Dialogues of the Buddha, Part II — trans. T. W. and C. A. F. Rhys Davids (1910)

' And as they treat the remains of a king of kings, so, Ananda, should they treat the remains of the Tathagata. At the four cross roads a cairn should be erected to the Tathagata. And whosoever shall there place garlands or perfumes or paint, or make salutation there, or become in its presence calm in heart — that shall long be to them for a profit and a joy.'

12. ' The men, Ananda, worthy of a cairn, are four in number. Which are the four ?

1 A Tathagata, an Able Awakened One, is worthy of a cairn. One awakened for himself alone is worthy of a cairn 2. A true hearer of the Tathagata is worthy of a cairn. A king of kings is worthy of a cairn.

' And on account of what circumstance, Ananda, is a Tathagata, an Able Awakened One, worthy of a cairn ?

' At the thought, Ananda : — " This is the cairn of that Exalted One, of that Able Awakened One," the hearts of many shall be made calm and happy ; and since they there had calmed and satisfied their hearts they will be reborn after death, when the body has dissolved, in the happy realms of heaven. It is on account of this circumstance, Ananda, that a Tathagata, an Able Awakened One, is worthy of a cairn.

popular verse at Sawyutta I, 77 on which a Jataka is based (II, 140), which is inserted in the ' Anthologies ' (Dhammapada 345, Khar. MS. No. 102), and twice quoted in the Netti (35, 153), the MSS. have both forms in spite of the metre favouring the long vowel. In this passage both Panfiananda's Colombo edition of 1877, and Samarasekara's version (Col. and Lond. 1 905) have the short vowel only.

1 Thupa. A solid mound or tumulus or barrow, in the midst of which the bones and ashes are to be placed. The dome of St. Paul's as seen from the Thames Embankment gives a very good idea of one of the later of these Buddhist monumental mounds.

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* And on account of what circumstance, Ananda, is one awakened for himself alone J worthy of a cairn ?

' At the thought, Ananda : — " This is the cairn of that Exalted One awakened for himself alone " [143] the hearts of many shall be made calm and happy ; and since they there had calmed and satisfied their hearts they will be reborn after death, when the body has dissolved, in the happy realms of heaven. It is on account of this circumstance, Ananda, that one awakened for himself alone is worthy of a cairn.

' And on account of what circumstance, Ananda, is a true hearer of the Exalted One, the Able Awakened One, worthy of a cairn ?

' At the thought, Ananda : — " This is the cairn of that true hearer of the Exalted Able Awakened One," the hearts of many shall be made calm and happy ; and since they there had calmed and satisfied their hearts they will be reborn after death, when the body has dissolved, in the happy realms of heaven. It is on account of this circumstance, Ananda, that a true hearer of the Exalted One, the Able Awakened One, is worthy of a cairn.

1 And on account of what circumstance, Ananda, is a king of kings worthy of a cairn ?

' At the thought, Ananda : — " This is the cairn of that righteous king who ruled in righteousness," the hearts of many shall be made calm and happy ; and since they there had calmed and satisfied their hearts they will be reborn after death, when the body has dissolved, in the happy realms of heaven. It is on account of this circumstance, Ananda, that a king of kings is worthy of a cairn.

'These four, Ananda, are the persons worthy of a cairn.'

13. 'Now the venerable Ananda went into the Vihara 2, and stood leaning against the lintel of the

1 Pacceka-buddho. One who has attained to the supreme and perfect insight ; but dies without proclaiming the truth to the world.

2 The expression that Ananda went ' into the Vihara' at the end of a conversation represented as having taken place in the Sala Grove,

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