The Grihya-Sûtras: Rules of Vedic Domestic Ceremonies, Part II — SBE Vol. 30 (trans. Oldenberg & Müller, 1892)
The translator’s English as printed (Hermann Oldenberg & F. Max Müller). The original-language text is not held; names are romanised as the translator printed them.
Svadh4! Adoration!’
In the same way a second and a third verse with
the alteration of the Mantra, ‘to the grandfathers,’
‘to the great-grandfathers.’
2. In the same way he sacrifices of the food, altering the Mantra, ‘ Carry the food, &c.’
3. Then he sacrifices the Svishéakyzt oblation
11, 1. Rig-veda X, 15, 13; Atharva-veda XVIII, 4, 64; Asvalayana-Grrhya II, 4, 13, &c. Before the verse, ‘Carry the Agya,’ the Udtffyas, as MAâtrrdatta states, insert the words, ‘He then makes oblations of Agya (with the Mantra, &c.).’ According to this reading the words of the second Sftra, ‘ In the same way, &c.,’ would refer only to these last oblations.
Q2
p. 228
with (the formula), ‘To Agni Kavyavahana Svishfakvit svadha! Adoration!’
4. He then touches the food with (the formulas), ‘The earth is thy vessel, the heaven is the lid. I sacrifice thee into the Brahman’s mouth. I sacrifice thee into the up-breathing and down-breathing of the Brahmazas. Thou art imperishable; do not perish for the Fathers yonder, in yon world! The earth is steady; Agni is its surveyor in order that what has been given may not be lost.
‘The earth is thy vessel, the heaven is the lid, &c. Do not perish for the grandfathers yonder, in yon world, The air is steady; Vayu is its surveyor, in order that what has been given may not be lost.
‘The earth is thy vessel, the heaven is the lid, &c. Do not perish for the great-grandfathers yonder, in yon world, The heaven is steady ; Aditya is its surveyor, in order that what has been given may not be lost,’
5. With (the words), ‘I establish myself in the breath and sacrifice ambrosia,’ he causes the Brahmamas to touch (the food),
Parata 4, SEcTION 12,
1. While they are eating, he looks at them with (the words), ‘My soul (4tman) dwells in the Brahman that it may be immortal.’
2, When they have eaten (and go away), he goes after them and asks for their permission to take the remains of their meal (for the rites which he is going
6. Comp. Taittiriya Aranyaka X, 34.
Il PRASNA, 4 PATALA, I2 SECTION, 5. 229
to perform). Then he takes a water-pot and a handful of Darbha grass, goes forth to a place that lies in a south-easterly intermediate direction, spreads the Darbha grass out with its points towards the south, and pours out on that (grass) with downward-turned hands, ending in the south, three handfuls of water, with (the formulas), ‘ May the fathers, the friends of Soma, wipe themselves! May the grandfathers... the great-grandfathers, the friends of Soma, wipe themselves!’ or, ‘N.N.! Wash thyself! N.N.! Wash thyself!’
May the grandfathers... the great-grandfathers, the friends of Soma, wipe themselves!’ or, ‘N.N.! Wash thyself! N.N.! Wash thyself!’
3. On that (grass) he puts down, with downwardturned hands, ending in the south, the lumps (of food for the Fathers). To his father he gives his lump with (the words), ‘This to thee, father, N. N.!’ to the grandfather with (the words), ‘ This to thee, grandfather, N.N.!’ to the great-grandfather with (the words), ‘This to thee, great-grandfather, N. N.!’ silently a fourth (lump). This (fourth lump) is optional.
4. Should he not know the names (of the ancestors), he gives the lump to the father with (the words), ‘Svadh4 to the Fathers who dwell on the earth,’ to the grandfather with (the words), ‘Svadha to the Fathers who dwell in the air,’ to the great-grandfather with (the words), ‘Svadh4 to the Fathers who dwell in heaven.’
5. Then he gives, corresponding to each lump, collyrium and (other) salve and (something that represents) a garment.
3. According to the commentary after each formula the words
are added, ‘and to those who follow thee ;’ comp. Taitt. Samh. I,
8, 5, 1; III, 2, 5, 5; Katy.-Sraut. IV, 1, 12.
p. 230
6. The collyrium (he gives), saying three ‘times,
‘Anoint thy eyes, N.N.! Anoint thy eyes, N.N.!’
7. The salve, saying three times, ‘ Anoint thyself,
N.N.! Anoint thyself, N.N.!’
8. With (the formula), ‘These garments are for you, O Fathers. Do not seize upon anything else that is ours,’ he tears off a skirt (of his garment) or a flake of wool and puts that down (for the Fathers), if he is in the first half of his life.
9. He tears out some hairs of his body, if in the second half.
10. Then he washes the vessel (in which the food was of which he had offered the lumps), and sprinkles (the water with which he has washed it), from right to left round (the lumps) with (the Mantra), ‘ These honey-sweet waters, bringing refreshment to children and grandchildren, giving sweet drink and ambrosia to the Fathers, the divine waters refresh both (the living and the dead), these rivers, abounding in water, covered with reeds, with beautiful bathing-places; may they flow up to you in yon world!’ Then he turns the vessel over, crosses his hands so that the left hand becomes right and the right hand becomes left, and worships (the Fathers) with the formulas of adoration, ‘ Adoration to you, O Fathers, for the sake of sap’ (Taitt. Sash. III, 2, 5, 5).
11. Then he goes to the brink of some water and pours down three handfuls of water (with the following Mantras) :
6 seq. A fourth time he gives the same thing silently; comp.
Sftra 3.
8, 9. If his age is under fifty years or over fifty years (Mâatrtdatta ; comp. the commentary on Kâtyâyana-Sraut. IV, 1, 17. 18).
p. 231
Parata 4, Section 13.
A fourth time he gives the same thing silently; comp.
Sftra 3.
8, 9. If his age is under fifty years or over fifty years (Mâatrtdatta ; comp. the commentary on Kâtyâyana-Sraut. IV, 1, 17. 18).
p. 231
Parata 4, Section 13.
1. ‘ This is for thee, father, this honey-sweet wave, rich in water. As great as Agni and the earth are, So great is its measure, so great is its might. As such a great one I give it. As Agni is imperishable and inexhaustible, thus may it be imperishable and inexhaustible, sweet drink to my father. By that imperishable (wave), that sweet drink, live thou together with those, N.N.! The Azéas are thy might.
‘This is for thee, grandfather, &c,... As great as V4yu and the air are... As Vayu is imperishable... to my grandfather. ... The Yagus are thy might.
‘This is for thee, great-grandfather, &c.... As great as Aditya and the heaven are... The Samans are thy might.’
2. Returning (from the place where he has performed the Pizda offerings) he puts the substance cleaving (to the Sthalt) into the water-pot and pours it out, with (the verse), ‘Go away, O Fathers, friends of Soma, on your hidden, ancient paths. After a month return again to our house and eat our offerings, rich in offspring, in valiant sons.’
3. Thereby the (Sraddha) celebrated in the middle of the rainy season has been declared.
4. There (oblations of) flesh are prescribed ;
5. Of vegetables, if there is no flesh.
End of the Fourth Pa/ala.
3. MAdhy4varsham. Comp. the note on Sankh4yana III,
13, I.
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’ Prasna II, Parara 5, Section 14.
1. We shall explain (the festival of) the Ash/aka.
2. The eighth day of the dark fortnight that follows after the full moon of Ma4gha, is called EkAshéaké.
3. On the day before that Ashéak4, under (the Nakshatra) Andrddh4s, in the afternoon he puts wood on the fire, strews southward-pointed and eastward-pointed Darbha grass around it, and turns rice out of four shallow cups over which he has laid one purifier, with (the Mantra), ‘I turn out, impelled by the god Savitzz, this cake prepared from four cups (of rice), which may drive away all suffering from the Fathers in the other world. On the impulse of the god Savitrz, with the arms of the two Asvins, with Pdshan’s hands I turn thee out, agreeable to the fathers, the grandfathers, the great-grandfathers.’
4. With the same purifier he silently strains the Prokshamt water; he silently sprinkles (with that water the rice and the vessels), silently husks (the rice), silently bakes it in four dishes like a Purod4sa, sprinkles (Agya) on it, takes it from the fire, sprinkles (water) round (the fire) from right to left, and puts a piece of Udumbara wood on (the fire). With the (spoon called) Darvi which is made of Udumbara wood, he cuts off in one continual line which is directed towards south-east, (the Avadana portions)
Svadh4! Adoration!’
In the same way a second and a third verse with
the alteration of the Mantra, ‘to the grandfathers,’
‘to the great-grandfathers.’
2. In the same way he sacrifices of the food, altering the Mantra, ‘ Carry the food, &c.’
3. Then he sacrifices the Svishéakyzt oblation
11, 1. Rig-veda X, 15, 13; Atharva-veda XVIII, 4, 64; Asvalayana-Grrhya II, 4, 13, &c. Before the verse, ‘Carry the Agya,’ the Udtffyas, as MA&trrdatta states, insert the words, ‘He then makes oblations of Agya (with the Mantra, &c.).’ According to this reading the words of the second Sftra, ‘ In the same way, &c.,’ would refer only to these last oblations.
Q2
p. 228
with (the formula), ‘To Agni Kavyavahana Svishfakvit svadha! Adoration!’
4. He then touches the food with (the formulas), ‘The earth is your vessel, the heaven is the lid. I sacrifice you into the Brahman’s mouth. I sacrifice you into the up-breathing and down-breathing of the Brahmazas. You are imperishable; do not perish for the Fathers yonder, in yon world! The earth is steady; Agni is its surveyor in order that what has been given may not be lost.
‘The earth is your vessel, the heaven is the lid, &c. Do not perish for the grandfathers yonder, in yon world, The air is steady; Vayu is its surveyor, in order that what has been given may not be lost.
‘The earth is your vessel, the heaven is the lid, &c. Do not perish for the great-grandfathers yonder, in yon world, The heaven is steady ; Aditya is its surveyor, in order that what has been given may not be lost,’
5. With (the words), ‘I establish myself in the breath and sacrifice ambrosia,’ he causes the Brahmamas to touch (the food),
Parata 4, SEcTION 12,
1. While they are eating, he looks at them with (the words), ‘My soul (4tman) dwells in the Brahman that it may be immortal.’
2, When they have eaten (and go away), he goes after them and asks for their permission to take the remains of their meal (for the rites which he is going
6. Comp. Taittiriya Aranyaka X, 34.
Il PRASNA, 4 PATALA, I2 SECTION, 5. 229 to perform). Then he takes a water-pot and a handful of Darbha grass, goes forth to a place that lies in a south-easterly intermediate direction, spreads the Darbha grass out with its points towards the south, and pours out on that (grass) with downward-turned hands, ending in the south, three handfuls of water, with (the formulas), ‘ May the fathers, the friends of Soma, wipe themselves! May the grandfathers... the great-grandfathers, the friends of Soma, wipe themselves!’ or, ‘N.N.! Wash yourself! N.N.! Wash yourself!’
May the grandfathers... the great-grandfathers, the friends of Soma, wipe themselves!’ or, ‘N.N.! Wash yourself! N.N.! Wash yourself!’
3. On that (grass) he puts down, with downwardturned hands, ending in the south, the lumps (of food for the Fathers). To his father he gives his lump with (the words), ‘This to you, father, N. N.!’ to the grandfather with (the words), ‘ This to you, grandfather, N.N.!’ to the great-grandfather with (the words), ‘This to you, great-grandfather, N. N.!’ silently a fourth (lump). This (fourth lump) is optional.
4. Should he not know the names (of the ancestors), he gives the lump to the father with (the words), ‘Svadh4 to the Fathers who dwell on the earth,’ to the grandfather with (the words), ‘Svadha to the Fathers who dwell in the air,’ to the great-grandfather with (the words), ‘Svadh4 to the Fathers who dwell in heaven.’
5. Then he gives, corresponding to each lump, collyrium and (other) salve and (something that represents) a garment.
3. According to the commentary after each formula the words
are added, ‘and to those who follow you ;’ comp. Taitt. Samh. I,
8, 5, 1; III, 2, 5, 5; Katy.-Sraut. IV, 1, 12.
p. 230
6. The collyrium (he gives), saying three ‘times,
‘Anoint your eyes, N.N.! Anoint your eyes, N.N.!’
7. The salve, saying three times, ‘ Anoint yourself,
N.N.! Anoint yourself, N.N.!’
8. With (the formula), ‘These garments are for you, O Fathers. Do not seize upon anything else that is ours,’ he tears off a skirt (of his garment) or a flake of wool and puts that down (for the Fathers), if he is in the first half of his life.
9. He tears out some hairs of his body, if in the second half.
10. Then he washes the vessel (in which the food was of which he had offered the lumps), and sprinkles (the water with which he has washed it), from right to left round (the lumps) with (the Mantra), ‘ These honey-sweet waters, bringing refreshment to children and grandchildren, giving sweet drink and ambrosia to the Fathers, the divine waters refresh both (the living and the dead), these rivers, abounding in water, covered with reeds, with beautiful bathing-places; may they flow up to you in yon world!’ Then he turns the vessel over, crosses his hands so that the left hand becomes right and the right hand becomes left, and worships (the Fathers) with the formulas of adoration, ‘ Adoration to you, O Fathers, for the sake of sap’ (Taitt. Sash. III, 2, 5, 5).
11. Then he goes to the brink of some water and pours down three handfuls of water (with the following Mantras) :
6 seq. A fourth time he gives the same thing silently; comp.
Sftra 3.
8, 9. If his age is under fifty years or over fifty years (M&atrtdatta ; comp. the commentary on K&ty&yana-Sraut. IV, 1, 17. 18).
p. 231
Parata 4, Section 13.
A fourth time he gives the same thing silently; comp.
Sftra 3.
8, 9. If his age is under fifty years or over fifty years (M&atrtdatta ; comp. the commentary on K&ty&yana-Sraut. IV, 1, 17. 18).
p. 231
Parata 4, Section 13.
1. ‘ This is for you, father, this honey-sweet wave, rich in water. As great as Agni and the earth are, So great is its measure, so great is its might. As such a great one I give it. As Agni is imperishable and inexhaustible, thus may it be imperishable and inexhaustible, sweet drink to my father. By that imperishable (wave), that sweet drink, live you together with those, N.N.! The Azéas are your might.
‘This is for you, grandfather, &c,... As great as V4yu and the air are... As Vayu is imperishable... to my grandfather. ... The Yagus are your might.
‘This is for you, great-grandfather, &c.... As great as Aditya and the heaven are... The Samans are your might.’
2. Returning (from the place where he has performed the Pizda offerings) he puts the substance cleaving (to the Sthalt) into the water-pot and pours it out, with (the verse), ‘Go away, O Fathers, friends of Soma, on your hidden, ancient paths. After a month return again to our house and eat our offerings, rich in offspring, in valiant sons.’
3. Thereby the (Sraddha) celebrated in the middle of the rainy season has been declared.
4. There (oblations of) flesh are prescribed ;
5. Of vegetables, if there is no flesh.
End of the Fourth Pa/ala.
3. MAdhy4varsham. Comp. the note on Sankh4yana III,
13, I.
p. 232
’ Prasna II, Parara 5, Section 14.
1. We shall explain (the festival of) the Ash/aka.
2. The eighth day of the dark fortnight that follows after the full moon of Ma4gha, is called EkAshéaké.
3. On the day before that Ashéak4, under (the Nakshatra) Andrddh4s, in the afternoon he puts wood on the fire, strews southward-pointed and eastward-pointed Darbha grass around it, and turns rice out of four shallow cups over which he has laid one purifier, with (the Mantra), ‘I turn out, impelled by the god Savitzz, this cake prepared from four cups (of rice), which may drive away all suffering from the Fathers in the other world. On the impulse of the god Savitrz, with the arms of the two Asvins, with Pdshan’s hands I turn you out, agreeable to the fathers, the grandfathers, the great-grandfathers.’
4. With the same purifier he silently strains the Prokshamt water; he silently sprinkles (with that water the rice and the vessels), silently husks (the rice), silently bakes it in four dishes like a Purod4sa, sprinkles (Agya) on it, takes it from the fire, sprinkles (water) round (the fire) from right to left, and puts a piece of Udumbara wood on (the fire). With the (spoon called) Darvi which is made of Udumbara wood, he cuts off in one continual line which is directed towards south-east, (the Avadana portions)
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