was slower to acknowledge.
The dedication names Vayuananda — the lodge-name of the teacher whose course materials survive in this estate as the Vayu corpus. The poem is dated evidence of his initiating activity in the Montevideo group in late 1945–early 1946.
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The lineage traced here — Court de Gébelin → Fabre d'Olivet → Saint-Yves — is the second great French filiation beside the one this review had studied in Nº 41: Martinez de Pasqually → Saint-Martin. The two streams meet in Papus, who claimed both the Martinist succession and Saint-Yves' synarchic teaching, and whose order the Montevideo group continued.
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The early titles are real: 'Les Clefs de l'Orient' (1877) and the youthful poetry preceded the Missions. The 1870 episode — rushing back from Jersey to serve in the Franco-Prussian war — and the deaths of his mother, brother and Demetz in the 1870s are drawn from the memorial tradition established by his disciples' obituaries.
The Countess of Keller was Marie-Victoire de Riznitch (1827–1895), widow of Count de Keller, whom Saint-Yves married in 1877; her fortune and connections made the Missions possible, and after her death he called her 'the angel of the Archeometer'. The statement that she was 'the morganatic widow of Tsar Alexander II' belongs to the hagiographic legend, not to the record — Alexander II's morganatic wife was Catherine Dolgorukova. The lecture transmits the tradition as the Martinist circle received it.
The bibliography with dates is exact: Mission des Souverains (1882), Mission des Ouvriers (1882), Mission des Juifs (1884), La France vraie (1887), Jeanne d'Arc victorieuse (1890, given here as 1889). The footnote apparatus on this page — the numbered opuscules and royal poems — reproduces the lecture's own scholarly notes, a rarity in the review's pages.
At this point the lecturer steps beyond Saint-Yves: 'going even further, we would say' — the synarchy of humanity requires the synarchy of each man, the trinitarian law applied inside the triple constitution of body, soul and spirit. This inward turn — reading a social doctrine as a discipline of the person — is the review's characteristic move, the same one it performs on astrology, colour and number throughout the run.
The Agartha episode: after the Mission des Juifs appeared, Saint-Yves received Sanskrit lessons in 1885–86 from a teacher he called Hardjji Scharipf, from whom the Agartha and Vattan material derives. The 'Mission de l'Inde' was printed in 1886 and immediately destroyed by its author — one copy survived, and the book only appeared posthumously in 1910. The lecture's account — 'withdrawn at once, fearing to compromise his Guru' — is Saint-Yves' own stated reason.
'La Théogonie des Patriarches' and 'L'Archéomètre' were both posthumous, assembled by the 'Amis de Saint-Yves' — the circle around Papus — and published in 1909–1911. The Archeometer itself, the circular 'measure of the principle' correlating alphabets, planets, zodiac, colours, notes and numbers, became the master-diagram of French occult correspondence-science; the review's own colour and astrology courses stand in its shadow.
The seaweed venture is genuine biography: in the 1880s Saint-Yves took patents on some twenty industrial applications of marine algae ('goémon'), hoping to fund the synarchic programme by production rather than patronage. The maxim quoted — 'utility is the last word of wisdom' — is his; the lecture makes it the bridge from the Missions to the applied Archeometer.
Saint-Yves died at Versailles on 5 February 1909; the tomb 'built according to the living key of the Archeometer' stands in the Gonards cemetery. The closing invocation to IEVE-IESUS — the archeometric name of the Word — turns the lecture into liturgy: the Centre's commemoration ends by praying the prayer with which Saint-Yves closed his own Mission.
'Palingenius' is René Guénon (1886–1951): 'El Demiurgo' is a Spanish rendering of 'Le Démiurge', Guénon's first published essay, which opened the journal La Gnose in November 1909 under that pen-name. The review is serialising, in 1946 Montevideo, the debut text of the century's most influential traditionalist — the kabbalistic frame (Adam Kadmon, Nahash, the tunic of skin) is Guénon's own.
Guénon's image of the Demiurge as a 'tenebrous and inverted reflection' — the two opposed triangles of the Seal of Solomon, the two old men of the Zohar — restates the review's constant teaching that evil has no substance of its own: separation is real only in the measure we realise it. Compare the Demiurge sections in the preceding instalments, where the same argument was built from the distinction of Good and Evil.
The chromotherapy serial resumes with its experimental dossier: plant germination under coloured light, Henri Mager's coloured dowsing-rods ('radiotellurists' is the period word for dowsers reading earth-currents), and the astrological correspondence of iron, red and Mars offered as confirmation — the review's signature braid of laboratory report and hermetic doctrine.
The authorities cited are real and datable: the battleship Liberté exploded at Toulon on 25 September 1911, and Regnault's blue-walled wards at Saint-Mandrier hospital are reported in the medical press of the time; Albert Abrams (1863–1924) is the San Francisco physician whose 'Electronic Reactions' founded radionics; Giuseppe Calligaris (1876–1944) held a chair in Rome and published 'Le meraviglie dell'eteroscopia' (1934) on his skin-plaque experiments. The review reproduces their claims without distance — eteroscopia promised exactly the trained clairvoyance the esoteric curriculum sought.
The twenty-point synthesis maps colour onto the three-body constitution — physical, astral, mental, each with its own colours acting in resonance or dissonance with the 'personal vibration'. This is the same colour-vibration physics that structures the Hermetic teaching of The Light of Egypt, where colour, planet and soul-state form one continuous scale.
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Ángel Falco (1885–1971) was a celebrated Uruguayan poet — famous young for revolutionary verse ('Cantos rojos', 1906), later a diplomat and, as this visit records, a spiritual seeker. Maya's portrait of him as 'a new Zarathustra' descending with the message of the Idea documents the review's traffic with the national literary world, not only with the lodges.
A member's poem marking six months since initiation, dedicated to the 'V∴ H∴' (Venerable Brothers) Vayuananda and Isis who brought her to the Path. The imagery — the drawn bow whose arrow will not leap, the little 'i' wrestled upward by the 'I', Scorpio borne aloft by eagles — versifies the review's yoga of transmutation in a personal register: the run's community writing its own inner history.
The G∴E∴I∴D∴E∴ plate continues with Sister UPASIKA's course on 'the doctrine of the Buddha' still on the roster — the curriculum's eastward expansion, first seen in Nº 45, holds steady alongside Kabbalah, alchemy and judicial astrology.
The back cover's two lists mark the group's publishing reach through Buenos Aires houses: the Martinist Library at Publicidad 'Ateneo' now carries four titles with Schuré's 'The Divine Evolution' added, and the Kabbalistic Rose Cross library at Editorial Kier pairs Sevaka's own novel with Sédir and Franz Hartmann — the local circle selling itself beside the European canon.