Fetching
One moment.
Fetching
One moment.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1The concluding HH is perplexing. 2 This event is mentioned in the Analects, XIV, xxii, where the perpetrator of the murder is called Khan Khang-3ze, and Khan Hang. Hang was his name, and Aang the honorary title given to him after his death. The family to which he belonged had originally taken refuge in K/At from the state of KAanin B.c.672. Why and when its chiefs adopted the surname Thien instead of Kan is not well known. The murder took place in 482. Hang did not immediately usurp the marquisate; but he and his successors disposed of it at their pleasure among the representatives of the old House till 386, when Thien Ho was recognised by the king of 4u as the marquis; and his next successor but one took the title of king. 8 The kingdom of KAf came to an end in s.c. 221, the first year of the dynasty of Ahin, after it had lasted through five reigns. How Awang-3ze made out his ‘twelve generations’ we cannot tell, There may be an interpolation in his text made in the time of Ain, or subsequently, ee -- - : = cee ea a oe PT. II. SECT. 111. THE WRITINGS OF KWANG-3ZE. 28 3 but at the same time the regulations of its sages and wise men, which thereby served to guard the person of him, thief and robber as he was ? 2. Let me try to set forth this subject (still further). Have not there been among those vulgarly styled the wisest, such as have collected (their wealth) for the great chief? and among those styled the most sage such as have guarded it for him? How do I know that it has been so? Formerly, Lung-fang! was beheaded; Pi-kan? had his heart torn out; Aang Hung® was ripped open; and 3zehsii * was reduced to pulp (in the Kiang). Worthy as those four men were, they did not escape such dreadful deaths. The followers of the robber Kih* asked him, saying, ‘Has the robber also any method or principle (in his proceedings)?’ He replied, ‘What profession is there which has not its principles? That the robber in his recklessness comes to the conclusion that there are valuable deposits in an apartment shows his sageness; that he is the first to enter it shows his bravery; that he is the last to quit it shows his righteousness; that he knows whether (the robbery) may be attempted or not shows his wisdom; and that he makes an equal 1 See on Book IV, par. 1. 2 See on Book IV, par. 1. 5 A historiographer of Kau, with whom Confucius is said to have studied music. He was weakly and unjustly put to death, as here described by king King, in B.c. 492. * Wai 32ze-hsii, the hero of revenge, who fled from KA( to WA, which he long served. He was driven at last to commit suicide, and his body was then put into a leathern wine-sack, and thrown into the Kiang near the present SQ-A4u ;—about B.c. 475. ® See on Book VIII, par. 4. 284 THE TEXTS OF TAOISM. BK. X.
2He was driven at last to commit suicide, and his body was then put into a leathern wine-sack, and thrown into the Kiang near the present SQ-A4u ;—about B.c. 475. ® See on Book VIII, par. 4. 284 THE TEXTS OF TAOISM. BK. X. division of the plunder shows his benevolence. Without all these five qualities no one in the world has ever attained to become a great robber.’ Looking at the subject in this way, we see that good men do not arise without having the principles of the sages, and that Aih could not have pursued his course without the same principles. But the good men in the world are few, and those who are not good are many ;—it follows that the sages benefit the world in a few instances and injure it in many. Hence it is that we have the sayings, ‘When the lips are gone the teeth are cold!;’ ‘The poor wine of La gave occasion to the siege of Han-tan?;’ ‘When sages are born great robbers arise®, When the stream is dried, the valley is empty; when the mound is levelled, the deep pool (beside it) is filled up. When the sages have died, the great robbers will not arise ; the world would be at peace, and there would be no more troubles. While the sagely men have not died, great robbers will not cease to appear. The more right that is attached to (the views of) the sagely men for the government of the world, the more advantage will accrue to (such men as) the robber Kih. If we make for men pecks and bushels 1 This is an instance of cause and effect naturally happening. 2 At a meeting of the princes, presided over by king Hsiian of Kh (8. c. 369-340), the ruler of La brought very poor wine for the king, which was presented to him as wine of K4o, in consequence of a grudge against that kingdom by his officer of wines. In consequence of this king Hsiian ordered siege to be laid to Han-tan, the capital of K4o. This is an instance of cause and effect occurring irregularly. 3 There seems to be no connexion of cause and effect here ; but Awang-3ze goes on in his own way to make out that there is such a connexion, PT, II. SECT. 111, THE WRITINGS OF KWANG-8ZE. 285
3This is an instance of cause and effect occurring irregularly. 3 There seems to be no connexion of cause and effect here ; but Awang-3ze goes on in his own way to make out that there is such a connexion, PT, II. SECT. 111, THE WRITINGS OF KWANG-8ZE. 285 to measure (their wares), even by means of those pecks and bushels should we be teaching them to steal!; if we make for them weights and steelyards to weigh (their wares), even by means of those weights and steelyards shall we be teaching them to steal. If we make for them tallies and seals to secure their good faith, even by means of those tallies and seals shall we be teaching them to steal. If we make for them benevolence and righteousness to make their doings correct, even by means of benevolence and righteousness shall we be teaching them to steal. How do I know that it is so? Here is one who steals a hook (for his girdle) ;—he is put to death for it: here is another who steals a state ;—he becomes its prince. But it is at the gates of the princes that we find benevolence and righteousness (most strongly) professed ;—is not this stealing benevolence and righteousness, sageness and wisdom ? Thus they hasten to become great robbers, carry off princedoms, and steal benevolence and righteousness, with all the gains springing from the use of pecks and bushels, weights and steelyards, tallies and seals:—even the rewards of carriages and coronets have no power to influence (to a different course), and the terrors of the axe have no power to restrain in such cases. The giving of so great gain to robbers (like) Aih, and making it impossible to restrain them ;—this is the error committed by the sages. 3. In accordance with this it is said, ‘Fish should 1 The verb ‘to steal’ is here used transitively, and with a hiphil force. 286 THE TEXTS OF TAOISM. BK. X.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1The concluding HH is perplexing. 2 This event is mentioned in the Analects, XIV, xxii, where the perpetrator of the murder is called Khan Khang-3ze, and Khan Hang. Hang was his name, and Aang the honorary title given to him after his death. The family to which he belonged had originally taken refuge in K/At from the state of KAanin B.c.672. Why and when its chiefs adopted the surname Thien instead of Kan is not well known. The murder took place in 482. Hang did not immediately usurp the marquisate; but he and his successors disposed of it at their pleasure among the representatives of the old House till 386, when Thien Ho was recognised by the king of 4u as the marquis; and his next successor but one took the title of king. 8 The kingdom of KAf came to an end in s.c. 221, the first year of the dynasty of Ahin, after it had lasted through five reigns. How Awang-3ze made out his ‘twelve generations’ we cannot tell, There may be an interpolation in his text made in the time of Ain, or subsequently, ee -- - : = cee ea a oe PT. II. SECT. 111. THE WRITINGS OF KWANG-3ZE. 28 3 but at the same time the regulations of its sages and wise men, which thereby served to guard the person of him, thief and robber as he was ? 2. Let me try to set forth this subject (still further). Have not there been among those vulgarly styled the wisest, such as have collected (their wealth) for the great chief? and among those styled the most sage such as have guarded it for him? How do I know that it has been so? Formerly, Lung-fang! was beheaded; Pi-kan? had his heart torn out; Aang Hung® was ripped open; and 3zehsii * was reduced to pulp (in the Kiang). Worthy as those four men were, they did not escape such dreadful deaths. The followers of the robber Kih* asked him, saying, ‘Has the robber also any method or principle (in his proceedings)?’ He replied, ‘What profession is there which has not its principles? That the robber in his recklessness comes to the conclusion that there are valuable deposits in an apartment shows his sageness; that he is the first to enter it shows his bravery; that he is the last to quit it shows his righteousness; that he knows whether (the robbery) may be attempted or not shows his wisdom; and that he makes an equal 1 See on Book IV, par. 1. 2 See on Book IV, par. 1. 5 A historiographer of Kau, with whom Confucius is said to have studied music. He was weakly and unjustly put to death, as here described by king King, in B.c. 492. * Wai 32ze-hsii, the hero of revenge, who fled from KA( to WA, which he long served. He was driven at last to commit suicide, and his body was then put into a leathern wine-sack, and thrown into the Kiang near the present SQ-A4u ;—about B.c. 475. ® See on Book VIII, par. 4. 284 THE TEXTS OF TAOISM. BK. X.
2He was driven at last to commit suicide, and his body was then put into a leathern wine-sack, and thrown into the Kiang near the present SQ-A4u ;—about B.c. 475. ® See on Book VIII, par. 4. 284 THE TEXTS OF TAOISM. BK. X. division of the plunder shows his benevolence. Without all these five qualities no one in the world has ever attained to become a great robber.’ Looking at the subject in this way, we see that good men do not arise without having the principles of the sages, and that Aih could not have pursued his course without the same principles. But the good men in the world are few, and those who are not good are many ;—it follows that the sages benefit the world in a few instances and injure it in many. Hence it is that we have the sayings, ‘When the lips are gone the teeth are cold!;’ ‘The poor wine of La gave occasion to the siege of Han-tan?;’ ‘When sages are born great robbers arise®, When the stream is dried, the valley is empty; when the mound is levelled, the deep pool (beside it) is filled up. When the sages have died, the great robbers will not arise ; the world would be at peace, and there would be no more troubles. While the sagely men have not died, great robbers will not cease to appear. The more right that is attached to (the views of) the sagely men for the government of the world, the more advantage will accrue to (such men as) the robber Kih. If we make for men pecks and bushels 1 This is an instance of cause and effect naturally happening. 2 At a meeting of the princes, presided over by king Hsiian of Kh (8. c. 369-340), the ruler of La brought very poor wine for the king, which was presented to him as wine of K4o, in consequence of a grudge against that kingdom by his officer of wines. In consequence of this king Hsiian ordered siege to be laid to Han-tan, the capital of K4o. This is an instance of cause and effect occurring irregularly. 3 There seems to be no connexion of cause and effect here ; but Awang-3ze goes on in his own way to make out that there is such a connexion, PT, II. SECT. 111, THE WRITINGS OF KWANG-8ZE. 285
3This is an instance of cause and effect occurring irregularly. 3 There seems to be no connexion of cause and effect here ; but Awang-3ze goes on in his own way to make out that there is such a connexion, PT, II. SECT. 111, THE WRITINGS OF KWANG-8ZE. 285 to measure (their wares), even by means of those pecks and bushels should we be teaching them to steal!; if we make for them weights and steelyards to weigh (their wares), even by means of those weights and steelyards shall we be teaching them to steal. If we make for them tallies and seals to secure their good faith, even by means of those tallies and seals shall we be teaching them to steal. If we make for them benevolence and righteousness to make their doings correct, even by means of benevolence and righteousness shall we be teaching them to steal. How do I know that it is so? Here is one who steals a hook (for his girdle) ;—he is put to death for it: here is another who steals a state ;—he becomes its prince. But it is at the gates of the princes that we find benevolence and righteousness (most strongly) professed ;—is not this stealing benevolence and righteousness, sageness and wisdom ? Thus they hasten to become great robbers, carry off princedoms, and steal benevolence and righteousness, with all the gains springing from the use of pecks and bushels, weights and steelyards, tallies and seals:—even the rewards of carriages and coronets have no power to influence (to a different course), and the terrors of the axe have no power to restrain in such cases. The giving of so great gain to robbers (like) Aih, and making it impossible to restrain them ;—this is the error committed by the sages. 3. In accordance with this it is said, ‘Fish should 1 The verb ‘to steal’ is here used transitively, and with a hiphil force. 286 THE TEXTS OF TAOISM. BK. X.
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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