1. Soma and Rudra, may you maintain your divine dominion, and may the oblations reach you properly. Bringing the seven treasures to every house, be kind to our children and our cattle.
2. Soma and Rudra, draw far away in every direction ! the disease ? which has entered our house. Drive far away Nirvzti?, and may auspicious glories belong to us!
3. Soma and Rudra, bestow all these remedies on our bodies. Tear away and remove from us! whatever evil we have committed, which clings to our bodies.
4. Soma and Rudra, wielding sharp weapons and sharp bolts, kind friends, be gracious unto us here! Deliver us from the snare of Varuza, and guard us, as kind-hearted gods !
p. 435
NOTES.
Ascribed to Bhéradvaga Barhaspatya. Verse 2 occurs TS. I, 8, 22, 5; AV. VII, 42,1; verse 3, TS. I, 8, 22, 5; AV. VII, 42, 2. All the four verses, but in a different order (3, 1, 2, 4), in MS. IV, 11, 2; see also Kath. XI, 12. Metre, Trishéubh.
This is the only hymn addressed to Soma and Rudra. In the Khandogya Up. III, 7 and 9, the Rudras are said to have Indra, while the Maruts have Soma at their head.
It is translated by Geldner and Kaegi.
The whole hymn betrays its secondary character ; first by violating the law of decrease, secondly by duals in au before consonants, and thirdly by using a very large number of passages from other hymns. Compare verse 1, pada c, with V, 1, 5, c; verse 2, pada c, with I, 24, 9, c; verse 2, pada d, with VI, 1,12, d. Phrases like verse 1, pada d, s4m nah bhitam dvipdde s4m adtuzpade, occur again and again, with slight modifications; see I, 114, 1; 157, 33° VII, 54,1; X,165,1.- Sumanasydmana also is suspicious. It occurs again in the next hymn, the last of the Mandala, in VII, 33, 14, likewise a suspected hymn, and in the tenth Mazdala, X, 51, 5; 7.
Verse 2. Note 1. On vishiéim, see II, 33, 2. Note 2. Amiva has been identified with dvia by Fick, Orient und Occident, III, p. 121. The difficulty is m=n. Note 8. The AV. reads badhethAm dirdm nirritim, the AV. and TS. read parakath kritam Rid énak prd mumuktam asmat. Verse 3.
Note 1. AV. reads asmat for asmé, and dsat for Asti.
Verse 4. . In the Maitr. S. the second half of this verse is, mumukté4m asm4n grasitén abhike pra yakkkatam vrishav4 sdntamAni. Ff2
1. Offer ye these songs to Rudra whose bow is strong, whose arrows are swift, the self-dependent! god, the unconquered conqueror, the intelligent, whose weapons are sharp—may he hear us!
2. For, being the Jord!, he looks after what is born on earth; being the universal ruler, he looks after what is born in heaven. Protecting us, come to our protecting doors, be without illness among our people, O Rudra!
3. May that thunderbolt of thine, which, sent from heaven, traverses the earth, pass us by! A thousand medicines are thine, O thou who art freely accessible1; do not hurt us in our kith and kin!
4. Do not strike us, O Rudra, do not forsake us! May we not be in thy way when thou rushest forth furiously. Let us have our altar and a good report among men *—protect ‘as always with your favours !
p. 437
NOTES.
Ascribed to Vasishtha. Verse 1 occurs TB. II, 8, 6, 8. Metre, 1-3 Gagati; 4 Trishfubh.
Verse 1.
Note 1. The TB. has svadh4mne for svadh4vne, midhishe for vedhdse, and srzzotana for srinotu nak. The commentator explains both svadhamne=svakiyasthanayuktdaya, and svadhavne=svadhasabdavafyenannena yuktaya v4. On vedhas, see Bartholomae, K.Z. XXVII, 361; Ludwig, Z. D.M.G. XL, 716.
Verse 2.
Note 1. Geldner translates kshayeza by ‘from his high seat. The meaning of kshaya in this place seems defined by the parallel expression simr4gyena.
Verse 3.
Note 1. Svapivata has been variously translated. Grassmann gives Vielbegehrter; Ludwig, des windhauch in schlaf versenkt ; Roth, wohl verstehend, denkend ; Geldner, freundlicher ; Muir, thou who art easy of access, which seems to me the right rendering; cf. sdpayana. It is derived from api+ vat, which occurs six times in the Rig-veda. As a simple verb it means ‘to go near, to attend,’ as a causative, the same, or ‘to bring Thus, VII, 3, 10. api kratum su-#étasam vatema, m obtain wisdom, full of good thoughts. VII, 60, 6. dpi krdtum su-#étasam vdtantah, (the gods) obtaining wisdom, full of good thoughts (for their worshippers). X, 20, 1 (X, 25, 1). bhadram nak api vataya mdanaé, let us obtain a good mind. I, 128, 2. tam yagza-sidham api vataydmasi, we go near to, or we bring near Agni, the performer of the sacrifice. I, 165, 13. manmani—api-vatayantaA, bringing the prayers near, or attending to the prayers. X, 13, 5. pitré putrdsak dpi avivatan vitam, the sons brought the sacrifice to the father.
Api-vata would then mean approach, or in a more
p. 438
I, 165, 13. manmani—api-vatayantaA, bringing the prayers near, or attending to the prayers. X, 13, 5. pitré putrdsak dpi avivatan vitam, the sons brought the sacrifice to the father.
Api-vata would then mean approach, or in a morep. 438 spiritual sense, attention, regard, and su-apivata would mean either of easy approach, opposed to durdharsha, or full of kind attention and regard. See Muir, S.T. IV, Pp- 314, note. Bergaigne, III, 306, does not help us much, though he points out where the difficulty lies.
The following are the Zend passages in which api-vat occurs, with some notes sent me by Dr. Stein: Apivatahé, Y. 9, 25, 2. p. sg. med. c. Gen. ‘ Hom, du verstehst dich auf rechte Preisspriiche’ d.h. ‘kannst sie wiirdigen;’ apivataité daénaydo mazdayacnéis, V. 9, 2, 47, ‘vertraut mit dem Gesetz ;’ daéndm zarazca dat apaéca aotat, yt. 9, 26: ‘wer das Gesetz lernt und in dasselbe eindringt ;’ verezyética fraca vatéyétd, Y. 35, 6, ‘das richtig erkannte fiihre er aus und theile es mit ;’ Y. 44, 18 scheint apivaiti 1. p. sg. med. in der Bedeutung: ‘in Erfahrung gebracht haben ;’ die Stelle ist indess sehr dunkel.
Verse 4.
Note 1. A nak bhaga barhishi givasamsé seems a very simple sentence. It has been translated without any misgivings by Grassmann, Ludwig, Geldner and Kaegi and others.
Grassmann translates : ‘ Lass lange lebend uns die Streu noch schmiicken.’
Ludwig: ‘Gib uns anteil an dem barhis als verheiszung des lebens.’
Kaegi and Geldner (or Roth): ‘ Verstatt uns Theil an Opfer und an Herrschaft.’
Bergaigne often points to such translations with scorn, but after he has written several pages on the words in question, here on givasamsa, he is indeed very positive that it means ‘ formule qui donne la vie’ (I, p. 306), but what such a ‘formule’ is, and how this meaning fits the whole sentence, he does not tell us.
Let us begin with what is clear. A bhaga nak with locative, means ‘appoint us to something,’ i.e. ‘give us something.’ Thus I, 121, 15. 4 nak bhaga géshu, means ‘ divide us, distribute us, appoint us to cows,’ i.e. ‘give us cows as our share. The same expression is used whenp. 439 instead of cows or riches, the gods are asked to give long life, glory, or sinlessness. Thus weread, I, 104, 6. s4z tvam na indra stirye sak aps anagdstvé 4 bhaga givasamsé, that is, ‘ Indra, allow us to share and rejoice in the sun, in water, in sinlessness and praise of men.’ X, 45, 10.4 t4m bhaga sausravaséshu, ‘give him, let him share in, good renown.’
When we are once familiar with this phraseology, we cannot doubt that in our passage also we have to translate, ‘let us have our barhis, our homely altar, and good report among men.’
Another word narésamsa had originally the same meaning as givasamsa, but it was chiefly used as a name of Agni. He was called Nardsamsa, i.e. Mannerlob, or dyék sdmsa, Himmelslob, as a German poet was once called Frauenlob, not only because he praised women, but because he was praised by women. As we can say, God is my song, the Vedic Rishis might call any god the samsa, i.e. the praise or song of men, of the fathers, or of the gods. So far from agreeing with Bergaigne, ‘on comprendrait moins bien qu'une locution dont le sens propre aurait été “ éloge mortel” eft désigné celui qui est loué par le mortel,’ nothing is easier and better confirmed by other languages, while the invocation of ‘une formule sacrée’ is almost unintelligible. If in a later hymn Indra is called gyéshthah mantra#, in X, 50, 4, I should translate, ‘thou art the oldest or the best song,’ that is, ‘the theme of the oldest song, but not thou art a magic formula. There is no necessity therefore for taking nardsamsa as a possessive compound, possessed of the praise of men, nor must we forget that in words which become almost proper names the accent is by no means always a safe guide.
p. 440
MANDALA I, HYMN 2. ASHTAKA I, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 8-4.
To VAyu.
1. Come hither, O VAyu, thou beautiful one?! These Somas are ready, drink of them, hear our call !
2. O V4yu, the praisers celebrate thee with hymns, they who know the feast-days!, and have prepared the Soma.
3. O Vayu, thy satisfying stream?! goes to the worshipper, wide-reaching, to the Soma-draught.
4. O Indra and VAyu, these (libations of Soma) are poured out; come hither for the sake of! our offerings, for the drops (of Soma) long for you.
5. O Indra and Vayu, you perceive the libations, you who are rich in booty’; come then quickly hither !
6. O V4yu and Indra, come near to the work? of the sacrificer, quick, thus is my prayer ?, O ye men!
7. I call Mitra, endowed with holy strength’, and Varuma, who destroys all enemies; who both fulfil a prayer accompanied by fat offerings %.
8. On the right way, O Mitra and Varuza, you have obtained great wisdom, you who increase the right and adhere to the right!;
g. These two sages, Mitra and Varuna, the mighty, wide-ruling, give us efficient strength.
p. 441
NOTES.
Ascribed to Madhué/Aandas VaisvAmitra, and addressed to Vayu (1-3), Indra and Vayu (4-6), and to Mitra and Varuaa (7-9). Metre, Gayatri. Verse 4=VS. VII, 8; XXXII, 56; TS. 1, 4, 4,1; MS. I. 3, 6. Verse 7=SV. II, 197; VS. XXXIII, 57. Verse 8=SV. II, 198. Verse 9g=SV. II, 199.
This hymn, with the hymn I, 3, belongs to the Pra-uga ceremony. It consists of three trzkas.
Verse 1.
Note 1. Darsata, as applied to the wind, may be intended for visible, but its more general meaning is conspicuous, clarus, insignis.
Verse 2.
Verse 8=SV. II, 198. Verse 9g=SV. II, 199.
This hymn, with the hymn I, 3, belongs to the Pra-uga ceremony. It consists of three trzkas.
Verse 1.
Note 1. Darsata, as applied to the wind, may be intended for visible, but its more general meaning is conspicuous, clarus, insignis.
Verse 2.
Note 1. Aharvid, which Benfey translates by tagekundig, Grassmann, die des Tages (Anbruch) kundig, seems to have two meanings. When applied to men, poets or priests, it means those who know (vid) the right days or seasons for every sacrifice, but when it is applied to certain deities, particularly those of the morning, it means finding (vind), bringing back the day, like lucifer. Thus the Asvins are called aharvida (VIII, 5, 9;.21). The power (daksha) of Vishzu is called aharvid, conquering, or bringing, the light of the day (I, 156, 4). The priests, as inviting these gods, might possibly themselves be called aharvid, bringing back the light of day, but this seems doubtful.
Verse 3.
Note 1. This verse, though it seems easy, is really full of difficulties. The meaning of dhend is very doubtful. It is explained as lips by native authorities, and would in that case be derived from dhe, to suck. But though this meaning is possible in some passages, particularly where dhene occurs in the dual, in other passages dhena seems clearly top. 442 mean a stream of milk, or of some other liquid, poured out (visrishéa) from the clouds or at a sacrifice. It often occurs in the dual dhene, and has then been taken as the upper and lower lips (not the nares, as Roth suggests), distinguished from sipre, the upper and lower jaws. See note on II, 34, 3. Sayava (Rv. Bh. I, 101, 10) explains it by gihvopagihvike. Durga adds (Nirukta Bhdshya, VI, 17) Adhastye damshfre v4 gihvopagihvike vA, ity eke, tayor hy annam dhiyate. :
Benfey translates: ‘Vayu, deine vorkostende Lippe schreitet zum Opferer, weit hingestreckt zum Somatrank.’ Praprz#kati can hardly mean vorkostend.
Verse 4.
Note 1. The instrumental prdyobhif is best translated here by ‘for the sake of;’ see Wenzel, Instrumental, p. 104.
Verse 5.
Note 1. On vagint and vaga, see ‘India, what can it teach us?’ pp. 164,166. The transition of meaning from vaga, booty, to vaga, wealth in general, finds an analogy in the German kriegen, to obtain, also in Gewinn, and A.S. winnan, to strive, to fight, to obtain. V4ginivasd, in the dual, is a frequent epithet of the Asvins, II, 37, 5; V, 74s 6373 75,33 78,3; VIII, 5,3; 12; 20; 8,10; 9, 4; 10, 53 22,73 14; 18; 26, 3; 85,3; 101, 8; of Indra, III, 42, 53 X, 96, 8.
winnan, to strive, to fight, to obtain. V4ginivasd, in the dual, is a frequent epithet of the Asvins, II, 37, 5; V, 74s 6373 75,33 78,3; VIII, 5,3; 12; 20; 8,10; 9, 4; 10, 53 22,73 14; 18; 26, 3; 85,3; 101, 8; of Indra, III, 42, 53 X, 96, 8.
It differs little from vaginivat, which is likewise applied to the Asvins, I, 120, 10, and comes to mean simply wealthy, liberal; cf. I, 122, 8; VII, 69,1. Vaginivati is an epithet of Ushas, Sarasvati, and Sindhu. A common phrase is v4gebhiz vaginivati, lit. wealthy in wealth, cf. I, 3,10. VA4gini occurs as the feminine of vagin, wealthy, or strong, but never in the sense of mare ; cf. III, 61, 1. ushak vagena vagini, Ushas wealthy by wealth or booty; VI, 61, 6. Sarasvati vaégeshu v4gini, Sarasvati, strong in battles; cf. I, 4, 8; 9. Native commentators generally explain vagini by sacrifice, vaginivasu, by dwelling in the sacrifice. I take vagini in compounds like vaginivasu as a collectivep. 443 substantive, like padmini, dhini, vahini, tretini, anikint, &c., and in the sense of wealth; unless we may look upon vaginivat as formed in analogy to such words as tavishi-mat, only that in this case tavishi exists in the sense of strength. Pischel’s explanation, Ved. Stud. p. 9, rich in mares, takes for granted the existence of vagini in the sense of mare. I have not found any passage where vagini has necessarily that sense.
Verse 6. Note 1. Nishkrita can hardly mean here what it means
in later Sanskrit, a rendezvous. Note 2. On itthd dhiyd, see Pischel, Ved. Stud. p. 184.
Verse 7.
Note 1. Pdtadaksha, cf. pitdkratu, VIII, 68, 17.
Note 2. Ghritaki seems to be taken here in a technical sense, like ghvztavat, i.e. with oblations of butter thrown into the fire. In I, 167, 3, I took ghrzta&i in the more general sense of bright, resplendent, while others ascribed to it the meaning of bringing fatness, i.e. rain. It may also mean accompanied by ghee. See B.-R. s. v.
Verse 8.
Note 1. Ritasprés, probably not very different from ritasdp.
p. 444
MANDALA I, HYMN 184. ASHT7AKA II, ADHYAYA 1, VARGA 23.
To VAyu.
1. O Vayu, may the quick racers bring thee towards the offerings, to the early drink? here, to the early drink of Soma! May Sdnvzt4? (the Dawn) stand erect, approving thy mind! Come near on thy harnessed chariot to share, O V4yu, to share in the sacrifice?!
2. May the delightful drops of Soma delight thee, the drops made by us, well-made, and heaven-directed, yes, made with milk, and heaven-directed. When his performed aids assume strength for achievement, our prayers implore -the assembled steeds for gifts, yes, the prayers implore them.
3. Vayu yokes the two ruddy, Vayu yokes the two red horses, Vayu yokes to the chariot the two swift horses to draw in the yoke, the strongest to draw in the yoke. Awake Purandhi (the Morning)! as a lover wakes a sleeping maid, reveal heaven and earth, brighten the dawn, yes, for glory brighten the dawn.
Awake Purandhi (the Morning)! as a lover wakes a sleeping maid, reveal heaven and earth, brighten the dawn, yes, for glory brighten the dawn.
4. For thee the bright dawns spread out in the distance beautiful garments, in their houses', in their rays, beautiful in their new rays. To thee the juice-yielding* cow pours out all treasures. Thou hast brought forth the Maruts from the flanks *, yes, from the flanks of heaven.
5. For thee the white, bright, rushing Somas, strong in raptures, have rushed to the whirl, theyp. 445 have rushed to the whirl of the waters. The tired hunter asks luck of thee in the chase!; thou shieldest ? by thy power from every being, yes, thou shieldest by thy power from powerful spirits °.
6. Thou, O Vayu, art worthy as the first before all others to drink these our Somas, thou art worthy to drink these poured-out Somas. Among the people also who invoke thee and have turned to thee !, all the cows pour out the milk, they pour out butter and milk (for the Soma).
p. 446
NOTES.
Ascribed to Paruéékepa Daivodasi, and addressed to Vayu. Metre, 1-5 Atyash¢i; 6 Ashéi. No verse occurs in the other Vedas.
Verse 1.
Note 1. Pairvapiti may here imply that Vayu receives his libation first, before the other gods, see verse 6.
Note 2. Whatever the etymology of sQnvit4 may be, in our passage, which describes the morning sacrifice and the arrival of Vayu as the first of the gods, it can hardly mean anything but dawn. Ordhva stha is an expression applied frequently to the rise of the dawn or the morning, see ITI, 55,14; 61, 3; VIII, 45, 12. In the last passage sinv7ta is simply the dawn. Ludwig translates, ‘deine treflichkeit erhebe sich, giinstig aufnemend die absicht.’ He, like Bergaigne, III, 295, takes sinvzta as su-nvz-ta, virtue. It seems to me that sinvita may be formed irregularly in analogy to an-vita, and then mean true, good. In other places sinvitam seems to mean hymn, like vitavaka, IX, 113, 2. In places where it occurs as a name of Ushas, one feels tempted to conjecture su-nritis. See also Bartholomae, in Bezzenb. Beitr. XV, 24.
Note 8. On makhdsya davane, see note to I, 6, 8; but also note to VIII, 7, 27.
Verse 2.
My translation is purely tentative, and I doubt whether the text can be correct. I have taken krdva here in the sense of made, but I am quite aware that this meaning becomes incongruous in our very verse, when repeated for the third time. On its other meanings, see Pischel, Ved. Stud. p. 67. For the whole verse, compare VI, 36, 3. Grassmann translates :
Die lust’gen Indu’s mégen, Vayu, dich erfreuen, Die starken, die wir schén gebraut, die himmlischen, Die milchgemischten, himmlischen ;
Wenn Trinke tiichtig deinen Sinn
p. 447
Uns zu gewinnen, bei dir sind, Dann fordere Lieder die vereinte Rosseschar, Die Speisen zu empfangen auf.
I, 134, 4. 447
Uns zu gewinnen, bei dir sind, Dann fordere Lieder die vereinte Rosseschar, Die Speisen zu empfangen auf.
Ludwig: Erfreuen sollen dich die frohen tropfen, Vayu, von uns bereitet, die morgendlichen, mit milch bereitet, die morgendlichen, dasz der (opfer) tiichtigkeit zukomen hilfleistungen zum gelingen, gewart, die insgesammt herwarts gerichteten gespanne (antworten) zur (mit) beschenkung den liedern, ihn sprechen an die lieder.
These translations may serve to show that certain verses in the Veda are simply hopeless, and that the translators must not be held responsible if they cannot achieve the impossible.
Verse 3.
Note 1. Purandhi may have meant originally doorkeeper or bar-holder (cardo), from pz and dhi, being formed like ishudhi, vr/shandhi, sevadh{, &c. Purandhri also may have been mvdAwpds, janitor, or rather janitrix, then housewife. Grassmann translates it by Segensfille, Ludwig by Fiille; Bergaigne, III, 476, has a long note on purandhi, as one of the many names of ‘la femelle.’ Whatever it meant etymologically, in our passage, where she is to be woke by the wind in the morning (cf. ushdsak budhi, I, 137, 2), it is again a characteristic epithet of the dawn, modtodyos, moAtds, moAairis. See also Pischel, Vedica, p. 202; Hillebrandt, Wiener Zeitschrift, III, 188; 259.
Verse 4.
Note 1. I have translated damsu as a locative; could it be a nom. plur. of damsu, dacv, referring to vastra, the terminations being left out ? see Lanman, p. 415.
Note 2. Sabardugh4, juice-yielding. Roth explains it as quickly yielding, identifying sabar with Greek &pap. But Greek ¢ never represents Sanskrit b. Sabar, juice, milk, water, would really seem to yield the true source of A.S. sep, O.H.G. saf, sap, for it is clear that neither dds, nor Lat. sucus, would correspond with A.S. sep; see Brugmann, Grundriss, vol. i, § 328; also Bartholomae, in Bezzenb. Beitr. XV, 17.
p. 448
Note 3. Vakshaz4bhyaé&, from the flanks. It would be better if we could refer vakshanzabhyak to Dhenu, the cow, the mother of the Maruts, while Dyaus is their father, see V, 52,16. Here, however, Vayu is conceived as their father, and dyaus (fem.) as their mother.
Verse 5.
Note 1. I have followed Ludwig in his explanation of ts4ri, hunter, watcher, and takvaviya, chase of the takva, whatever animal it may be.
Note 2. Oldenberg suggests pr4si for pasi, which on many accounts would be excellent.
Note 3. On asuryd, see von Bradke, Dyaus Asura, p. 39, and Bergaigne, Journal Asiatique, 1884, p. 510.
Verse 6.
Note 2. Oldenberg suggests pr4si for pasi, which on many accounts would be excellent.
Note 3. On asuryd, see von Bradke, Dyaus Asura, p. 39, and Bergaigne, Journal Asiatique, 1884, p. 510.
Verse 6.
Note 1. Vihutmat is translated by Roth as not sacrificing. But vihutmat can hardly be separated from vihava and vihavya, and seems to mean therefore invoking, possibly, invoking towards different sides. Hu, to sacrifice, does not take the preposition vi. Vavargusht is doubtful. Without some other words, it can hardly mean ‘ those who have turned towards the gods,’ as we read in X, 120, 3 (tvé kratum Api vri%ganti visve); nor is it likely to be the same as vrikta-barhis, ‘those who have prepared the barhis.’ I have translated it in the former sense. See Geldner, Ved. Stud. p. 144, and Oldenberg, Gott. Gel. Anz. 1890, Pp. 414.
1. Now for the greatness of the chariot of Vata’! Its roar goes crashing and thundering. It moves touching the sky, and creating red sheens?, or it goes scattering the dust of the earth.
2. Afterwards there rise the gusts of Vata1, they go towards him, like women to a feast, The god goes with them on the same chariot, he, the king of the whole of this world.
3. When he moves on his paths along the sky, he rests not even a single day';-the friend of the waters, the first-born, the holy, where was he born, whence did he spring ?
4. The breath of the gods, the germ! of the world, that god moves wherever he listeth; his roars indeed are heard, not his form—let us offer sacrifice to that Vata !
(32) Gg
p. 450
NOTES.
Ascribed to Anila Vatayana, and addressed to Vayu, here called Vata. The metre is Trishtubh. This hymn does not occur in the other Vedas. See Muir, Sanskrit Texts, V, p. 145; Geldner and Kaegi, p. 95.
Verse 1. Note 1. For this use of the accusative, see Pischel, Ved. Stud. p. 13. Note 2. Aruvdni is explained by Geldner, Ved. Stud. p. 274, as the reddish colours of the lightning.
Verse 2.
Note 1. Vish#4 means kind or variety. Anu seems to refer to ratha, which I take as the subject of the whole of the first verse.
Note 2. ‘Sie gehn mit einander zum Tanz,’ Geldner and Kaegi. .
Verse 3. Note 1. Geldner and Kaegi propose aha for ahah.
Verse 4.
Note 1. Vata seems to be called the garbha of the world, in the sense of being its source or life.
1. May Vata waft medicine, healthful, delightful to our heart; may he prolong our lives !
2. Thou, O V&ta, art our father, and our brother, and our friend ; do thou grant us to live!
3. O Vata, from that treasure of the immortal which is placed in thy house yonder, give us to live !
NOTES.
1. May Vata waft medicine, healthful, delightful to our heart; may he prolong our lives !
2. Thou, O V&ta, art our father, and our brother, and our friend ; do thou grant us to live!
3. O Vata, from that treasure of the immortal which is placed in thy house yonder, give us to live !
NOTES.
Ascribed to Ula VA&t4yana, and addressed to Vayu, under the name of Vata. The metre is Gayatri. Verse 1 occurs in SV. I, 184; IJ, 1190; Taitt. Br. II, 4, 1, 8; Taitt. Ar. IV, 42, 8. Verse 3 in SV. II, 1192; Taitt. Br. IT, 4,1, 8; Taitt. Ar. IV, 42, 9.
Gg2
APPENDICES.
I. INDEX OF WORDS.
Il. LIST OF THE MORE IMPORTANT PASSAGES QUOTED ‘IN THE PREFACE AND IN THE NOTES.
III. A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST OF THE MORE IM- PORTANT PUBLICATIONS ON THE RIG- VEDA.
THE following Index of Words was commenced by Professor Thibaut, and continued and finished by Dr. Winternitz. I beg to express my gratitude to both of them, more particularly to Dr. Winternitz, who has spared no pains in order to make the Index as complete and as accurate as possible.—F. M. M.
The Index contains all the words of the hymns translated in this volume, and besides, all the words about which something is said in the Notes.
The lists of passages are complete, except when three dots (.. .) are put after the word (e.g. 44444 .. .).
Three figures refer to Mazdala, hymn, and verse, a small figure to a note, e.g. X, 77, 2', stands for Mandala X, hymn 77, verse 2, note 1 (the word occurs in X, 77, 2, and also in note 1).
If a word occurs in a note only, the passage is put in parentheses, e. g. (V, 61, 41) means that the word occurs in note 1 on V, 61, 4, but not in V, 61, 4.
In the case of longer notes, it seemed advisable to refer to the page. One number refers to the page, e. g. (287) means that the word occurs in a note on page 287.
7, 32.—Agni and the Maruts, (3393 3543 V, 59, 1°.) — Agni has two mothers, (V, 61, 4'.)— héta= Agni, (VIII, 94, 6'.) agnf, fire, light : agnid, V, 58, 3; agnim, X, 121, 73 1, 170, 43 agndyad yatha, V, 87,7; agndyab n& idhan&s, VI, 66, 2; agnd&yab n& susukandd, 11, 34, 13 susukv&omsahs n& agndyad, V, 87, 6; agndyas n4 sv4-vidyutad, V, 87, 3; agnés guhvad, VI, 66, 10; agninfm gihv&s, X, 78, 3. agni-tap, warming oneself at the re: agni-t4pad, V, 61, 43, agni-bhragas, fiery : ‘ agni-bhragasaJ, V, 54, 11. gra: 4gre, in the beginning, X, 121, ty aera top of a tree, (I, 37, agratas and agre, before : (V, 61, 3°.) agh4, mischief: aghat, I, 166, 8. Aghnya, bull: Aghnyam, I, 37, 5}. 4nga, limb: _Angaid, IT, 33, 9. anga: té ahg4, they alone, VII, 56, 2; y4t ang4, aye when, VIII, 7, 2. Angiras ; 4ngirasab (visv4-riipas), X, 78, 5'.—Angiras and Dasagvas, (II, 34, 124) 4garama: 4aramaA, no one -being last, V, dkkha, prep. c. acc....: approach thou, V, 52, 143 153 on to, I, 165, 14. 4zyuta, unshakable: Akyuta, I, 85, 43 167, 8; VIII, 20, 5.
p. 456
HYMNS.
akyuta-éyft, shaking the unshakable : epithet of Indra [not of the Maruts, correct on p. 278],
(I, 167, 8.)
*8 i sati, he drives, VI, 66, 7.—van4b agyate, the arrow is shot, VIII, 20, 81; (I, 85, 10%.)—vf 4gatha, you drive forth, V, 54, 4°.
ag4, goat:
( 34.) ag4-asva, having goats for his horses: ep. of Pfishan, (1, 87, 4".) ag4ra, never growing old: agarad, I, 64, 3. agina, skin: (234.) . agira, ready, swift (horses) : agirf, I, 134, 33 V, 56, 6. 4goshya, unwelcome : 4goshyad, I, 38, 5°. 4gma, racing : 4gmeshu, I, 37, 8); 107; 87, 33 fem V, 87, 7°. an, racing : 4gman (Loc.), I, 166, §; VIII, 20, 5. agyeshrba : agyesht4&4, among whom none is the eldest, V, 59, 6; agyeshthisab, V, 60, 5. gra, a plain : agran, V, 54, 4. ak, to bow: sam adyanta, V, 54, 12. aig: aagate (afief), they brighten themselves, VII, 57, 3.—aag, with gobhié, to cover with milk, (VIII, 20, 81; 405.)—pr4 anaga, you have fashioned, V, 54, 1.— with vf, to deck, adorn oneself; vi afgate, I, 64, 4; vf dnagre, I, 87, 13 vf aggata, VIII, 7, 25.—s4m afge, | prepare, I,
aiigl afgate, they brighten themselves with brightness, VII, 57, 3; samandm afgf, their anointing is the same, VIII, 20, 11.— pl. the glittering ornaments of the Maruts, aagdyas, J, 166, 10; afgin, X, 77, 2; avgf-bhid,
I, 37, 27; 64, 45 85, 33 87,15 V, 52, 15°; 56, 1'; X, 78, 7; (arunébhis) II, 34, 131; (3073 308); aagfshu, V, 53, 4!.—(VIII, 20, 9', avigin, possessed of afigis? (V, 52, 15") afigi-mat, well-adorned : a&gi-méntad, V, 57, 5. 4tas: 4tas, from yonder, I, 6, 9; from thence, I, 165, 5; V, 60, 6; 4tad Ait, even from them, VIII, _ 20, 18.
(V, 52, 15") afigi-mat, well-adorned : a&gi-méntad, V, 57, 5. 4tas: 4tas, from yonder, I, 6, 9; from thence, I, 165, 5; V, 60, 6; 4tad Ait, even from them, VIII, _ 20, 18.
g4nan Ati tasthau, I, 64, 13; across, I], 34, 15.—4ti=4dhi? V, 52, 3°; (VIL, 7, 14'.)—pOrvis ati ksh4paé, through many nights, X, 77, 2; ti kshap4é, Gen., (1, 64, 8%.) Atithi, guest : ply on the words 4tithi and 4diti, 262. : 4tka, garment: 4tkan, V, 55, 6. Atya, rushing, horse, racer: 4tyam, I, 64, 6°; aty4m n4 s4ptim, (I, 85, 1"); vrishanab vrishabhdsas 4ty44, strong and powerful horses (140); Aty4é-iva, V, 59,33 atyasab nd, VII, 56, 16; Atyan iva Agishu, HI, 34, 3.—
4tyena pi » with rushing splendour, II, 34, 13°. 4tra:
now, I, 165, 11; here, I, 165, 133 V, 61, 11; VII, 57, 5.
53,73; asy4 4dhvanad, V, 54, 10; gat4éé 4dhva, a trodden path, VII, 58, 3. adhvar4, sacrifice: adhvarém, I, 19, 1; VII, 56, 123 adhvaré, I, 165, 2; X, 77, 83 VIII, 7, 6; adhvarasya-iva, VI, 66, to. adhvara-sri, illumining the sacrifice : adhvara-srfyas,X, 78, 71; (V,60, 8.) adhvare-sthi, firm in the sacrifice: adhvare-stha4, X, 77, 7. adhvasm4n, smooth: adhvasm4-bhié pathf-bhi4, on smooth roads, II, 34, 5% an, to breathe: pranatdé, of the breathing (world), X, rar, 3. ananud4, not yielding: ananud4,, (I, 165, 91.) anant4-sushma, of endless prowess : anant4-sushmas, I, 64, 10. anabhis4, without reins: anabhisGd, VI, 66, 7. anamiv4, without illness: anamiv44, VII, 46, 3. 4narus, without wound : (66. anarv anarvdzam, unscathed, i 37, 5 65 seqq.); epithet of Aditi, ; Aditi anarvanam = Agni, 262.) anavadyé, faultless: anavadyafé, I, 6, 8; anavadydsad, VII, 57, 5. . anavabhr4-radhas, of inexhaustible wealth: anavabhr4-radhasad, I, 166, 7; II, 34) 43 V, 57) 5anavas4, without drag (?) : anavas4h, VI, 66, 77. anasv4, without horses: anasv4é, VI, 66, 7; (67.) 4nasva-da, the West (?): 4nasva-dim, V, 54, 5%. anasva-y4, moving without horses: anasva-y4b (?), (V, 54) 5's) an-AgAstva, guiltlessness, purity : (257.) anatur4, free from disease : anaturaém, I, 114, 1. 4nadhrishta, unconquerable : 4nadhrishrasaé, I, 19, 4. 4nAnata, never flinching: 4nAnatad, I, 87, 1.
p. 458
VEDIC HYMNS.
Anitabha, N. of a river: » 5329. Anika: 4diter 4nikam, the face of Aditi the dawn), (243.)—maratam ikam, the train of the Maruts, I, 168, 9.—4nikeshu 4dhi, on the faces, VIII, 20, 12. Anu, prep....: according to, svadhdim 4nu, see svadha; 4nu gésham, according to pleasure, VI, 66, 4.—4nu dyfin, day by day, I, 167, 10; (I, 6, 8%.)—4nu atakshata, I, 86, 3; 4nu scil. sasrud, V, 53, 2!1.—after, X, 168, 2',—synizesis, p. cxxii. 4nutta, not shaken, strong: 4nuttam, I, 165, 9'. 4nutta-manyu, of irresistible fury: (I, 165, 9°.) 4nu-patha, follower : 4nu-pathas, V, 52, 10. anu-bhartr3, comforting: anu-bhartri, I, 88, 6'; (178.) anu-stubh ; Anushtubh=‘ After-step,’ p. xcvi. anu-svadh4m, according to their nature: V, 52, 1. anet4; anen&é for anet4s? (VI, 66, 71.) Anedya, blameless : dnedyad, I, 87, 4; 165, 12 ; V, 61, 13; p. xviii seq. anend, without deer : anen4é, VI, 66, 7. anends, without guilt : anend, (V1, 66, 71.) Anta, end: 4ntam, the hem of a garment, I, 37, 6'.—s4vasab Antam, I, 167, g.—Antan div4s, V, 59, 7. 4ntad-patha, enterer: 4ntad-pathad, V, 52, 10. antam4, friend: antamébhiA, I, 165, 5%. antér: ant, from within, I, 168, 5.— c. Loc. within, V, 59, 22,—antas s4nta4, within (the womb), VI, 66, 4. antdriksha, sky, air: antériksham, V, 54, 43 55) 23 divas & antdrikshat, V, 53, 8; urat ant4rikshe, V, 52, 7; antérikshe r4gasad, the air in the
antam4, friend: antamébhiA, I, 165, 5%. antér: ant, from within, I, 168, 5.— c. Loc. within, V, 59, 22,—antas s4nta4, within (the womb), VI, 66, 4. antdriksha, sky, air: antériksham, V, 54, 43 55) 23 divas & antdrikshat, V, 53, 8; urat ant4rikshe, V, 52, 7; antérikshe r4gasad, the air in the sky, X, 121, 57; antdrikshe, through the air, I, 165, 2; X, 168, 3; antdrikshena, VIII, 7, 35-—antériksha, prithivi, and dyG, (50); rédasit ant4riksham, (I, 64, 9%.) ant4rikshya : ant4rikshy4é pathy4é, the paths in . the sky, V, 54, 9. Anti, near: I, 167, 9. 4ndhas, (Soma) juice: 4ndhasab (madhvad), I, 85, 67; 4ndhasa (m4dhvad), V, 54, 8°; Andhamsi pitdye, to drink the (juice of the Soma) flowers, VII, 59, 5any4, other .. .: nd tv4d any4é, no other than thou, X, 121, ro—any4s, enemy, VI, 56, 15. anyAtas, to a different place: any4tad, p. xl. any4tra, elsewhere : VII, 59, 5. 4p, water : Kpab, V, 54, 2; 58, 6; VII, 56, 25; &pad-iva,V, 60, 3; VIII, 94, 7; girdyab n& dpab ugr&s, VI, 66, 117; Kpab nd, X, 78, 5; Spab brihati4, the great waters, X, 121, 713 8; 9; mahatid apdd, VIII, 7, 22 ; ap&d matréA, (307) ; ap44, 1, 165, 8; VIII, 7, 28. ap4é4 t4rema, cross the waters, VII, 56, 24.—ap44, the waters (at sacrifices), I, 64, 1°; 6%.— apfim arnavdm, I, 85, 9; apém nd firmdya4, I, 168, 23 apfém budhné, X, 77, 43 bhurv4zi apfim, I, 134, 5; apaim s4kha, the friend of the waters (Vata), X, 168, 3.—ap-sa, VI, 66, 8.— ap44, the waters between heaven and earth, the sky, (309.)—&pa4, Acc. (cf, Lanman, 483), V, 53, 14- 4patya, ‘Nachkommen’:; (215, note ®.) apa-bhartr?, the remover : apa-bharté (r4pasa4), 11, 33, 7 apas, n., work, deed: pat, (I, 64, 15); Spamsi (néri), I, 5) 9ap4s, m., workman: apis, (I, 64, BP); apésam (d4ksham), efficient, I, 2, 9.
INDEX OF WORDS.
p. 459
apar4, infinite: apar4A4, V, 87, 6. dpi, adv. : even, II, 34, 10; also, X, 77, 7. Api, prep. : dpi (bhama, c. Loc.), under, VII, 57) 4api-vata, approach, attention, regard : VII, 46, 37.) 4ptirvya, incomparable: 4pfirvyam, V, 56, 5; 4pQGrvyas prathamé4, as the first before all others, I, 134, 6. apesds, without form: apesdse, J, 6, 3. 4prati-skuta, irresistible : _ . &prati-skutad, V, 61, 13. 4pra-sasta, infamous: Apra-sastan, I, 167, 8. Apsaras : (307; 308.) 4bibhivas, fearless: Abibhyusha, I, 6, 7; 4bibhyusha4, (I, 6, 1%) abda, cloud: (V, 54, 37.) . abda, wish to give water (?): abda-y4, wishing to give water, V,
54 3). abdi-mat, with clouds: (V, 54, 3°) abhf, prep., to...: y4é karshanid abhf (bhfvad ?), who surpasses all men, I, 86, 51.— abhf dyfn=4nu dyn, (1, 6, 82.) —synizesis of abhi, p. cxxii. abhf-iti, assault : abhi-iti4 rapasad, H, 33, 3. abhi-g#4, knee-deep ; I, 37, 10%. abhitas, all around: abhitad ma, VII, 59, 7. abhf-dyu, hastening, or, heavendirected. [It is doubtful which is the right meaning] : abhidyu-bhi4, hasting, I, 6, 87; abh{-dyava4, hastening heavenward, or, shining forth, VIII, 7, 253 1,134,2 (bis); X, 77, 3;
abhi-g#4, knee-deep ; I, 37, 10%. abhitas, all around: abhitad ma, VII, 59, 7. abhf-dyu, hastening, or, heavendirected. [It is doubtful which is the right meaning] : abhidyu-bhi4, hasting, I, 6, 87; abh{-dyava4, hastening heavenward, or, shining forth, VIII, 7, 253 1,134,2 (bis); X, 77, 3;
78, 4. abhi-matin, adversary ; abhi-matinam, I, 85, 3. abhi-sri: cf. ganasri, (V, 60, 8.) abhishti, victory : abhishéaye, II, 34, 14%, abhish#f, conqueror, victorious : (II, 34, 14%) abhisam-darénya, to be approached, accepted, consulted :
abhisam-/arézyam, I, 170, 1.
abhisam&arin, changeable :
(1, 170, 1°.)
abhi-svartrs, intoning:
abhi-svartdras ark4m, intoning a hymn of praise, X, 78, 4.
abh{-hrut, assault, injury :
(I, 166, 81.)
abhi-hruti, injury:
abh{-hruted, I, 166, 8".
4bhiru, fearless :
Abhirava4, I, 87, 6.
abhisu, rein, bridle:
abhisava4, I, 38, 12'; V, 61, 2.
abhok-han, slayer of the demon:
abhok-hanaé, I, 64, 3}.
abhr4, cloud:
abhrat n4 sfiryas, X, 77, 3.
abhra-prish, cloud-shower :
abhra-prfshas, X, 77, 17.
abhrfya, belonging to the cloud: abhrfyam vaéam, the voice of the clouds, I, 168, 8; abhriyad vrishr4ya4, streams from clouds, II, 34, 21. Abhva, fiend :
Abhva4, I, 39, 81; visvam 4bhvam, II, 33, 10; 4bhvam, the dark cloud, I, 168, 9°.
I, 87, 42.—Instrum., ay& dhiyd, through this prayer, I, 166, 13. 4y4 for ayd, VI, 66, 4'.
ayds, untiring:
ayds, (I, 37,4 *); ayisas, 1,64, un 167, 4*; VI, 66, 57; 4yasab, V 58,2; aydsim, I, 168, 9.—ay Pa not striving (?), VI, 66, 5%.
ar, to hurt:
(65 seq.; 1,64, 1515 85, 5%); upaarim4, we have offended, (66.)
ar4, spoke :
4y4 for ayd, VI, 66, 4'.
ayds, untiring:
ayds, (I, 37,4 *); ayisas, 1,64, un 167, 4*; VI, 66, 57; 4yasab, V 58,2; aydsim, I, 168, 9.—ay Pa not striving (?), VI, 66, 5%.
ar, to hurt:
(65 seq.; 1,64, 1515 85, 5%); upaarim4, we have offended, (66.)
ar4, spoke :
ardh-iva, like the spokes of a wheel, V, 58, 5; rathanam né ardA, x, 78, 4; ardzim n4 saraméé, as of moving spokes no one is the last, VIII, a0, 141.
araksh4s, guileless: araksh4A, V, 87, 9. Arathi, not a charioteer:
érathié, VI, 66, 7.
arapds, without mischief ;
arapas, II, 33, 6 dram, properly :
V1,74,1; 4ramkrinvantu, let them prepare, I, 170, 43 4ram- kritad, ready, I, 2, 1.
ar4mati, service : ar4matim, V, 54, 6%.
4rarivas, hostile : 4rarushe, on the enemy, VII, 56, 19; (66.) ar4ru, enemy : (66.) ar€g{n, dark : araginad (parvatan), VIII, 7, 23. ti, enemy : aratts, V, 53, 14; 4ratayads, I, 43, arddhis, miserly : aradhdsa4, V, 61, 6. 4ravan, selfish : 4rava, VII, 56, 15. 4ri, friend : visve aryéh, VII, 94, 3. 4ri, enemy : ary4é, Gen., V, 54,127; Abl., VII, 56, 22.—(66); (I, 64, 15. y— arfb = arib = arayad, pp. xxxix ; xi, 4rishra, inviolable : 4rishtam (shhad), II, 34, 7. 4rishta-grama, whose ranks are never broken; 4rishta-gramad, I, 166, 6. 4rishta-vira, with unharmed men: 4rishta-virad, I, 114, 3. aruné, red: arunébhid a&gi-bhid, II, 34, 13°; aruza{d, with the red (rays), IT, 34, 12.—Red (horses), arunébhiA, I, 88, 2; aruna, I, 134, 3. — ar ‘red sheens, X, 168, arund-asva, having red horses: arund4-asvab, V, 57, 4. arun4-psu, reddish-coloured : arun4-psavab (Maruts), VIII, 7, 7. aruaf, red: arunf, the ruddy cows, (1, 64, 7%.) —afg4yab arundyaé, bright red ornaments, (308.) arush4, red; m. f., red horse : arushim (horse) I, 6, 17; arush4ob I, 85, 5? ; drushta, red mares, 56,6; arushdd vagi, V, 56, 7; arushasab 4svas, V, 59, 53 arush4m varah4m, I, 114, 5.—(See 17 seqq.) Adj. red, (17-19); white, bright, (19, 24)3 ; vrishan arush, fire in the shape of lightning,(18); the red hero, (18, 25); the red horses of the Sun and of Agni, (19 seq.) ; the cloud as one of the horses of the Maruts, (20.)
INDEX OF WORDS.
p. 461
red, (17-19); white, bright, (19, 24)3 ; vrishan arush, fire in the shape of lightning,(18); the red hero, (18, 25); the red horses of the Sun and of Agni, (19 seq.) ; the cloud as one of the horses of the Maruts, (20.)
INDEX OF WORDS.
p. 461
—N. pr. of a deity, the Morning Sun, (20-23, 26, 27); the red cloud, (27.)—4rushi, fem. adj. or subst. (3); fem. subst. dawn, &c. (24); flames? (27.) 4rus, n., a wound: (65; 66); (I, 64, 15°.) aren, dustless : arenAvah, I, 168, 4; VI, 66, 2’. arepds, blameless : arepasad, I, 64,2; V, 53,33 5743 61,14; X, 78, 1. ark4, song : the music of the Maruts, (I, 38, 15'; Il, 34, 15); ark4m (rif), I, 19, 41; 85, 23 166, 7.—Song of praise, hymn, arkam, VI, 66,9; X, 78, 45 arkaié, I, 88, 4. ark4, singer: ark4s, I, 167, 6'; divas ark, V, 57, 513 (II, 34, 1%) arkfn, musical : arkinam, I, 38, 151; arkfnad, (II, 34, 1°. ark, see rik. arkatri, shouter : ars&trayad, VI, 66, 10. Arkananas Atreya: , (V, 61, 5%.) arAf, light : (I, 87, 67; TI, 34, 1°.) ar&{n, blazing: aréinad, II, 34, 1°. arkis, splendour : arkisha stra, VIII, 7, 36. arnava, wave, waving: samudr4m arnavam, the surging sea, I, 19, 77; apdm arnavam, the stream of water, I, 85, 93; tveshim arzavdm, the terrible sea, I, 168, 6; arnavalb, by waving mists, V, 59, 1. armas, the sea: rnah, 1, 167,93; VIII, 20, 13. arnas4, waving : arnasim, V, 54, 67. 4rtha, n., errand: 4rtham, I, 38, 2. arbhaké, small : mahdntam ut4 arbhak4m, I, 114, 7. ary4: aryé 4, among the Aryas, (Pischel, VIII, 94, 3°.) Aryamén: aryamé, I, 167, 81; 4ryaman, VII, 59, 1; aryamé, VIII, 94, 5.—
arnas4, waving : arnasim, V, 54, 67. 4rtha, n., errand: 4rtham, I, 38, 2. arbhaké, small : mahdntam ut4 arbhak4m, I, 114, 7. ary4: aryé 4, among the Aryas, (Pischel, VIII, 94, 3°.) Aryamén: aryamé, I, 167, 81; 4ryaman, VII, 59, 1; aryamé, VIII, 94, 5.— aryamdnab (the three Aryamans, i.e. Aryaman, Mitra, and Varuna), V, 54, 81. 4rvat, horse, racer: 4rva, VII, 56, 23; 58, 4; Arvatbhi, I, 64, 13; drvantam vagam, a strong horse, V, 54, 1473 drvate, I, 43, 6; Arvati, IT, 33, 1'.—(65; 67.)—4rva, the right horse, (I, 39, 6%.) 4rvan, horse, racer, (66 seq.) 4rvan, hurting : (65; 66); (I, 64, 15%) arvank : arvikah vabh & vavrityam, let me bring you hither, I, 168, 1; arvél sf—(tis, may that grace come hither, IT, 34,15; arvék (ayam_ yaga4s), it is meet for you, X77, 4. arh, to be worthy: arhése, X, 77, 1*; arhasi (pitim), I, 134, 6 (bis); 4rhan, II, 33, 10 (tris); 4rhantad, V, 52, 5.—4rhanti, they worship, VIII, 20,181. alamatardana, explanation of alatrind, (227.) alatrin4, not reviling : alatrinisad, 1, 166, 73. av, to protect, to save, to help: avatha, V, 54, 14; 4vatha, VIII, 20,24; VI, 66, 8; avatu, V, 87, 6; avantu, V, 87,7; X, 77, 8; 4vata (conj. for avit4), VII, 59, 67; Avat, 1, 85, 77; (134); vata, 1, 64,13; 166, 8; 13; av4,VIII, 7, 18; Avan Avantid, VII, 46, a.—fivya, having granted, I, 166, 13.—4nu Avan, VIII, 7, 24.—pra avata, VII, 57, 5; praavité (with Gen.), I, 87, 4. 4va, adv., down: I, 168, 4; 8. avams4, abyss: avams&t, VII, 58, 13. avat4, well: avat4m, I, 85, 10's 11.—(I, 64, 6*.) avady4, unspeakable : avadyat, I, 167, 8; avady4m, V, 53,14.—avadydni, impurity, VI, 66, 4. av4ni, course: avana, V, 54, 2. avamé, lowest: avamé, in the lowest (heaven), V, 60, 6.
462 VEDIC HYMNS. 4vay4ta-he/as : iva, read asvam-iva, II, 34, 6%.— Avay4ta-he/4s bhava, let thy anger The horses of the Maruts, 4svabe turned away from (Instr.), I, sab, I, 38, 12; V, 59, 73 Asvas, 171, 6? V, 54,103 61, 2; Avan, 1, 171, avara: 13 1, 34) 35 8; V, 55, 6"; 58, 4varam, the bottom, I, 168, 6; 7359.13 4svaib, I, 88, 2; V,
4varan, descending, II, 34, 14. avas, help, protection : 4vas, I, 39,73 VIII, 94,8; I, 114, 93 gash, I, 39, 7; 85,113 166, 2; VII, 59, 2; dvase, I, 168, 1; Il, 34,143 1,114, 45 dvasab, Vv, 57,73 Avab-bhid, I, 86, 6'; 167, 2.—A4vasa, by (his) will, x, 121, 6. anv drag (2): Vi, 66, 73.) arseyl, desiring help: avasy4vad, I, 114, 11. vata, unconquered, (90.) avat4 (or avata), never dried up: avat&m, I, 38, 7%. avikrita, not dyed: (234.) Svithura, immovable : 4vithurad, I, 87, 1; (I, 87, 31.) 4vi-hruta, uninjured, intact : (I, 166, 8%.) as, to eat; pra asna, I, 170, 5. as, to reach, to attain to: Gsata, I, 85, 23 f? 53 asathe, ] I, 2, 8; asnutha, V, 54, 105 asyama, I, 114, 23 33 asiya, Il, 33, 23 6.—abhf asyam, I, 166, 14. ” Gt asnavat, V, 59, 4. —pré asnuvantu, VI, 74, 1. as4s, impious fiend : as4sah, II, 34, 9. 4siva, unlucky, uncanny : (I, 166, 17 ny? dsma-didyu, shooting with thunder-
55,13 VIII, 7,273 prishatibhis Ssvaib, V, 58, 6; i, 37, 23.) asvatth4, horse-stable, i.e. West:
(V), 54, 5 +) asva ad Eye horses, the dawn, the
Wiss 54,5 as -parna, inged with horses: Asva-paraaid, (I, 87, 4"); I, 88, 1. 4sva-budhna, having their restingplace among the horses: 4sva-budhn44, the Dawns (V, 54, 1
asva-y4t, wishing horses: asvayantah, (I, 167, 1.) asva-yug, harnessing horses : asva-yGgab, V, 54, 2 4sva-vat: 4sva-vat ridha4, wealth of horses, V, 575 7- in: st the Asvins, VITI, 94, 4. a, consisting of horses: Asvyam (radhad), V, 52, 173 4svyam pastim, V, 61, 5. 4sh&/ba, unconquered : 4sha/daya, VII, 46, 1. as, to throw: 4syatha, you hurl, I, 172, 2; asyatu 4ré asmit, may he drive far away from us, I, 114, 43 4syan, scattering, X, 168, 1.— pra 4syatha, you cast forwards, I, 39, 1.—-vf asyatha, you scatter, Vv, 55, 6. as, to be...: nak astu, may it be ours, X, rar, 10; yushmdkam astu, may yours be, I, 39, 2; 4.—vas santu, I, 38, 123 39,23 sm4si eshdm, we are their servants, I, 37, 15; me astu, J, 165, 10; vaé sdnti, you have for (dat. }, I, 85, 12.— s4nti, there are, I, 37 143 Asti (with dat.), there is enough for, I, 37, 15; n& 4sti, there is no such thing, I, 170, -—y4t sydtana, syat, I, 38, 41; sydma té, may we be such, V, 53, 15.— asan, may they be, I, 38, 157;
INDEX OF WORDS.
p. 463
96); asati, V, 53, 15; yatha
(i V, 61, 4; asa ys va 4sati, who was or who may be so, VIII, 20, 15; t&tha ft asat, so shall it be, VIII, 20, 17; astu, though it be, VI, 66, 7.— sydma sah4, V, 53, 14'; samdrisi sthana, V, 87, 6; Grdhva santu, I, 171, 3; s4m with as, (191 seq.)—4nu syat nas, may he be with us, I, 167, 10.— ant4s s4ntas, VI, 66, 4.—abhf syama, may we obtain, VII, 56, 24',—pra sAnti, they stand forth, “VII, 58, 2; prd& astu, may it prevail, VII, 58, 4.
asamyatab (not asaimyattas) :
(I, 64, 13%.)
asaka-dvish, not hating the followers :
asaka-dvishad, VIII, 20, 247.
4sami, whole:
4sAmi-bhi4, I, 39, 9 ; 4sami, whole, I, 39, 10 (bis).—adv., wholly, I, 39 9-
asurya, divine ; n., divine power; asury4, I, 167, 5; asury4-iva, like heavenly lightning, I, 168, 73,— asuryam, II, 33, 9°; VI, 74, 13 asuryat, I, 134, 5°. asf, barren:
asvam-iva (conjecture for 4svamiva) dhendm, like a barren cow, II, 34, 6°. ;
4stuta, unpraiseworthy :
AstutaA, V, 61, 8.
4stri, archer:
4staras, 1, 64, 10.
asmad...:
iya4m asm&t matf4, this prayer from us, V, 57, 1; asmin, I, 165, 14'; (203.)—asmé tanfishu, on our bodies, VI, 74, 3.—nadb (Git4ya4), accorded to us, I, 167, 1.—asméka for asm&kam, p.
cxviii—no (nad), short, p. Ixxxii seq. ah, to say:
ahad-vid, (1) knowing the days, (2) finding, bringing back the day, lucifer:
ahab-vidab, knowing the feastdays, I, 2, 2".
4han, day:
Shani, I, 88, 41; V, 54, 43 4hani visva, always, I, 171, 3; 4ha-iva, V, 58, 5; 4hani priyé, on a happy day, VII, 59, 2; katamat 4an4 ahaJ, not even a single day, X, 168, 3; kshapa&bhid 4ha-bhié, by night and by day, (I, 64, 8%.)
ahanya, of the day: ahanyé, I, 168, 5¢. aham-y4, proud : aham-yOé, I, 167, 7. 4hi-bh4nu, shining like snakes: 4hi-bhanavad, I, 172, 1). &hi-manyu, whose ire is like the ire of serpents:
4hi-manyavaé, I, 64, 8; 9}.
ahi-hdtya, the killing of Ahi:
ahi-hatye, I, 165, 6.
4hruta-psu, with unbending forms:
dhruta-psavas, VIII, 20, 73 (VIII,
7,7)
a, prep. ...:
with Loc., on, in, 4dhvan 4, I, 37, 13; db4nvan éit 4, I, 38, 7; 4gmeshu 4, on the courses, V, 87, 7'.—with Acc., over, I, 38, 10; towards, V, 52, 12; I, 167, 2; on to, V, 56,1; gésham &, to his satisfaction, VIII, 94, 6; a ragas, through the air (?), (VII, 57, 3'.)—with Abl., div4s d, from heaven, V, 53, 8; 54, 12; asm&t &, towards us, V, 56, 3.—p4ri & vah & aguA, I, 88, 4; & te, before thee, I, 165, 9.—4, 6, I, 165, 147; VI, 59, 53 VIII, 7, 33.— adv., here, I, 37, 6; hither, IJ, 34, 43 mGhud d, V, 54, 3.
p. 464
VEDIC HYMNS,
a, pronominal base, see ay4, gas, dyos, guilt, sin: agab, VII, 57, 4; (257) hgirasa : Purumiv/éa Angirasa, (362.) aga, skin of a goat: 232.) agi, race, course: Agishu, 11, 34, 33 (I, 37, 84) at, then: at dha, thereupon, I, 6, 4"; &t it, then only, 1, 87, 5; 168, 9. atura, sick : &turasya, VIII, 20, 26. atma-dd, he who gives breath: atma-da4, X, rar, 2; (4.) atmén, breath: atm& devdnam, the breath of the gods (Vata), X, 168, 4. treya: Aréananas Atreya, (V, 61, 5%.) 4-dardir4, tearing to pieces: 4-dardirdsab (adrayab), X, 78, 6. Adity4, the Adityas: Aditydsab, X, 77,2; Adityéna ndmna, X, 77, 8.—Adity4 = naka, (X, 121, 5%.) — Vasus, Adityas, Rudras, (VII, 56, 20°.)— (See 243 Seqq.); Adityds Aditi, (244); eight AS (251 seq.); seven A., (252 seqq.); six A., (253.) Adhavantya, a Soma-vessel : (VIII, 94, 5%.) a-dhita, known : {-dhitam, what we once knew, I,
a-bhGvas, I, 64, 13; 6; 86, 5°. a-bhfishézya, to be honoured :
4-bhfishézyam, V, 55, 4.
amp the voice of the thunder : 275. a-yag!, erjagend, obtaining: ( » 54, 1.) dyu, life : flyau (for dyad), I, 114, 8%. ya, man: ay4-bhid, with the men (Ayus), V, 60, 8?,—4yah, read dyau, I, 114, 8". . dyudha, weapon: dyudha, I, 39, 2; V, 57, 6; VIII, 20, 12; dyudhais, VII, 56, 13;
57, 3. ayus, life : ‘ dyud, I, 37,153 dyushi, (I, 114, 8); yamshi pr4 tarishat, X, 186, 1; fyumshi si-dhitani, (225.) ara, a shoemaker’s awl: (I, 37, 27; 88, 3.) Grdt, far: 4rdt £it yuyota, VII, 58,6; X,77, 6 rdttat, from afar: I, 167, 9. arugatnt, breaking through: arugatni-bhid (c. Acc.), I, 6, 5. ruzi, red flame : frumishu, I, 64, 7°. aré, far: aré 4akrima, we have put away, I,. 171,43; aré, may it be far, I, 172, a (bis); VII, 56,17; 1,114, 10; 4ré asmét asyatu, may he drive far away from us, I, 114, 4; aré badhetham, VI, 74, 2. Argik4, N. of a country : rgiké, VIII, 7, 29'.—A sacrificial vessel, (VIII, 7, 29'.)—Argikaa, N. of the people of Argika, (398
» 8&4.) . Argika, N. of a river : (399.) . Argikiya, n. = Argika, the country : (398 seq.)—Argikiya, f.=Argika, the river, (399.) avis, openly : avid (karta), J, 86, 9; VII, 58, 5. &-vrita, invested : a-vritah, I, 87, 4. 4-s4s, wish : 4-sdsab, V, 56, 2. 454, cleft : sab, 1, 39, 3%. 4-sfr, milk (for the Soma) : a-sfram, 1, 134, 6 (bis).
INDEX OF WORDS.
p. 465
454, quick, swift : as4vab, X, 78, 5.—&sG-bhid, on the quick steeds, I, 37, 14; II, 34, 37; V, 55,13 61, 11. 4sG-asva, with quick horses : ast-asvab, V, 58, 1; (I, 37, 27.) ds, to sit : dsate, they are enthroned (as gods), I, 19,6; dsate, they dwell, I, 168, 3.-—upa-dsate, they revere, X, 121, 2. ds, mouth: asd vandy4sa4, visibly like, I, 168, 2.—4s, mouth, as the instrument of praise (41-43); etymology (42, note ®) ; Asi, instr. (42 seq.). asin, mouth : 4s4-bhid, I, 166, 11°.
iyan4s, approaching for (two Acc.), Il, 34, 1413 yatié vrishdi, going with rain, V, 53, 5'; vydthid yati (a ship) that goes rolling,V, 59, 2'; ritam yaté, to the righteous man, X, 78, 2; tyante, they move along, V, 55, 1; fyate, X, 168, 2; fyamanad, X, 168, 3.— Ati iyama, let us pass, V, 53, 14. —adhi-ith4, you listen (c. Gen.), VII, 56, 15.—4nu_ yanti, they follow, V, 53, 6.—&-itasas, they are come, I, 165, 13; Gpa@ ayati, he comes (to ask) for (Acc.), VIII, 20, 22',—ft-itad sffrad, the risen sun, X, 121, 6; f&t-ite sfirye, at sunrise, V, 54, 10.— nfd-etave, to come forth, I, 37, 9'.—p4ra itana, move along, V, 61, 4.—pr4 yantu, go forth, V, 87, 1; prayat-bhyad, V, 54, 9; pra-yatt adhvaré, while the sacrifice proceeds, VIII, 7, 6; Anu pra yanti, V, 53, 10.—vf yayub parva-s44, they have trodden to pieces, VIII, 7, 23; (VIII, 7, 22'.)
food ;
{/Abhid, V, 53, 2. ft, indeed ...: at ft, then only, I, 87, 5; 168, 9;
(32)
ev4 ft, I, 165, 123; gha it, II, 34, 14; ft u, V, 55, 75 sd sa ft, VI, 66, 3; sadam ft, I, 114, 8.
itds, from here :
F it4é (opp. to 4ta4), I, 6, 10.
ti:
V, 52, 115 53,33 61, 83 18. itf, pace: ityd (nfbhasad), I, 167, 5. itthd, thus : I, 39, 13 73 165, 33 VII, 56, 15; II, 7, 30.—itthd dhiyd, thus is my thought, V, 61, 15'; I, 2, 6%. {tvan, see pratad-ftvan. id4m, this here...: dydm im&m, X, 121, 1; iy4m prithivf, V, 54, 9.—asy4, X, 121, 3; I, 86, 4; 55 asya, his (Indra’s), 1, 6, 2—esham, I, 37, 3°; 93 135 153 38,8; 12; 165, 13; V, 52,15'; 87,2'; etdvatabesham, VIII, 7, 151; tat esham, this is theirs, VIII, 20, 14 (bis).—imd, here are, I, 165, 4; imé Maratab (opp. anyé), VII, 57, 3.— id4m, here, II, 33, 10. id&m-idam, again and again : VII, 59, 1. in4, strong: indsad, V, 54, 8. {ndu, (Soma) drop: {ndu-bhi4, VIII, 7, 14; indava4, I, 2, 43 134, 2.—indo, O Indu, I, 43, 8. Indra : indra, {ndra, I, 6, 5; 165, 35 53 7; 167,13 170,23 53 171, 6; {ndrad, I, 85,9; 165,10; 166, 12; VII, 56, 25; VIII, 94, 6; vayo {ndrad &a, I, 2, 5 ; 6; indram, I, 6, 10; 87, 5; VIII, 7, 243 315 {ndrena, I, 6, 7; {ndraya, I, 165, 11; {ndrasya, I, 6, 8; 167, 103; {ndrat, I, 171, 4; {ndre, I, 166, 11, — Indra called vira, (II, 33, 1'.) {ndra-vat, joined by Indra: , {Indra-vantad, V, 57, 1. Indravayu, Indra and Vayu : {ndravay(, I, 2, 4. indriy4, vigour : indriy4m, I, 85, 2.—indriyéza, with (Indra’s) might, I, 165, 8}. indh, to kindle: idhan&A, VI, 66, 3.—s4m indhatam (agnfm), let them light (the fire),