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Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1? Saunaka wishes the student to understand that though ‘ mortals see him not,’ he sees and knows him, viz. the god who, as Vayu, swallows all the gods, but produces them again, and who, as priza, swallows during sleep all senses, but produces them again at the time of waking. 5 The words are obscure, and the commentator does not throw much light on them. He explains, however, the four casts of the dice, the Krita= 4, the Tretd=3, the Dvapara=2, the Kali=1, making together 10, the Krita cast absorbing the other casts, and thus counting ten. * Virag, name of a metre of ten syllables, and also a name of food. One expects, ‘which is the food and eats the food.’ 60 KHANDOGYA-UPANISHAD, which eats the food. Through this all this becomes seen. He whoknows this sees all this and becomes an eater of food, yea, he becomes an eater of food. FourtH Kuawpa’, 1, Satyak4ma, the son of Gab&la, addressed his mother and said: ‘I wish to become a Brahmaérin (religious student), mother. Of what family am‘I?’ 2. She said to him: ‘I do not know, my child, of what family thou art. In my youth when I had to move about much as a servant (waiting on the guests in my father’s house), I conceived thee. I do not know of what family thou art. I am Gabala by name, thou art Satyakama (Philalethes). Say that thou art Satyakama G4bala.’ 3. He going to Gautama Haridrumata said to him, ‘I wish to become a Brahmaf4rin with you, Sir. May I come to you, Sir ?’ 4. He said to him: ‘Of what family are you, my friend?’ He replied: ‘1 do not know, Sir, of what family I am. I asked my mother, and she answered: “In my youth when I had to move about much as a servant, I conceived thee. I do not know of what family thou art. I am Gabalé by name, thou art Satyak4ma,” I am therefore Satyakama GaAbala, Sir.’ 5. He said to him: ‘No one but a true Brdhmaza would thus speak out. Go and fetch fuel, friend, I shall initiate you. You have not swerved from the truth.’ Having initiated him, he chose four hundred lean and weak cows, and said: ‘ Tend these, friend.’ 1 This carries on the explanation of the four feet of Brahman, as first mentioned in III, 18, 1. Each foot or quarter of Brahman is represented as fourfold, and the knowledge of these sixteen parts is called the ShodasakalAvidy4. IV PRAPATHAKA, 6 KHANDA, I. 61 He drove them out and said to himself, ‘I shall not return unless I bring back a thousand.’ He dwelt a number of years (in the forest), and when the cows had become a thousand, e FirtH KHawpa. 1. The bull of the herd (meant for Vayu) said to him: ‘Satyakama!’ He replied: ‘Sir!’ The bull said: ‘We have become a thousand, lead us to the house of the teacher ; 2. ‘And I will declare to you one foot of Brahman.’ ‘ Declare it, Sir,’ he replied.
21. The bull of the herd (meant for Vayu) said to him: ‘Satyakama!’ He replied: ‘Sir!’ The bull said: ‘We have become a thousand, lead us to the house of the teacher ; 2. ‘And I will declare to you one foot of Brahman.’ ‘ Declare it, Sir,’ he replied. He said to him; ‘ The eastern region is one quarter, the western region is one quarter, the southern region is one quarter, the northern region is one quarter. This is a foot of Brahman, consisting of the four quarters, and called Prakasavat (endowed with splendour). 3. ‘He who knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Prakd4savat, becomes endowed with splendour in this world. He conquers the resplendent worlds, whoever knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of the four quarters, by the. name of PrakAsavat. S1xtH Kuawopa. 1. ‘Agni will declare to you another foot of Brahman.’ (After these words of the bull), Satyakama, on the morrow, drove the cows (toward the house of the teacher). And when they came towards the evening, he lighted a fire, penned the cows, laid wood on the fire, and sat down behind the fire, looking to the east. 62 KHANDOGYA-UPANISHAD. 2. Then Agni (the fire) said to him: ‘Satyakama!’ He replied: ‘Sir.’ 3. Agni said: ‘Friend, I will declare unto you oge foot of Brahman.’ ‘Declare it, Sir,’ he replied. He said to him: ‘The earth is one quarter, the sky is one quarter, the heaven is one quarter, the ocean is one quarter. This is a foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, and called Anantavat (endless). 4. ‘He who knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Anantavat, becomes endless in this world. He conquers the endless worlds, whoever knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Anantavat. SEVENTH KHAWDA. 1. ‘A Hamsa (flamingo, meant for the sun) will declare to you another foot of Brahman.’ (After these words of Agni), Satyakama, on the morrow, drove the cows onward. And when they came towards the evening, he lighted a fire, penned the cows, laid wood on the fire, and sat down behind the fire, looking toward the east. 2. Then a Hamsa flew near and said to him: ‘Satyakama.’ He replied: ‘Sir.’ 3. The Hamsa said: ‘ Friend, I will declare unto you one foot of Brahman.’ ‘Declare it, Sir,’ he replied. He said to him: ‘Fire is one quarter, the sun is one quarter, the moon is one quarter, lightning is one quarter. This is a foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, and called Gyotishmat (full of light). IV PRAPATHAKA, 8 KHANDA, 3. 63 4. ‘He who knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Gyotishmat, becomes full of light in this world. He conquers the worlds which are full of light, whoever knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Gyotishmat. _Eicuta Kuawpa.
3He conquers the worlds which are full of light, whoever knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Gyotishmat. _Eicuta Kuawpa. 1. ‘A diver-bird (Madgu, meant for Prdza) will declare to you another foot of Brahman.’ ‘(After these words of the Hamsa), SatyakAma, on the morrow, drove the cows onward. And when they came towards the evening, he lighted a fire, penned the cows, laid wood on the fire, and sat down behind the fire, looking toward the east. 2. Then a diver flew near and said to him: ‘Satyakama.’ He replied: ‘Sir.’ 3. The diver said: ‘ Friend, I will declare unto you one foot of Brahman.’ ‘ Declare it, Sir,’ he replied. He said to him: ‘ Breath is one quarter, the eye is one quarter, the ear is one quarter, the mind is one quarter. This is a foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, and called Ayatanavat (having a home). ‘He who knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Ayatanavat, becomes possessed of a home in this world. He conquers the worlds which offer a home, whoever knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Ayatanavat.’ 64 KHANDOGYA-UPANISHAD. Nintuy Kuyawpa. 1. Thus he reached the house of his teacher. The teacher said to him: ‘Satyakama.’ He replied: ‘Sir.’ 2. The teacher said: ‘Friend, you shine like one who knows Brahman. Who then has taught you!?’ He replied: ‘Not men. But you only, Sir, I wish, should teach me?; 3. ‘For I have heard from men like you, Sir, that only knowledge which is learnt from a teacher (Afarya), leads to real good.’ Then he taught him the same knowledge. Nothing was left out, yea, nothing was left out. TentH Kuawpa®, 1. Upakosala K4malayana dwelt as a Brahma- 4rin (religious student) in the house of Satyakama Gabala. He tended his fires for twelve years. But the teacher, though he allowed other pupils (after they had learnt the sacred books) to depart to their own homes, did not allow Upakosala to depart. 2. Then his wife said to him: ‘ This student, who is quite exhausted (with austerities), has carefully tended your fires. Let not the fires themselves blame you, but teach him.’ The teacher, however, went away on a journey without having taught him. 3. The student from sorrow was not able to eat. 1 It would have been a great offence if Satyakéama had accepted instruction from any man, except his recognised teacher. * The text should be, bhagavams tv eva me k&me brfyat (me k4me= mamekkhay&m). * The Upakosala-vidy4 teaches first Brahman as the cause, and then in its various forms, and is therefore called Atmavidy4 and agnividy4. IV PRAPATHAKA, II KHANDA, I. 65 Then the wife of the teacher said to him: ‘Student, eat! Why do you not eat?’ He said: ‘There are many desires in this man here, which lose themselves in different directions. I am full of sorrows, and shall take no food.’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
Romanised transliteration as printed by the translator, not the original script. This is what we hold.
1? Saunaka wishes the student to understand that though ‘ mortals see him not,’ he sees and knows him, viz. the god who, as Vayu, swallows all the gods, but produces them again, and who, as priza, swallows during sleep all senses, but produces them again at the time of waking. 5 The words are obscure, and the commentator does not throw much light on them. He explains, however, the four casts of the dice, the Krita= 4, the Tretd=3, the Dvapara=2, the Kali=1, making together 10, the Krita cast absorbing the other casts, and thus counting ten. * Virag, name of a metre of ten syllables, and also a name of food. One expects, ‘which is the food and eats the food.’ 60 KHANDOGYA-UPANISHAD, which eats the food. Through this all this becomes seen. He whoknows this sees all this and becomes an eater of food, yea, he becomes an eater of food. FourtH Kuawpa’, 1, Satyak4ma, the son of Gab&la, addressed his mother and said: ‘I wish to become a Brahmaérin (religious student), mother. Of what family am‘I?’ 2. She said to him: ‘I do not know, my child, of what family thou art. In my youth when I had to move about much as a servant (waiting on the guests in my father’s house), I conceived thee. I do not know of what family thou art. I am Gabala by name, thou art Satyakama (Philalethes). Say that thou art Satyakama G4bala.’ 3. He going to Gautama Haridrumata said to him, ‘I wish to become a Brahmaf4rin with you, Sir. May I come to you, Sir ?’ 4. He said to him: ‘Of what family are you, my friend?’ He replied: ‘1 do not know, Sir, of what family I am. I asked my mother, and she answered: “In my youth when I had to move about much as a servant, I conceived thee. I do not know of what family thou art. I am Gabalé by name, thou art Satyak4ma,” I am therefore Satyakama GaAbala, Sir.’ 5. He said to him: ‘No one but a true Brdhmaza would thus speak out. Go and fetch fuel, friend, I shall initiate you. You have not swerved from the truth.’ Having initiated him, he chose four hundred lean and weak cows, and said: ‘ Tend these, friend.’ 1 This carries on the explanation of the four feet of Brahman, as first mentioned in III, 18, 1. Each foot or quarter of Brahman is represented as fourfold, and the knowledge of these sixteen parts is called the ShodasakalAvidy4. IV PRAPATHAKA, 6 KHANDA, I. 61 He drove them out and said to himself, ‘I shall not return unless I bring back a thousand.’ He dwelt a number of years (in the forest), and when the cows had become a thousand, e FirtH KHawpa. 1. The bull of the herd (meant for Vayu) said to him: ‘Satyakama!’ He replied: ‘Sir!’ The bull said: ‘We have become a thousand, lead us to the house of the teacher ; 2. ‘And I will declare to you one foot of Brahman.’ ‘ Declare it, Sir,’ he replied.
21. The bull of the herd (meant for Vayu) said to him: ‘Satyakama!’ He replied: ‘Sir!’ The bull said: ‘We have become a thousand, lead us to the house of the teacher ; 2. ‘And I will declare to you one foot of Brahman.’ ‘ Declare it, Sir,’ he replied. He said to him; ‘ The eastern region is one quarter, the western region is one quarter, the southern region is one quarter, the northern region is one quarter. This is a foot of Brahman, consisting of the four quarters, and called Prakasavat (endowed with splendour). 3. ‘He who knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Prakd4savat, becomes endowed with splendour in this world. He conquers the resplendent worlds, whoever knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of the four quarters, by the. name of PrakAsavat. S1xtH Kuawopa. 1. ‘Agni will declare to you another foot of Brahman.’ (After these words of the bull), Satyakama, on the morrow, drove the cows (toward the house of the teacher). And when they came towards the evening, he lighted a fire, penned the cows, laid wood on the fire, and sat down behind the fire, looking to the east. 62 KHANDOGYA-UPANISHAD. 2. Then Agni (the fire) said to him: ‘Satyakama!’ He replied: ‘Sir.’ 3. Agni said: ‘Friend, I will declare unto you oge foot of Brahman.’ ‘Declare it, Sir,’ he replied. He said to him: ‘The earth is one quarter, the sky is one quarter, the heaven is one quarter, the ocean is one quarter. This is a foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, and called Anantavat (endless). 4. ‘He who knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Anantavat, becomes endless in this world. He conquers the endless worlds, whoever knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Anantavat. SEVENTH KHAWDA. 1. ‘A Hamsa (flamingo, meant for the sun) will declare to you another foot of Brahman.’ (After these words of Agni), Satyakama, on the morrow, drove the cows onward. And when they came towards the evening, he lighted a fire, penned the cows, laid wood on the fire, and sat down behind the fire, looking toward the east. 2. Then a Hamsa flew near and said to him: ‘Satyakama.’ He replied: ‘Sir.’ 3. The Hamsa said: ‘ Friend, I will declare unto you one foot of Brahman.’ ‘Declare it, Sir,’ he replied. He said to him: ‘Fire is one quarter, the sun is one quarter, the moon is one quarter, lightning is one quarter. This is a foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, and called Gyotishmat (full of light). IV PRAPATHAKA, 8 KHANDA, 3. 63 4. ‘He who knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Gyotishmat, becomes full of light in this world. He conquers the worlds which are full of light, whoever knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Gyotishmat. _Eicuta Kuawpa.
3He conquers the worlds which are full of light, whoever knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Gyotishmat. _Eicuta Kuawpa. 1. ‘A diver-bird (Madgu, meant for Prdza) will declare to you another foot of Brahman.’ ‘(After these words of the Hamsa), SatyakAma, on the morrow, drove the cows onward. And when they came towards the evening, he lighted a fire, penned the cows, laid wood on the fire, and sat down behind the fire, looking toward the east. 2. Then a diver flew near and said to him: ‘Satyakama.’ He replied: ‘Sir.’ 3. The diver said: ‘ Friend, I will declare unto you one foot of Brahman.’ ‘ Declare it, Sir,’ he replied. He said to him: ‘ Breath is one quarter, the eye is one quarter, the ear is one quarter, the mind is one quarter. This is a foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, and called Ayatanavat (having a home). ‘He who knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Ayatanavat, becomes possessed of a home in this world. He conquers the worlds which offer a home, whoever knows this and meditates on the foot of Brahman, consisting of four quarters, by the name of Ayatanavat.’ 64 KHANDOGYA-UPANISHAD. Nintuy Kuyawpa. 1. Thus he reached the house of his teacher. The teacher said to him: ‘Satyakama.’ He replied: ‘Sir.’ 2. The teacher said: ‘Friend, you shine like one who knows Brahman. Who then has taught you!?’ He replied: ‘Not men. But you only, Sir, I wish, should teach me?; 3. ‘For I have heard from men like you, Sir, that only knowledge which is learnt from a teacher (Afarya), leads to real good.’ Then he taught him the same knowledge. Nothing was left out, yea, nothing was left out. TentH Kuawpa®, 1. Upakosala K4malayana dwelt as a Brahma- 4rin (religious student) in the house of Satyakama Gabala. He tended his fires for twelve years. But the teacher, though he allowed other pupils (after they had learnt the sacred books) to depart to their own homes, did not allow Upakosala to depart. 2. Then his wife said to him: ‘ This student, who is quite exhausted (with austerities), has carefully tended your fires. Let not the fires themselves blame you, but teach him.’ The teacher, however, went away on a journey without having taught him. 3. The student from sorrow was not able to eat. 1 It would have been a great offence if Satyakéama had accepted instruction from any man, except his recognised teacher. * The text should be, bhagavams tv eva me k&me brfyat (me k4me= mamekkhay&m). * The Upakosala-vidy4 teaches first Brahman as the cause, and then in its various forms, and is therefore called Atmavidy4 and agnividy4. IV PRAPATHAKA, II KHANDA, I. 65 Then the wife of the teacher said to him: ‘Student, eat! Why do you not eat?’ He said: ‘There are many desires in this man here, which lose themselves in different directions. I am full of sorrows, and shall take no food.’
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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