? See p. 393, note 2. This exclamation is a Pahlavi version of a quotation from the Gathas (Yas. XLVIII, ro, c).
* The demon of wrath (see Dd. XXXVII, 44).
® See Dd. XXXVII, 81. This passage (§§ 36-39) is quoted from Yas. XXVII, 2, LVI, xii, 5.
* These words are omitted in the Pahlavi text, but occur in the Avesta.
® Or, perhaps, ‘murmured over’ with prayers.
* This nine-knotted reed, or stick, must be so long that the ladle, tied to its end. can easily reach the unclean person at the holes, when the stick is held by the priest who stands outside the furrows.
438 APPENDIX.
shall have been washed over, (48) thou shalt sprinkle
him on the front of the top of his head ‘as far as the
hair has grown.] 49. Theft the fiend of corruption’
rushes in front, upon so-ve of the space between the
brows of that man.
50. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle in front, on some of the
space between the brows of that man, [from the
place where the hair has grown, as far as to the
ears backwards, azd both cheeks at the bottom.]
51. Then the fiend of corruption rushes upon the
back of his head.
52. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on the back of his head,
[from the place where the hair has grown, casting
(stunak) one-fourth to the spine.] 53. Then the
fiend of corruption rushes in front upon his jaws.
54. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle in front, on his jaws,
[both cheeks as far as to the ears backwards, casting
one-fourth unto the throat.] 55. Then the fiend of
corruption rushes upon his right ear.
56. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his right ear. 57.
Then the fiend of corruption rushes upon his left
éar.
58. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his left ear, [just as the ear is turned, casting one-fourth to the liquid?.]
1 The Nasfis fiend (see Dd. XVII, 7).
2 The word, both here and in § 68, must be Av. 4fs, ‘ water, and not a Pazand term for any part of the body, as any such term would be inadmissible in § 68. It would seem as if a smaller supply of liquid were requisite for the ears than for the other customary parts, so that a quarter of the supply is directed to be returned to the vessel holding the liquid. The remarks made by the Pahlavi translator, upon the sprinkling of the left-hand mem- bers of the body, are evidently intended also to apply, in nearly all cases, to the sprinkling of the right-hand members.
Iv. the Bareshnum Ceremony. 439
59. Then the fiend of corruption rushes upon his right shoulder.
60. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his right shoulder.
61. Then the fiend of corraption rushes upon his
left shoulder.
62. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his left shoulder, [oz
the side in front, just as it is turned, even unto the
elbow.] 63. Then the fiend of corruption rushes
upon his right armpit. |
64. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his right armpit.
65. Then the fiend of corruption rushes upon his
left armpit.
66. ‘ Thou shalt sprinkle on his left armpit, [as far
as the hair has grown.] 67. Then the fiend of cor-
ruption rushes in front upon his chest.
68. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle in front on his chest,
[half the liquid to the shoulders, azd half to the
region of the throat, within three finger-dreadths of
the face1.] 69. Then the fiend of corruption rushes
upon his back.
70. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his back, [from the
slender fart of the spine unto the anus.] 71. Then
the fiend of corruption rushes upon his right nipple.
72. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his right nipple. 73.
Then the fiend of corruption rushes upon his left
nipple.
74. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his left nipple, [just
as the nipple shall be turned; azd those of women
(zanagAi.6) are to be held up.] 75. Then the fiend
of corruption rushes upon his right side.
+6. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his right side. 77. Then
the fiend of corruption rushes upon his left side.
440 APPENDIX.
78. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his left side; [this,
moreover, is because one specially recites for ever
on ¢hat side.] 79. Then the fiend of corruption
rushes upon his right hip?.
80. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his right hip. 81.
Then the fiend of corruption rushes upon his left
hip.
82. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his left hip, [just as it
is turned, as far as to the hollow? of it (gaiyak-i
valman) below the thigh.] 83. Then the fiend of
corruption rushes upon his sexual part.
84. ‘ Thou shalt sprinkle on his sexual part. 85. If
it be a male, thou shalt sprinkle behind it before-
hand, and in front of it afterwards; (86) and if it be
a female, thou shalt sprinkle in front of it before-
hand, and behind it afterwards; [oz this occasion
half is for the front and half for behind, and it is
rubbed in in front.] 87. Then the fiend of corrup-
tion rushes upon his right thigh.
88. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his right thigh.
89. Then the fiend of corruption rushes upon his
left thigh.
90. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his left thigh, [from
the prominence (géhAk) below the thigh to the
knee.]| 91. Then the fiend of corruption rushes
upon his right knee.
92. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his right knee. 93.
Then the fiend of corruption rushes upon his left
knee.
* Reading srinak, as in Pahl. Vend. VIII, 178-182; but kere the word is four times written sinak.
” Or, perhaps, ‘prominence’ is meant, as in § 90; although the two words giyak and géhak are written differently, they refer probably to the same part.
Iv. the Bareshnum Ceremony. 441
94. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his left knee, [above
just as it is turned, axzd below the slender art ;
there are some who would say thus: “As much
above it as below.”] 95. Then the fiend of corrup-
tion rushes upon his right shin.
96. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his right shin. 97.
Then the fiend of corruption rushes upon his left
shin.
98. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his left shin, [from
the knee unto the place where the leg and foot
unite.| 99. Then the fiend of corruption rushes
upon his right ankle}.
100. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his right ankle.
101. Then the fiend of corruption rushes upon his
left ankle.
102. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his left ankle, [just
as the leg and foot unite, that is, while the ten toes
are back to the ground.] 103. Then the fiend of
corruption rushes upon his right instep.
104. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his right instep.
105. Then the fiend of corruption rushes upon his
left instep.
106. ‘ Thou shalt sprinkle on his left instep, [from
the place where the leg and foot unite, to the end of
his toes.] 107. Then the fiend of corruption turns
dejected under the sole of the foot, and its likeness 1s
as z/ were the wing of a fly’s body.
108. ‘The toes deimg held quite in union with
the ground, his heel is held up from the ground.
109. Thou shalt sprinkle on his right sole. 110.
Then the fiend of corruption rushes upon his
left sole.
1 The word zang means rather ‘the lower part of the leg.’
442 APPENDIX.
111. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his left sole. 112.
Then the fiend of corruption turns dejected under
the toes, azd its likeness is as 2¢ were the wing of
a fly.
113. ‘ The heel deczg held quite in union with the
ground, his toes are held up from the ground. 114.
Thou shalt sprinkle on his right toes. 115. Then
the fiend of corruption rushes upon his left toes.
116. ‘Thou shalt sprinkle on his left toes. 117.
Then the fiend of corruption returns dejected to
the northern quarter in the shape of a raging fly,
bandy-legged, lean-hipped, illimitably spotted, so that
spot is joined to spot, like the most tawdry? noxious
creature, azd most filthy.
118. ‘Then these words are to be murmured, which are most triumphant azd most healing? :—
‘“ As is the will of the patron spirit [as is the will
of Atharymazd], so should be the earthly master [so
should be the high priest], owing to whatever are
the duty aud good works of righteousness ; [that is,
he is always to perform duty and good works as
authoritatively as the will of Athaymazd.] That
which is the gift of good thought is the work of
both existences [and the work] of Athaymazd; [that
is, the reward aud recompense they give to good
thought, they give also to him; there are some who
would say thus: ‘It is the possession of good thought. ]
* Reading bég-Akintfim, ‘most stuffed with ostentation,’ as in
L4. In AV. XVII, r2 the word can be read bagak-dyintam,
‘most sin-accustomed.’
* Only the initial and final words of the Avesta of the following passages are given in the MSS. here, but they are given at length, with their Pahlavi translation, in Vend. VIII, 49-62, whence the Pahlavi version is here taken.
Iv. the Bareshnum Ceremony. 443
The sovereignty is given to Atthaymazd, [that is,
Atthaymazd has made the ruler for himself,] who
has given protection azd nourishment to the poor,
[that is, he would provide assistance avd intercession
for them. ]!
‘“Who is given to me by thee, O Attharmazd! as
a protection? [when? I shall do duty axd good works,
who would provide me protection ?}—when I am in
custody of the malice of that wicked [Aharman, that
is, he retains malice with me in 4zs thoughts |—other
than thy fire axd good thought ? [this I know, that
they would do so on account of you; but, apart from
you, who would provide me protection ?] When in
their employ I invoke righteousness, O Attharmazd !
(that is, I shall do duty azd good works, who would
provide me protection?] That which thou shalt
proclaim to me as religion through a high-priest
[this I say, that is, preach religion through a high-
priest]’.
‘“ Who is the smiter with triumph, through this
thy teaching of protection? [that is, so far as is
declared by the revelation of scripture, who should
inflict the punishment for sinners ?] With clearness
the superintendence (radth) of the creation in both
existences is to be taught to me, [that is, it is neces-
sary for thee to give unto me the high-priesthood
here and there*.] The arrival of virtuous obedience
(Srésh), with good thought (Vohfiman), is here,
* This paragraph is the Pahlavi version of the Ahunavar, or Yath4-ahfi-vairy6 formula (see p. 385).
* Reading amat, instead of mfin, ‘ who,’ (see Dd. LXII, 4 n.)
* This paragraph is the Pahlavi version of the Kem-na-mazda stanza of the Gathas (Yas. XLV, 7).
* Both in this world and the next.
444 APPENDIX.
[that is, it is necessary for thee to give Vistasp?
unto me as assistance.] O Afthavmazd! [the arrival
of] that one [is according to my wish], who is he
according to the wish of every one, [¢Zat Sdéshans?
that shall be necessary for every one, so that they
may thereby convey away their misery, the misery z¢
is possible he should convey away from every one. ]®
‘“ Tet us be guarded from the most afflicting one
[here, azd apart from the sinners], O Aftharvmazd
and Spendaymad *! [that is, keep us away from the
harm of the evil spirit!] Perish, thou demon fiend!
[as I speak in front of ¢hee.| Perish, thou race of
the demons! [that is, their race is from that place.]®
Perish, thou wor transformed by the demons [for
uselessness|! Perish, thou woré produced by the
demons [heretofore and hereafter! this produced
without the sacred beings, and produced by them
(the demons) even for uselessness]. Perish utterly,
thou fiend! [that is, mayst thou become invisible !]
Perish utterly, thou fiend! [that is, rush away from
here, and mayst thou become invisible on any path! ]
Perish utterly and apart, thou fiend! [that is, stand
not again on any path!| Thou shalt perish again
to the north! [the path was mentioned thus: ‘Go
az the direction of the north!’] do not destroy the
material world of righteousness®!”
* The king in the time of Zaratfist (see Dd. XXXVII, 36).
* The last of the future apostles (see Dd. II, ro).
* This paragraph is the Pahlavi version of a passage in the Gathas (Yas. XLIII, 16, b-e).
* See p. 393, note 2.
° From hell, the place of the demons.
° It appears from what follows, in § 120, that the whole of the sprinklings and exorcisms, detailed in §§ 33-118, are to be repeated at each of the first six holes. 7
Iv. the Bareshnum Ceremony, 445
119. ‘At the first hole the man becomes freer
from the fend of corruption, [that is, it shall depart
a little from his body, like a flock when they dis-
perse it.]
120. ‘Then these words are to be murmured by thee,
Cre. [as 7x §) 33-118. Ad] the second [hole, &c., as in
119. And the same routine ts to be followed at] the
third, fourth, fifth, and sixth {holes}}.
‘Afterwards he shall sit—he who as deen by the
dead—within the precinct (sitva) of the holes? apart
from those holes [which are for bull’s urine}. 121. So.
much from that [of the previous oves for bull's urine]
as four finger-dvead/hs*, 122. They shall also dig up
those full diggings up of this earth, [they should
accomplish this well.] 123. They shall scrape toge-
ther fifteen handfuls of the earth, [so that they shall
quite dislodge the damp purely.]* 124. And they
shall remain about it the whole perzod from that “me
until ¢he ¢2me when the hair on his head shall become
dry, (125) and until ¢he time when the wet earth on
his body shall become dry.
126. ‘Then he who has deen by the dead shall
come to that approach to those other holes [which
are for water]. 127. At the first hole he shall then
purify over his own body once with water. 128. At
the second hole he shall then purify over his own
