Therakappa is said to mean 'old monks/ for young and strong ones must pluck out their hair every four months. It usually denotes the conduct of ordinary monks, in opposition to the Cri/ta- kappa ; if taken in this sense, the whole passage is made out to mean that even one who, because of sickness of his scalp, is dis- pensed from tearing out his hair, must do it in the rainy season, for then the precept is binding both for Ginakalpikas and Sthavira- kalpikas. According to the interpretation I have followed the words sa/#vaAarie v& therakappe are a sort of colophon to the rules 17-2 2, and indicate that these rules apply to Sthavirakal- pikas, but not exclusively (va), as some apply to Ginakalpikas also. The phrase sa#*va&Mariya therakappa occurs also at the beginning of 62, and has there a similar meaning.
1 According to the commentary, they should ask each other the meaning of the Sfttras.
3IO KALPA stjTRA.
which must be inspected ; one for constant use, which must be swept 1 . (60)
26. During the Pagfusan monks or nuns should give
notice of the direction or intermediate direction in
which they intend to go forth for the sake of begging
alms, ' Why has this been said, Sir ?' ' During the
Paggtisan the reverend monks frequently undertake
austerities ; an ascetic becoming weak and exhausted
might swoon or fall down. (In case of such an
accident the remaining) reverend monks will under-
take their search in that direction or intermediate
direction (which the ascetic had named them). (61)
27. During the Pa < ggusan monks or nuns are not
allowed to travel farther than four or five Yq^anas 2 ,
and then to return. They are allowed to stay in
some intermediate place, but not to pass there (at
the end of their journey) the night, (62)
Of those Nirgrantha monks who follow, &c. (see
A^Ardnga Sfttra II, 15, v end, down to) .... these
(rules regulating) the conduct of Sthaviras in the
rainy season, some will reach perfection, &c. (see
124, down to) be freed from all pains in that same
life, some in the next life, some in the third birth ;
1 I deviate from the interpretation of the commentators, who give veuv viyd (or veu//iyd v. 1.), which I have rendered ' for occasional use/ the sense of ' repeatedly/ But as they give sSi^iya the meaning 'used/ and as the practice justifies my translation, I am rather confident about the correctness of my conjecture. The practice, as related by the commentator, is this: The Upairaya where the monks live must be swept in the morning, when the monks go out begging, at noon, and in the afternoon at the end of the third prahara ; the other two Upa^rayas must be daily inspected, lest somebody else occupy them, and be swept every third day.
2 And this only in case of need, to fetch medicine, &c. In ordinary cases the third rule applies.
Rules for Yatis. 311
none will have to undergo more than seven or eight births. (63)
In that period, in that age the Venerable Ascetic
Mahvira, in the town of Ri^agrz'ha, in the Aaitya
Gimasilaka, surrounded by many monks and nuns,
by many men and women of the laity, by many gods
and goddesses* said thus, spoke thus, declared thus,
explained thus ; he proclaimed again and again the
Lecture called Paryusha^kalpa with its application,
with its argumentation, with its information, with its
text, with its meaning, with both text and meaning,
with the examination of the meaning:
Thus I say, (64)
End of the Rules for Yatis.
End of the Kalpa Sdtra.
Abh^it, name of an asterism, p. 28 1 . Abhinandana, name of the fourth
Tfrthakara, 280.
Abhiya/asa, name of a Kula, 292. Accomplishments, the sixty-four, of
women, 282. Adbhuta Kalpa, 194. Adhakarma, 81 n 2, 127. Adikara=Tirthakara, 224. Affects, enumerated, 262. A^ita, name of the second Tirtha-
Agnibhfiti, name of a Gawadhara,
Agnidatta, 289. Agnivejyavana, name of a gotra,
286, 287. Ahakamma, ahakammiya = adhakar-
ma, ika, 94 n i, in n i. AharStiwiya, 146. Ahiwsa, doctrine of, 38. Ailapatya, name of a gotra, 287,
A^alabhratr/, name of a Gawadhara,
Akampita, name of a Gawadhara, 286. A^ela, a naked monk, 57 n 2. Alabhika, name of a town, 264. Alms-bowls, what they should be
made of, 166.
Amagandha, 23 n i.
Ananta, name of the fourteenth Tir-
Anisrava, 37. Anga, title of works, 221. Anidana, 40.
Animals, eight kinds of, n. Ahka, a certain posture, 187. Ano^g-a 4 , daughter of Mahavira, 193. Antara^ika (Antari^iya), name of
a Sakha, 291. Anuddharl, name of small insects,
Apara^ita, name of a Vimana, 276. Ara, name of the eighteenth Tirtha-
Arati, 17.
Arhaddatta, 293 (bis). Arhat, title of Ginas, 36, 225, &c. Arishfanemi, name of the twenty- second Tfrthakara, 276. Arithmetics, 221. Ar>&ya, name of a Lava, 265. Arts, hundred, 282. Aryadatta, 274. Arya^ayanti, name of a Sakha, 288,
Aryaghosha, 274. Arya^e/aka, name of a Kula, 292. Aryakuben, name of a Sakha, 293. Aryanagila, name of a Sakha, 288, A 293.
Aryapadma, name of a Sakha, 293. Aryapadmila, name of a Sakha,
Aryar/shipalita, name of a Sakha,
A 293.
Aryatapast, name of a Sakha, 288,
Aryava^ra, name of a Sakha, 293. Ascetic, compared to a warrior,
different kinds of, 128 n i.
untrue, 17.
AshaV/a, name of an asterism, 278.
AshaV/fo, name of a month, 281.
A-rramapada, name of a park, 283.
Asrava, 37, 7 6.
Asthikagrama, name of a town, 264.
Astronomy, 221.
Asura, 198.
Ajvasena, king of Benares, 271.
Ajvina, name of a month, 191.
Atharva-veda, 221.
Avadhi knowledge, 223.
Avalika, a division of time, 262.
Avasarpi/ii era, 189, 218, &c.
Ayatana, 44 .
Ayus, 269.
Bala, 25 n 2. Baladeva, 225.
0AINA SOTRAS.
Balissaha, 289.
Bathing-room, described, 242.
Bauddha, 4.
Bhadra, name of a Sthavira, 294
(bis). Bhadrabahu, name of a Sthavira,
Bhadrap ida, name of a month, 308. Bhadrayajas, 291.
Bhadrayajaska, name of a Kula, 291. Bhadrika, name of a nun, 264. Bhadnyika, name of a Sakha, 291. Bhagavat, title of Ginas, 36. Bharadv%a, name of a gotra, 286,
Bharatavarsha, 190, 218, &c.
BharuWa, a fabulous bird, 261.
Bhavanapati, one of the four orders
of gods, 191, &c, BhQta, 289.
Bhfitadatta (dinna), 289. Birds, young, likened to disciples,
Birth, 1 8.
Bodies, 3 n 2.
Brahmadvipika, name of a <Sakha,
Brahma Kalpa, 195,
Brahma^arin, name of a monk, 274.
Brahmaliptika, name of a Sakha,
Brahma^as and Sramajzas, 38, &c. Brahmasundari, name of a nun,
Buddha, epithet of Mahavfra, 264. Buddhabodhita, 66 n i.
Categories, sixty, 221. Ceremonial, 221.
Clothes, what they should be made of, 157, &c.
how many to be worn, 157.
should not be dyed, 163.
DaWa, 7.
Dasikarba/ika, name of a 6"akha,
Datta (Dinna), name of a Sthavira,
Dejiga^in, name of a Sthavira, 295. Devananda, 190, ai8, &c.
name of a night, 265. Devarddhi, name of a Sthavira, 295. Dhammapada, 212 n i. Dhanagiri, name of a Sthavira, 293,
Dhanarddhi, 290.
Dharma, name of different Stha- viras, 294 (bis), 295.
name of the fifteenth Ttrtha-
kara, a 80. Dinara, denar, 233. Dfrghabhadra, 289. Diseases, various kinds of, 18, 19.
enumerated, 53. Dream-book, 246.
Dreams, interpreters of, 244, &c.
various kinds of, 246.
those of Trijali described, 330,
Dushamasushama period, 189, 218, &c.
Earth-bodies, how they are in-
jured, 4. Ea, 289. Eravatt, name of a river, 297.
Fire-bodies, 7,
Flood Sa#fsara, 20.
Flowers, various kinds enumerated,
a, chapter of monks, nirgata, 47 na, 113 n 2.
Gama, identical passages, 72 n a. Gaaa, 113, 273,286, 306.
founder of a, 113. Gaaadatta, 289.
Gawadhara, i n 4, 113, 273, 286. Gandharvas, 537.
Gangavarta, name of a whirlpool,
Gaika, name of a Kula, 291.
Garu^as, gods, 189.
Gautama, name of a gotra, 286, 289,
the Nirgrantha, 202. Gautarniya, name of a 5Skha, 292. Gavedhuka, name of a Sakha, 291. Girn3r, a mountain, 277, 279. Godasa, name of a Sthavira, 288.
name of a Ga^a, 288. Graha, 266, 267. Grammar, 221. Guhya, 152.
Gymnastic exercises, hall for, 242.
Gaiandharaya/za, name of a gotra,
190, 218. Gambi, name of a Sthavira, 295.
name of another monk, 289.
Gambfidvipa, 190, 218, &c. GambQnsiman Gambfi, 287.
GambGsva'min = GambG, i.
Gasawsa, name of Mahavira, 193, 256.
Gayanta, name of a Sthavira,
Gehila (Gett&la), name of a Stha- vira, 294.
Gina, title, 201, 203.
Ginakalpika, 57 n 2, 308 n 2.
Giva, identical with atman, 3 n 2.
G#atr/' or Gtfatr/ka, clan of Kshatri- yas, 191, 226, &c.
Gtfatn'putra, name of Mahavira, 76, 80.
<?/iatr/sha</a, name of a park, 199.
Gr/mbhikagrama, 201, 263.
Gyotishka, one of the four orders of gods, 191, 195, 252.
HSridraka, name of a Kula, 292.
Hariwegamesi, 227, 229.
Hanta, name of a gotra, 29 1
Haritamalagari, name of a
H3ritayaa, name of a gotra, 286.
Harivawja, 92.
Hastilipta (Hatthili&ga), name of a
Kula, 290.
Hastin, name of a Sthavira, 294. Heretic, 25.
Ikshvaku, 92, 218. Indra, 92.
Indrabhfiti, name of a Gaaadhara.
name of another man, 265.
Indradatta (Dinna), name of a Stha-
vira, 288, 292.
Indrapuraka, name of a Kula, 291. Ihgitamarana, a religious death, 72
Ijana, different from Indra, 198. Island, never covered with water,
likened to an ascetic, 58, 61. Itihasa, 221. Itvara, a religious death, 72 n 3.
Jewels, different kinds of, 238.
sixteen kinds of, 227.
Kakandaka, 284, 292.
Kakandika, 291.
Kalaka, name of a Sthavira, 294.
Kamarddhi, 291.
Kamarddhika, name of a Kula, 291.
Karana, 19 n 5, 265.
Karmabhtimi, 195 n i.
Karman, a.
Karttika, name of a month, 376.
Kaji, kings of, 266.
Kajyapa, name of a gotra, 193, 218,
Kasyapiya*, name of a 5aikha, 292. Ka/ibandhana, 73 n 2. Kltyiyana, name of a gotra, 287. Kauttt/ijiya, name of a gotra, 193,
KaujSmbika 1 , name of a SlkhS, 290. Kausika, name of a gotra, 290, 293. Kau/ika, 288, 292. Kautsa, name of a gotra, 294. Kau/umbini, name of a Sakha, 390. Kevala, 2, &c. Kheyanna, 29. Kinnaras, 237.
Ko^/ala, name of a gotra, 190, 219, &a
Ko</inya, 290.
Kojala, kings of, 266.
Kosalian, native of Ayodhy3, 281.
Kofivarsmya*, name of a Sakha, 288.
Kr/shfla, the line of, a celestial region, 195.
Kr/shwasakha, name of a Kula, 292.
Kriya, 2 n 3.
Kro/a, 297.
Kshamsbramaffa, a title, 295.
Ksha;ia, a divisioh of time, 262.
Kshemaliptiki, name of a Sakha, 291.
KshudrStman, name of a graha, 265.
Kubera, 293.
Kula, 288,&c.
Kulakara, 281 n 2.
Ku#ala, name of a town, 297.
Kun^adhan. See Kau/umbim.
Kuw</agrama, M^havira's birth-place, 219, &c.
KuWala, name o a gotra, 291.
KuWapura, Mahavira's birth-place, 1 90 ; puri, 191.
Kunthu, name of the seventeenth
.Kaitra, name of a month, 273, 282. ATakravartin, 225. ATampS, name of a town, 262. ATampiyik, name of a Sikha, 291. ATandana, name of a nun, 267. /Candanagari, name of a S^kha 1 , 290.
ATandra, name of a year, 265. ^andraprabha, name of the eighth
ATandraprabha, name of a palankin,
/Tirana, name of a Ga*a, 291. . &6aluya, or ATMiluya. See Roha-
gupta.
Kbukkbb) an interjection, 84. Jfitra, name of an asterism, 276. 61apa//aka, 73 n 2. /iTyavana, 202, 262.
n, name of a country, 84, 85. Lake, compared to a teacher, 49. Laukantika, gods, 195, 256, 272. Lava, a division ot time, 262, 265. Leader of the battle, epithet of a
monk, 61.
Leaki. See LUavi, 266 n i. Liberation, its nature inexpressible
in words, 52.
Li>Wavi, princes of Kojala, 266. Lives, six kinds of, 14. Living beings, all sorts of, 14, &c.
Madhyama, name of a Sakha, 293. Madhyamika (Mi/mnilla),name of
a Sakha, 292. Mahiigiri, name of a Sthavira, 287,
Maharddhika, 165.
Mahasuvrata, female lay votary, 278.
Mahavideha, name of a country,
194. Mahavira, venerable ascetic, 191,
Maighika, name of a Kula, 291. Maker of an end, 269, &c. Mallaki, princes of Kaji, 266. Malii, name of the nineteenth Tir-
Maloha^a, 106+41 i. Malyaka, name of a Kula, 292. Maaaka, 287.
Ma/zava, name of a Ga#a, 292*
Mandara, mount, 261.
Ma/r</ikaputra, name of a Gaoa-
dhara, 286. Mambhadra, 289. Mara, 29, 30. Margajiras, name of a month, 194,
Masapfinka, name of a Sakha, 290. Mi/fora, name of a gotra, 287, 288,
Matipattrika", name of a Sakha, 29. Mauryaputra, name of a Gawadhara,
Megha, 291. Mekhaliyika (Mehali^iya), name of
a Sakha, 291.
Metarya, name of a Ga^adhara, 286. Metre, 221. Milk Ocean, 199. Mithili, name of a' town, 264. MleM6a, 137, 185. Monk's hall, 88. Mukhavastrika*, 57 n 2. Mukta, name of a respiration, 265.
epithet of Mahavira, 265. Mukunda, 92.
Munisuvrata, name of the twentieth
Musical instruments, different kinds,
Nabhi, first king, 287. Naga, gods, 198.
name of a Karawa, 265.
name of a Sthavira, 294.
proper name, 290. NagabhGta, name of a Kula, 290. Nagaputra, 290.
Nagar^una, 32 n 2. Nagila, name of a Sthavira, 288. Nakshatra, name of a Sthavira, 294. Nalanda, name of a town, 264. Name and gotra, Karman relating to,
226. Kami, name of the twenty-first Ttr-
thakaja, 280. Nanda, a lay votary, 278. Nandanabhadra, 289. Nandika (Nandi&fa), name of a
Kula, 290.
Nandita, name of a Sthavira, 295. Nandivardhana, name of the elder
brother of Mahavira, 193.
