^ Not towards the east, as at the Darjapurwamasa ; cf. p. 38, note 3. At offerings to the Manes the south, as a rule, takes the place of the east, the west that of ihe south, &c.
^ At the conclusion of the Aptya ceremony (cf. I, 2, 2, 18-3. 5) he erects south of the (ordinary) Dakshi«a-fire a (quadrangular) shed (see further on, paragraph 20) with a door on the north side. Inside it he prepares a quadrangular altar (of the same size as at the Dar^apurwamasa ; cf. I, 2, 5, 14) with the corners towards the intermediate quarters, in the centre of which he makes the (new) Dakshiwagni hearth. [According to Taitt. Br. I, 6, 8, 5-6 no digging takes place in preparing the altar (which is to be square) at the Pitr/yag-fia.] When the Dakshiwa-fire is transferred to the new fire-place, the Pramta-water (see p. 9, note) is carried after it, followed by the Brahman and Sacrificcr, and placed east (not north) of the hearth. The laying down of the fire is preceded by the usual fivefold lustration of the hearth (see p. 2).
Ii Kanda, 6 Adhyaya, I Brahmaa^a, 12. 423
with his face towards the east. On all sides are the
fathers, for the fathers are the intermediate regions,
and the intermediate reofions are indeed on all sides :
this is why he lays down the fire in the centre.
12. From thence he throws the grass-bush (stam-
baya^us) eastwards \ Having throAvn away the grass-
bush, he first encloses (the altar) thus (viz. on the
west side), then thus (viz. on the north side), then
thus (on the east side). Having enclosed it with
the first line of enclosure, he (the Adhvaryu) draws
(three) lines (across the altar)- and [the Agnidhra]
removes (from them the dust) which has to be
removed. In the same way he encloses it with the
second line of enclosure; and havinsf enclosed it with
the second line of enclosure, and smoothed it down,
he says, * Place the sprinkling water on (the altar) ! '
They accordingly place the sprinkling water on (the
altar) ; and the firewood and barhis they lay down
beside it^. He (the Agnidhra) wipes the spoons.
He then walks up (to the altar) with the butter (and
^ Instead of northwards, as is done at the normal ish/i ; see I, 2, 4, 12 seq.
^ After tracing the first line of enclosure, the Adhvaryu draws three lines across the altar, either from west to east or from south to north; and says to the Agnidhra, 'Take thrice!' The latter then takes the dust from the lines and throws it on the utkara (the heap of rubbish, formed north of the altar in preparing the latter), and thereupon again obliterates them. According to Katy. II, 6, 29, the same ceremony may be performed at the Darjapur;/a- masa ; but there no mention is made of it by our author (see I, 2, 5, 12).
^ Viz. the Agnidhra lays them down between the altar and the pra;nta/z (see p. 422, note 3); the firewood behind (west of) the sacrificial grass (barhis), and both with the tops towards the south. The wooden sword also has been previously put down by the Adhvaryu close behind the pra;nla/i.
424 ^-ATAPATIIA-BRAHMAA^A.
puts it down thereon \ north of the sprinkling water).
He (the Adhvaryu) takes butter, while ' sacrificially-
invested-.'
13. Here now they say, ' Let him take butter in
the upabh/'/t (by) twice (ladling with the dipping
spoon) ; since there are two after-offerings ^ at this
(sacrifice).' Let him, nevertheless, ladle eight times
into the upabhr/t : let him do so, lest he should
depart from the manner of the sacrifice. After
ladling out butter, and shifting his cord back to
the right shoulder, —
14. The Adhvaryu takes the lustral water, and
sprinkles first the firewood, and then the altar^.
Thereupon they hand the sacrificial grass ^ to him,
and he puts it down (on the altar) with the knot
to the east. Having thereupon sprinkled it and
^ The lady of the house not being present at the sacrifice to the Manes, neither the ceremony of girding (I, 3, i, 12 seq.), nor that of her looking at the butter — while it is taken from the Garhapatya iire, along the east side of the Ahavaniya to the altar — takes place on this occasion. According to the commentators on Katy. V, 8, 25 (Paddh. p. 519), however, the Adhvaryu has to look down on the butter, with the same text (Va^. S. I, 30) which was used by the sacrificer's wife. For some details to be supplied here, see I, 3, I, 22-28.
^ He has hitherto worn his sacrificial cord on the right shoulder and under the left arm (' eastward-invested '), and now shifts it so as to be on the left shoulder and under the right arm (' sacrificially- invested'). As to the taking or ladling of butter into the oflfering- spoons, see I, 3, 2, r seq.
•' See I, 3, 2, 9.
* See I, 3, 3, 1 seq.
^ The barhis, on this occasion, must have been cut close to the root (upamulam, II, 4, 2, 17 ; lipamiile ditam, Kawva rec). Accord- ing to Taitt. Br. I, 6, 8, 6-7, on the other hand, it has apparently to be torn up with the roots (yat parushi dina;« tad devanam, yad antara tan manushyawam, yat samula?;/ tat pitr/Vzam).
II KANDA, 6 ADHYAYA, I BRAHMAiVA, t6. 425
poured out (the lustral water on the lower ends
of the grass-stalks), and untied the knot, he (at
once) seizes the knot, not the prastara'; — it is once
for all that the fathers have departed: hence he
does not take the prastara.
15. After undoing the band, he moves thrice^
round from right to left, spreading the sacrificial
grass all over (the altar); while spreading it all
over from right to left in three layers, he reserves
as much as may serve for the prastara-bunch. He
then moves again thrice round (the altar) from left
to right. The reason why he again moves thrice
round from left to right, is that, while the first time
he went away from here after those three ancestors
of his, he now comes back again from them to this,
his own world : that is why he again moves thrice
round from left to right.
16. He lays the enclosing-sticks along (the fire,
with their tops) towards the souths and the pra-
stara also he spreads (with the grass-tops) towards
the south ; nor does he lay down the two vidhr/tis
between (the barhis and the prastara). Once for
all the fathers have departed from hence : therefore
he lays no vidhmis between.
^ As he did on the former occasion, I, 3, 3, 5.
' According to Taitt. Br. I, 6, 8, 7, because the fathers abide in the third world from here (trztiye va ito loke pitara>^).
^ Viz. he is to lay down the enclosing-sticks along the north, west, and east sides, the last two with their tops towards the south. The third text (cf I, 3, 4, 4) has, of course, to be changed to ' May ]\ritra-Varu«a lay thee around in the east,' &c. ; as has also the one he mutters after putting the two sticks on the fire, to ' INIay the sun guard thee from the south against any imprecation!' (I, 3, 4, 8.) According to Taitt. Br. I, 6, 8, 8-9, on the other hand, he is to lay down only two enclosing-sticks (viz. the middle or western, and the northern one, cf. Saya^^a on Taitt. S. II, p. 72).
426 i-ATArATHA-BRAILMAiVA.
17. Thereon he lays the .^"uhu, and east of it (on
the barhis) the upabhr/t. Having then put down
the dhruva, the cake, the parched grain, and the por-
ridge (each east of the preceding one), he touches
the oblations.
18. All of them having now become ' sacrificially-
invested,' the Sacrificer and Brahman (being) thus
(invested) walk round (from the east, along the
south) to the west side ; and the Agnidhra (from
the west) to the east side (of the fire)^
19. They perform this (sacrifice) in a low voice.
Secret, indeed, are the fathers, and secret also is
(what is spoken) in a low voice : hence they perform
(the offering) in a low voice.
20. They perform it in an enclosed place. Secret,
indeed, are the fathers, and secret also is that which
is enclosed : hence they perform in an enclosed place,
21. While putting firewood (on the fire), he then
says (to the Hotr/), ' Recite to the fire, as it is being
kindled !' Only (this) one kindling-verse the Hotrz
recites-, (and that) thrice; — the fathers have departed
once for all : hence the Hotr/ recites thrice only
one kindlinof-verse.
22. He recites, ' Loving we deposit thee (O Agni), loving we enkindle thee : O loving one, bring
^ Here he remains standing, while the Sacrificer and Brahman sit down facing the east.
^ Instead of the ordinary eleven verses, the first and last of which are recited thrice ; see I, 3, 5, 6. According to Taitt. Br. I, 6, 9, i, the Adhvaryu summons the Hotri with ' Recite to the fire, as it is being kindled for the gods (and) fathers ! ' The bunch of firewood, with the exception of one stick, which is reserved for the after- offerings, is divided into three parts, one of which is thrown on the fire at the same time when the syllable *om' is pronounced by the Hot;'/ at the end of the kindling-vcrse.
II KANDA, 6 ADHYAYA, I BRAIIMAiVA, 23. 427
hither the loving fathers to eat their oblation!'
Thereupon he says, ' Bring Agni hither^ ! bring
Soma hither ! bring hither the fathers, accompa-
nied by Soma ! bring hither the fathers, seated on
the barhis ! bring hither the fathers, consumed by
Agni ! bring hither the butter-drinking gods ! bring
hither Agni for the Hotrz'ship! bring hither (thine)
own greatness M' Having thus called on (Agni) to
bring hither (the fathers and gods), he sits down.
23. Having then called ^ for the (Agnidhra's)
' ^'rausha/,' he does not elect the Hotr/; for this
being a sacrifice to the Manes, he does not elect
the Hotr/*, lest he should consign the Hotr/ to
the Manes. He says, ' Hotr/, seat thyself!' and
takes his seat. The Hotr/, having sat down on
the Hotr/'s seat, urges (the Adhvaryu) to proceed ;
and thus urged, the Adhvaryu takes the two spoons
and steps across to the west (of the fire) ; and
having stepped across and called for the '^'rausha/','
he says, ' Pronounce the offering-prayer to the
kindling-sticks!' He performs four fore-offerings^,
^ The Ka«va MS. reads, ' Bring Agni hither, O Agni ! ' Before this, Asval II, 19, 7 inserts, ' Bring hither the gods (and) fathers for the sacrificer ! ' See I, 4, 2, t6.
^ According to the Ka«va text he adds here the same formula as at ordinary ish/is (I, 4, 2, 17), ' Bring (them) hither, O Catavedas, and offer up a good offering ! ' For the formulas ' Bring hither Agni for the Hotr/ship ! bring hither thine own greatness ! ' Ajval. II, 19, 8 apparently substitutes ' Bring hither Agni Kavyavahana !' of. further on, par. 30.
^ ' The Adhvaryu, having offered the two libations of butter, and called for the -Srausha/,' Ka«va recension.
* On the pr avara, or election of the (divine and human) Hotr/, see I, 4, 2, I seq., 5, i, i seq. The call 'Hotr/, seat thyself!' here takes the place of the formulas given I, 5, i, 5 ^^q-
■^ See I, 5, 3, I seq.
4^8 ^-ATAPATHA-BRAHMAiVA.
omitting the one to the Barhis ; for the barhis
means offspring, and he therefore performs the
four fore-offerings without the one to the barhis,
lest he should consign his offspring to the fathers.
Thereupon they proceed with the two butter-por-
tions ; and having offered the two butter-portions, —
24. They all shift their sacrificial cord over to
the right shoulder, being now about to proceed with
those (chief) oblations. The Sacrificer and Brahman,
(being) thus (invested), step across (from the west)
to the east side, and the Agnidhra (from the east)
to the west side (of the fire). And furthermore,
the (Adhvaryu's) call for the ' KSrausha/^' is ' Om
svadha!' and the (Agnidhra's) response is ' Astu
svadha^ !' and the VashaZ-call is ' Svadha nama/^!'
25. As to this, Asuri said, ' Let them call for
the ^'rausha^ (by " O ^Sravaya"), and let them respond
with the " (Astu) ^'rausha/," and let them pronounce
the " Vasha/," lest we should depart from the manner
of the sacrifice.'
26. [The Adhvaryu] then says, ' Pronounce the in-
vitatory prayer to the fathers, accompanied by Soma !'
or ' — to Soma, accompanied by the fathers!' — Two
invitatory prayers he (the Hot;V) pronounces (at the
offerings), because it is with one that one moves the
gods, and with two the fathers, since the fathers have
departed once (for all)- : hence he pronounces two
invitatory prayers.