Lines 114-115 are bracketed as a duplication of 94-95, and accordingly 112-113 are inserted before 94-95, where 113 corresponds excellently with 93; 116-117 are bracketed as another form of 67-68 (cf. 248), and acoordingly 118 finds itg proper place after 68. Cf. ‘ Repetitions in Empedokles,” Classical Review, Jan. 1898.
Empedokles 171
each other, and they increase each in its allotted turn.
But these (elements) are the same; and penetrating
through each other they become one thing in one place
and another in another, while ever they remain alike
(t.e. the same).
110. For they two (Love and Strife) were before and
shall be, nor yet, I think, will there ever be an unutterably
long time without them both.
96. But come, gaze on the things that bear farther
witness to my former words, if in what was said before
there be anything defective in form. Behold the sun,
warm and bright on all sides, and whatever is immortal
and is bathed in its bright ray, and behold the rain-
eloud, dark and cold on all sides; from the earth there
proceed the foundations of things and solid bodies. In
Strife all things are, endued with form and separate
from each other, but they come together in Love and
are desired by each other. 104. For from these (ele-
ments) come all things that are or have been or shall be ;
from these there grew up trees and men and women,
wild beasts and birds and water-nourished fishes, and.
the very gods, long-lived, highest in honour.
121. And as when painters are preparing elaborate votive offerings—men well taught by wisdom in their
114 Γαὐτὰ yap ἔστιν ταῦτα, δ ἀλλήλων δὲ θέοντα 140.
115 «γίνοντ’ ἄνθρωποί τε καὶ ἄλλων ἔθνεα κηρῶν,
ἄλλοτε μὲν Φιλότητι συνερχόμεν eis ἕνα κόσμον,
ἄλλοτε & av δίχ᾽ ἕκαστα φορεύμενα Νείκεος
ἔχθει, .
eis ὃ κεν ἓν συμφύντα τὸ wav ὑπένερθε γένηται.]
112 THE FiRST PHILOSOPHERS OF GREECE
ot 7° ἐπεὶ οὖν µάρψωσι πολύχροα φάρμακα
χερσίν,
ἁρμονίῃ µίξαντε τὰ μὲν πλέω, ἄλλα δ’ ἑλάσσω,
127. οὕτω µή σ᾿ ἁπάτη φρένα καινύτω ἄλλοθεν εἶναι 162
θνητῶν, ὅσσα ye Sida γεγᾶσιν ἀάσπετα, πηγήν.
ἀλλὰ Topas ταῦτ) ἴσθι θεοῦ πάρα μῦθον
190 εἰ & dye, νῦν τοι ἐγὼ λέξω πρῶθ) ἡλίου ἀρχὴν,
ἐξ ὧν δὴ ἐγένοντο τὰ νῦν ἐσορώμενα πάντα,
yaia τε καὶ πόντο πολυκύμων ἠδ' ὑγρὸς anp
Τιτὰν ἠδ' αἰθὴρ σφίγγων περὶ κύκλον ἅπαντα. 185
[σφαῖρον Env. | 64 185 ἔνθ᾽ ob’ ἠελίοιο δεδίσκεται ἀγλαὸν Eidos 72
οὐδὲ μὲν OVO αἴης λάσιον µένος οὐδὲ θάλασσα:
σφαῖρος κυκλοτερὴς μονίῃ περιηγέϊ yaiwv.
119-129. Simpl. Phys. 94 r 160, 1. 120. DEF ἄμφω: F dedawres. 122. MSS. ἁρμονίη: D µίξαντες 8 µόξαν re. 123. 8Η’ waco’ ἐναλίγκια. 194. D κτίζοντες . . . ἀνέρες. ' 127. F οὕτω μὴν ἁπάτη; a ds νύ κε»: Bergk φρένας: καινύτω (Hesych. νικάτω) corr. Blass for MSS. καί νύ ry. 128. MSS. γεγάασιν ἄσπετα, corr. Bergk.
130-133. Clem. Al. Strom. 674.
130. εἰ 8 &ye τοι λέξω, Pott. εἰ 3’ Bye τοι μὲν ἐγὼ. 131. Gomperz, Hermes xxxi, 469 ἐσορῶμεν ἅπαντα.
194. Simpl. Phys. 258 r καὶ θεὺν ἐπονομάζει καὶ οὐδετέρως wort καλεῖ σφαῖρον Env. Cf. v. 138. 135-138. Simpl. Phys. 272 v. 135-136. Plut. de fac. im lun. 926 £. “138. Simpl. de caelo, Peyr. 47; M. Antonin. xii. 83; Stob. Hcl. Phys. i. 15, 354; Achilles (Tatius) iv Anat. 77 Pet. and frag. Schol. p. 96; Prokl. in Tim. 160. 135. Simpl. διείδεται ὠκέα yvia, Plut. δεδίττεται, corr. Karst. 186. Plut. MS. γένος, Bergk µένος. 137. MS. κρυφφ or κρύφα, Karst. κρύφφ, Stein κύτει. 138. Simpl. Phys. µονι] περιγηθέι αἰών, Text from Simpl. de caelo. Stob. Tatius χαίρων. Schol. in Arat. κυκλοτερεῖ µανίᾳ. j
| EMPEDOKLES 173
art—they take many-coloured πο to work with,
and blend together harmoniously more of one and less
of another till they produce likenesses of all things ; so
let not error overcome thy mind to make thee think there
is any other source of mortal things that have likewise
come into distinct existence in unspeakable numbers ;
but know these (elements), for thou didst hear from
a god the account of them.
130. But come, I will tell thee now the first principle
of the sun, even the sources of all things now visible,
earth and billowy sea and damp mist and Titan aether
(i.e. air) binding all things in its embrace.
185. Then neither is the bright orb of the sun
greeted, nor yet either the shaggy might of earth or sea;
thus, then, in the firm vessel of harmony is fixed God,
a sphere, round, rejoicing in complete solitude.
174 the First Philosophers of Greece
αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ µέγα Νεῖκος ἐν) µελέεσσιν ἐθρέφθη 66
140 és τιµάς 7’ ἀνόρουσε τελειομένοιο χρόνοιο»
5s σφιν ἁμοιβαῖος πλατέοφ παρέλήλαται ὅρκου.
πάντα yap ἑξείης πελεμίζετο γυῖα θεοῖο. 70 χωρὶε γὰρ Bapv πᾶν, ywpis κοῦφον. τι
as διὰ πολλῶν δὴ βροτέων ῥηθέντα µαταίως
ἥλιος ὀξυβελὴς ᾖδ' av ἱἑλάειρα σελήνη. . . 168 150 ἀλλ᾽ ὁ μὲν ἁλισθεὶς µέγαν οὐρανὸν ἀμφιπολεύει. 187
139-141. Arist. Meta. ii. 4; 1000b13; Simpl. Phys. 272 b. 189. Arist. AAA’ ὅτε Sh, Simpl. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ. 141. Simpl. δ: Arist. E παρελήλατο. 142. Simpl. Phys. 272 v. associated with v. 135. 143-144. Plut. de fac. lun. 926 F. 143. Sturz ends the line ἔθηκεν with object Neixos. 144. MSS. ἄκρατοι καὶ ἄστοργοι, corr. Stein. 145. Arist. Gen. et Corr. i. 8; 325 b 22. 146-148. Arist.de X.Z.G. 2; 9768 35; decoeloii. 115 ; 294825; and Simpl. on this passage. 147-148. Clem. Al. Strom. 817.
147. Arist. X.Z.G. βροτέω», de coelo, Clem. γλώσσης: Clem. ἐλθόντα. 148. Clem. εἰδότων. 149. Plut. de fac. lun. 920 ο. MS. ὀξυμελὴς, Xylander ὀξυβελὴς: MS. ἠδὲλάινα, corr. G. Dindorf. Cf. Hesych. ἱλάειρα; Preller Adi’ 488. 150. Macrob. Saturn.i.17; Htym. Mag., Orion Etym., poe under ἥλιος; Cramer, Anec. ii. 444. Macrob. οὔνεκ) ἀναλισθείε, Suid. Cram. ἀλεῖσθαι; Ht. M. µέσον, 151. Plut. Pyth. or. 4008; Galen, de us. part. iii. 3. Plut. ἀνταυγεῖ», Galen ἀνταυγέω.
Empedokles 175
189. But when mighty Strife was nurtured in its
members and leaped up to honour at’ the completion of
the time, which has been driven on by them both in turn
under a mighty oath.....
142. For the limbs of the god were made to tremble, -
all of them in turn.
148. For all the heavy (he put) by itself, the light by itself.
144. Without affection and not mixed together. 145. Heaped together in greatness.
146. If there were no limit to the depths of the earth
and the abundant air, as is poured out in foolish words
from the mouths of many mortals who see but little of
the all.
4149. Swift-darting sun and kindly moon.
150. But gathered together it advances around the
great heavens.
151. It shines back to ‘Olympos with untroubled
face.
176 the First Philosophers οε Greece
7 δὲ φλὸξ ἱλάειρα puvvOadins τύχεν αὐγῆς. 198 ὢς αὐγὴ τύψασα σεληναίης κύκλον εὐρύν. . 192
κυκλοτερὲς περὶ γαῖαν ἑλίσσεται ἀλλότριον φῶς 190 156 ἅρματος ὥσπερ av’ ἴχνος 189
‘ ἐπεσκέδασεν δέ οἱ αὐγὰς
eis αἴθρην καθύπερθεν, ἐπεσκνίφωσε δὲ yains 195
τόσσον ὅσον 7 εὗρος γλαυκώπιδος ἔπλετο µήνηςν.
152. Simpl. Phys. 74v; 331, 7. aDF ψύχε, E τύχε: MSS. yalns, Stein adyijs. 1538. Plut. de fac. lun. 929 x. 153a. Diels, Hermes xv. 175, constructs the following line from Philo ed. Aucher, p. 92: καὶ µέγαν, αὐτίκ) ἀνῆλθε, Odovo’ ὡς οὐρανὸν ἴκοι.
154. Achill. Tat. Introd. in Αγαἰ. ο. 16 p. 77 Pet. 155. Plut. de fac. orb. lun. 925. 155. Plut. (σελήνη) περιφεροµένη πλήσιον, ἅρματος ὥσπερ ἴχνος ἀνελίσσεται ἥτε περὶ ἄκρα». 156. Bekk. Anecd. i. 337. 157-159. Plut. de fac. lun. 929 ο. 157. MS. dweoxevace, Xyl. ἀπεσκέδασεν, Bergk ἀπεσκίασεν». 158. MS. ἔστε yala, Xyl. ἐς γαῖαν: Stein ἱσταμένη or eis αἴθρην : MS. ἁἀπεσκνίφωσε, corr. Karst. 159. γλαυκώπιδος, cf. Plut. de fac. lun. 934 p (Diels, Hermes xv. 176). 160. Plut. Quaest. Plat. 1006 Σ. 161. Plut. Quaest. conv. 7208. ΜΒ. ἀγλαώπιδος, corr. Xyl. Cf. Hesych. ἀλαῶπιν' . . . οὗ βλέ- πουσαγ. 162. Prokl. on Tim. iii, 141. MS. οὔδεος, Sturz writes ὕδεος from following. Diels finds con- nection only with preceding and writes ἔδεος. Cf. Hesych.
Empedokles 177
152. The kindly light has a brief period of shining.
158. As sunlight striking the broad circle of the
moon.
154. A borrowed light, circular in form, if revolves
about the earth, as if following the track of a chariot.
156. For she beholds opposite to her the sacred circle
of her lord.
157. And she scatters his rays into the sky above, and spreads darkness over as much of the earth as the
breadth of the gleaming-eyed moon.
160. And night the earth makes by coming in front
of the lights. 161. Of night, solitary, blind-eyed.
162. And many fires burn beneath the earth. | N
178 the First Philosophers of Greece
νων. 205
dds ἐπάγη ῥιπήσιν swopévos ἠελίοιο 206
165 γῆφ ἱδρῶτα θάλασσαν.
«ἀλλ)Σ αἰθὴρ µακρῇσι κατὰ χθὀνα δύετο pitas. 208
οὕτω γὰρ συνέκυρσε θέων tore, πολλάκι 8
ἄλλων.
αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ παλίνορσοε ἐλεύσομαι és πόρον ὕμνων, 165 170 τὸν πρότερον κατέλεξα, λόγου λόγον ἐξοχετεύων
ἐν τῇ δὺ τάδε πάντα συνέρχεται by µόνον εἶναι,
οὖκ apap, ἀλλὰ θελημὰ συνιστάμεν) ἄλλοθεν
175 τῶν δὲ συνερχοµένων er’ ἔσχατον ἵστατο Neixos.
163. Plut. Quaes. conv. 685 F. Karst. πολυσπορέων. Cf. 214.
164. Hephaest. Enchir. ο. 1 p. 4 Gais. 165. Arist. Meteor. ii. 3; 857 a 26; Plut. Placit. phil. iii. 18, and de Is. 3658. Clem. Al. Strom. 676. Porphyr. Vit. Pyth. ο. 41. 166-167. Arist. de Gen. et Corr. ii. 6; 33483. 167. Phys. ii. 4; 196 8 22. 166. Diels suggests prrais. Cf. v. 164.
168. Eustath. on Od. a 820, Ῥ. 1 (from Herodian, περὶ σχημ. Ὁμηρ.). Cf. Arist. de gen. et corr. ii. 6; 334 a1.
169-185. Simpl. de caelo, Peyron p. 27; Gais. Poet. Min. Gr. ii. p. xlii; Schol. Aristot. Brand. p. 507 a. 171-185. Simpl. Phys. 7 v 32, 11. 175. Stob. Ecl.i.286. Cf. Arist. Meé. ii.4;1000b2. 178-181. Simpl. de caelo, Peyr. p. 37. 182-183. Theophr. Athen. x. 423; Arist. Poet. ο. 25 ; 1461 a 24. Eust. ad Iliad. i. p. 746, 57.
170. MS. λόγφ, corr. Bergk. Peyr. ὑποχετεύω», Brand. ἐποχ., corr. Bergk. 173. Simpl. Phys. ἐν τῇ δὴ, de caelo Cd. Taur. Peyr. ἐν τῇ ἠδέ, corr. Bergk. 174. Phys. DE θελημὰ, F 0éAnua, de caelo JP Cd. Taur. ἀλλ) ἐθέλημα. 175. Simpl. repeats 184 instead of 175,
Empedokles 179
163. (The sea) with its stupid race of fertile fishes.
164. Salt is made solid when struck by the rays of
the sun.
165. The sea is the sweat of the earth.
166. But air! sinks down beneath the earth with its long roots . . . . For thus it happened to be running at_
that time, but oftentimes otherwise.
168. (Fire darting) swiftly upwards.
169. But now I shall go back over the course of my
verses, which I set out in order before, drawing my
present discourse from that discourse. When Strife
reached the lowest depth of the eddy and Love comes to
be in the midst of the whirl, then all these things come
together at this point so as to be one alone, yet not
immediately, but joining together at their pleasure, one
from’ one place, another from another. And as they
were joining together Strife departed to the utmost
boundary. But many things remained unmixed, alter-
1 In Empedokles’ yerses, αἰθ)ρ regularly means air. | n2
180 the First Philosophers of Greece
baa ἔτι Νεῖκος ἔρυκε µετάρσιον ' ov γὰρ ἀμέμφεων
ζωρά τε τὰ πρὶν ἄκρητα, διαλλάξαντα κἐλεύθου». τῶν δέ τε µισγοµένων χεῖτ᾽ ἔθνεα pupia θνητῶν,
ἄρθμια μὲν yap ἑαυτὰ ἑαυτῶν πάντα µέρεσσιν
ἠλέκτωρ τε χ2ών τε καὶ οὐραγὸς ἠδὲ θάλασσα,
daca pin ἐν θνητοῖσιν ἀποπλαγχθέντα πεφυκεν.
ε 9 σ σ a) 9 a “a 9
which is inserted from Stob. by Schneid. 176. Phys. E ἐστι: ΡΕ ΕΙ κεκερασµένοισι», Taur. κεραι(οµένοισιν, text from de caelo. 177. de caelo ἀμφαφέως. 178. Phys. ΔΕ" πω wav, DE οὕπω way, de caelo τὸ way. 180. af ὑπεκπροθέε. 181. Phys. DE πίφρω», F xeplppwv, DEF (de caelo P) φιλότητος, Phys. ἀμεμφέος, de caelo ἀμφέσσο», Stein Φφιλότης τε καὶ ἔμπεσεν. 182. Arist. omits εἶνα. 183. Phys. ἄκριτα, Theophr. ἄκρητα: Arist. ζώα τε πρὶν Κέκριτο Athen. διαλλάττοντα, Phys. διαλλαξαντα.
186-194. Simpl. Phys. 34 r 160, 28. 191-192. Theophr. de sens. § 16.
186. DE ἄρθμια, al ἄρτια: DE ἑαυτὰ ἑαυτῶν, ΔΕ αὐτὰ ἑαυτῶν,
Stein suggests πάἀνθ᾽ αὑτῶν ἀγένοντο, Diels ἔασιν ἑαυτῶν. 188. MS. ὅσσα Φιν, Diels ὅσσα fr’, Hermann ὁσσάκις. 189. MSS. ἐπάρκεα, Karst. éxdprea. al” ἔχθρα, ED ἔργα: MS. μάλιστα, Karst. ἅμικα. 192. DEF xploe, a κράσει, 193. DE & ὑγρὰ, a λυγρὰ. 194. MSS. and Simpl. 161, 12 νεικεογεννέστησιν, Panz. νείκεος ἐννεσίῃσι, MS. σφίσι γένναν ὀργᾶ (a yévras), Panz. σφίσι γένν᾽ ἄστοργος, Diels ἕοργεν.
Empedokles 181
nating with those that were mixed, even as many as
Strife, remaining aloft, still retained; for not yet
had it entirely departed to the utmost boundaries of
the circle, but some of its members were remaining
within, and others had gone outside. 180. But, just as
far as it is constantly rushing forth, just so far
there ever kept coming in a gentle immortal stream
of perfect Love; and all at once what before I learned
were immortal were coming into being as mortal things,!
what before were unmixed as mixed, changing their
courses. And gs they (the elements) were mingled to-
gether there flowed forth the myriad species of mortal
things, patterned in every sort of form, a wonder to
behold.
186. For all things are united, themselves with parts
of themselves—the beaming sun and earth and sky and
sea—whatever things are friendly but have separated in
mortal things. And so, in the same way, whatever
things are the more adapted for mixing, these are loved
by each other and made alike by Aphrodite. But what-
ever things are hostile are separated as far as possible
from each other, both in their origin and in their mixing
and in the forms impressed on them, absolutely unwonted
to unite and very baneful, at the suggestion of Strife,
since it has wrought their birth.