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1xii CONTENTS. PAGB CANTO XIX. Dante describes the third valley, in which Simonists are punished by \mng buried head downwards in round apertures of the rock, their legs from the knees downwards being alone visiblci which they kick convulsively, while the soles of the feet burn with a lambent flame. Virgil bears Dante down the impassable bank into the bottom of the valley, where he converses with the soul of Pope Nicholas the Third, and bitterly rebukes him for his Simony and prostitution of his high office . . 70 CANTO XX. In the fourth ward of Malebolge Dante sees the doomed passing in slow procession. On closer inspection he finds that their h^ads are turned the face behind, and that they have consequently to walk backwards. These are necromancers who deceived themselves or others by attempting to look into the future. Amongst them is Manto, the sight of whom leads Yirgil into a digression on the origin of his native city . 74 CANTO XXI. The i>oet8 i>as8 into the fifth ward, and, looking down from the bridge, Dante discovers it to be a lake of boiling pitch. While gazing into its depths a demon alights on the bridge, bearing a sinner on his back, whom he throws into the lake. As the wretch rises to the sur&ce a crowd of demons, hitherto concealed under the bridge, attack him with their hooks and force him to dive into the boiling pitch. Virgil issues forth to obtain a safe passage for Dante, and being told that the bridge over the sixth valley is in ruins they follow a band of demons, whom their chief has directed to guide the poets to another bridge over the next ward .... ' , » . 7^ CANTO xxn. The poets following the ten demons, they come suddenly ui)on a sinner, who before he can escape into the lake is speared by one of the fiends. With the permission of the leader, Virgil questions the sinner as to himself and his companions. The trickster then induces the demons to stand aside, under pretence that he will lure more of his comrades into their clutches, and takes the opportunity of plunging into the burning pitch ; two of the demons chasing him are caught in the slimy lake, and while the rest are extricating them the poets continue their way 81 CANTO XXIII. Dante expresses to Virgil his fear that they will be pursued by the revengeful demons, and as his alarm is fulfilled Virgil lifts him in his arms and carries him down the cliff into the next valley of Malebolge. There they find hypocrites punished by being clothed in long cloaks and weighty cowls of lead. Amongst these Dante converses with two Rejoicing Friars, who, under the cloak of impartiality, had inflicted grievous wrong on the Ghibeline party in Florence .... 85 CANTO XXIV. Dante, with great difficulty, under Virgil's guidance climbs the broken bridge to the ridge that looks down into the seventh valley. Descending into it, he finds robbers punished there, surrounded by qiultitudes of pestiferous serpents. Amongst them the soul of Gianni Fucci, who had robbed the sacristy in Pistoia, predicts to him the evils that will shortly ensue to his own city and the Florentines .... 89
2CONTENTS. xiii PAOB CANTO XXV. While Fucoi vents his rage in blasphemy he is attacked by the serpentSi and flees away, porsaed by Cacus in the shape of a oentanr, whose oronp is covered with adders, while a fiery drasron is seated on his orest. A party .of Florentines then advanoe under the bank where the poets are standing, and four of them go throagh the most extraordinary transformations • 98 CANTO XXVI. Dante ironically compliments Florence on its renown in the Infernal Begions, and prophesies its approaching misfortunes. He passes with Virgil into the eighth pit, over which he sees hovering flames, Kke will-o*- the- wisps. These he finds to be the souls of fraudulent counsellors. Virgil converses with a flame with two horns, in which are the spirits of Ulysses and Diomed, and the former relates the final voyage which he and his old companions ventured into Uie unknown regions of the West, beyond the gates of Hercules .... 97 CANTO XXVII. The flame which contained Uljrsses and Diomed having departed, another oomes near the poets and addresses them finally in Tuscan. On being questioned by Dante he states that he was Count Guido da Montefeltro, and relates why he was condemned to such a punishment 101 CANTO XXVIII. The poets reach the ninth valley, in which the promoters of schisms are punished, being hewed by a fiend with a sword in frightful wounds. Amongst these Dante converses with Makomet, Pier da Medicina, Kosoa de' Uberti, and Bertram dal Bomio 104 CANTO XXIX. Dante still lingers, gazing on the maimed spirits in the ninth valley, in anticipation of seeing there a relation who had been murdered, and whose death his family had not avenged. He then follows Virgil over ibe ridge which crowns the last ward of Malebolge, in which are punished falsifiers of various descriptions. Descen^ng into the valley, he finds them afflicted with fearful diseases, and discourses with two alchemists, Grif olino of Arezzo and Capocchio of Siena . 109 CANTO XXX. Two wild spirits rush by, tearing and haling the other plague-smitten victims. These are they who in life falsified their own persons. On their departure Dante listens to an altercation between Master Adam of Brescia, a coiner, and Simon of Troy. He is rebuked by Virgil for taking an interest in so base a dispute 112 CANTO XXXI. The poets, turning from the last valley of Malebolge, advance towards the ninth circle of Hell, the lowest and central pit. Around that pit, standing within it, but rising above it from their middle upwards, stand vast giants. Of these Dante sees Nimrod, Fialte, and Antssus. The last places the poets in safety at the bottom of the pit . 116
3CANTO XXXII. Dante finds himself in the bottomless pit, in which is the frozen lake of Cocitns. In the onter circle are frozen the first class of traitors, their heads alone being raised above the ice. The circle is called Caina, after the first mnrderer. Camiccione de' Pazzi names to Dante several of those punished in this circle. The poets then advance to the second circle, called Antenora, after Antenor, the betrayer of Troy, where are punished in like manner traitors to their country. Bocca degli Abbati names to Dante several of his companions in suffering. Finally Dante sees two forms frozen, the head of one overlapping the other, and devouring the lower skull with fierce hatred 120 CANTO XXXIII. Count XJgolin relates to Dante the fearful end of himself and his sons, left to die of hunger in the Tower of Famine. The poets then pass onwards to the third division of the last circle, called Idomea, in which are punished those who have betrayed their benefactors. The friar Alberigo explains to Dante that when men have committed the height of perfidy their spirits are at once sent to torment, a fiend takmg possession of the body which appears to be still alive on earth 124 CANTO XXXIV. The poets advance into the fourth quarter of the last circle, called Judeoca ; there the damned are wholly submerged beneath the frozen lake of Cocitus. Advancing towards the icy blast that meets them, Yirgil shows Dante the gigantic form of Lucifer piercing through the lake. Yirgil then takes up Dante, and descends along the body of the fallen archangel into the centra of the earth. From thence he ascends on the other side, and, after a weary climb through a deep cavern, the i>oets at length issue on the Antipodes .... 12S PUEGATOET. CANTO I. Dante describes the calm delight he experienced at issuing to the tender light of early morning from the black night of Hell. The poets meet the shade of Cato of Utica, the api)ointed guaMian of the monntahi of Puraatory. On his direction uiey proceed to the seashore, and there Yirgil washes from Dante's face with dew the stains of Hell, and girds him with the reeds that grow there 13S CANTO II. A light rises on the distant ocean, which, advancing with marvellous speed, is seen to be the bark in which the spirits are brought to Purgatory by an angel. When the troop land upon the shore, Dante vainly endeavours to embrace one of the spirits, whom he recognises for his friend Casella. The latter, to please Dante, sings one of his oanzoni, to which while all are rapt in attention Cato rebukes them for dallying on their way, and all hurry towards the mountain . 137 CANTO III. As the poets advance towards the hiU, Dante is alarmed at seeing only his own shadow cast by the sun behind them, and thinks that Yirgil has deserted him. Cleared from his error they reach the foot of the mountain, and while in perplexity as to their ascent, meet a troop of spirits, who show them the way. Amongst them Manfred, King of Naples, urges Dante to tell his daughter of his fate, as by her prayers she can shorten the time of his wanderings in the Ante- Purgatory 140
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
1xii CONTENTS. PAGB CANTO XIX. Dante describes the third valley, in which Simonists are punished by \mng buried head downwards in round apertures of the rock, their legs from the knees downwards being alone visiblci which they kick convulsively, while the soles of the feet burn with a lambent flame. Virgil bears Dante down the impassable bank into the bottom of the valley, where he converses with the soul of Pope Nicholas the Third, and bitterly rebukes him for his Simony and prostitution of his high office . . 70 CANTO XX. In the fourth ward of Malebolge Dante sees the doomed passing in slow procession. On closer inspection he finds that their h^ads are turned the face behind, and that they have consequently to walk backwards. These are necromancers who deceived themselves or others by attempting to look into the future. Amongst them is Manto, the sight of whom leads Yirgil into a digression on the origin of his native city . 74 CANTO XXI. The i>oet8 i>as8 into the fifth ward, and, looking down from the bridge, Dante discovers it to be a lake of boiling pitch. While gazing into its depths a demon alights on the bridge, bearing a sinner on his back, whom he throws into the lake. As the wretch rises to the sur&ce a crowd of demons, hitherto concealed under the bridge, attack him with their hooks and force him to dive into the boiling pitch. Virgil issues forth to obtain a safe passage for Dante, and being told that the bridge over the sixth valley is in ruins they follow a band of demons, whom their chief has directed to guide the poets to another bridge over the next ward .... ' , » . 7^ CANTO xxn. The poets following the ten demons, they come suddenly ui)on a sinner, who before he can escape into the lake is speared by one of the fiends. With the permission of the leader, Virgil questions the sinner as to himself and his companions. The trickster then induces the demons to stand aside, under pretence that he will lure more of his comrades into their clutches, and takes the opportunity of plunging into the burning pitch ; two of the demons chasing him are caught in the slimy lake, and while the rest are extricating them the poets continue their way 81 CANTO XXIII. Dante expresses to Virgil his fear that they will be pursued by the revengeful demons, and as his alarm is fulfilled Virgil lifts him in his arms and carries him down the cliff into the next valley of Malebolge. There they find hypocrites punished by being clothed in long cloaks and weighty cowls of lead. Amongst these Dante converses with two Rejoicing Friars, who, under the cloak of impartiality, had inflicted grievous wrong on the Ghibeline party in Florence .... 85 CANTO XXIV. Dante, with great difficulty, under Virgil's guidance climbs the broken bridge to the ridge that looks down into the seventh valley. Descending into it, he finds robbers punished there, surrounded by qiultitudes of pestiferous serpents. Amongst them the soul of Gianni Fucci, who had robbed the sacristy in Pistoia, predicts to him the evils that will shortly ensue to his own city and the Florentines .... 89
2CONTENTS. xiii PAOB CANTO XXV. While Fucoi vents his rage in blasphemy he is attacked by the serpentSi and flees away, porsaed by Cacus in the shape of a oentanr, whose oronp is covered with adders, while a fiery drasron is seated on his orest. A party .of Florentines then advanoe under the bank where the poets are standing, and four of them go throagh the most extraordinary transformations • 98 CANTO XXVI. Dante ironically compliments Florence on its renown in the Infernal Begions, and prophesies its approaching misfortunes. He passes with Virgil into the eighth pit, over which he sees hovering flames, Kke will-o*- the- wisps. These he finds to be the souls of fraudulent counsellors. Virgil converses with a flame with two horns, in which are the spirits of Ulysses and Diomed, and the former relates the final voyage which he and his old companions ventured into Uie unknown regions of the West, beyond the gates of Hercules .... 97 CANTO XXVII. The flame which contained Uljrsses and Diomed having departed, another oomes near the poets and addresses them finally in Tuscan. On being questioned by Dante he states that he was Count Guido da Montefeltro, and relates why he was condemned to such a punishment 101 CANTO XXVIII. The poets reach the ninth valley, in which the promoters of schisms are punished, being hewed by a fiend with a sword in frightful wounds. Amongst these Dante converses with Makomet, Pier da Medicina, Kosoa de' Uberti, and Bertram dal Bomio 104 CANTO XXIX. Dante still lingers, gazing on the maimed spirits in the ninth valley, in anticipation of seeing there a relation who had been murdered, and whose death his family had not avenged. He then follows Virgil over ibe ridge which crowns the last ward of Malebolge, in which are punished falsifiers of various descriptions. Descen^ng into the valley, he finds them afflicted with fearful diseases, and discourses with two alchemists, Grif olino of Arezzo and Capocchio of Siena . 109 CANTO XXX. Two wild spirits rush by, tearing and haling the other plague-smitten victims. These are they who in life falsified their own persons. On their departure Dante listens to an altercation between Master Adam of Brescia, a coiner, and Simon of Troy. He is rebuked by Virgil for taking an interest in so base a dispute 112 CANTO XXXI. The poets, turning from the last valley of Malebolge, advance towards the ninth circle of Hell, the lowest and central pit. Around that pit, standing within it, but rising above it from their middle upwards, stand vast giants. Of these Dante sees Nimrod, Fialte, and Antssus. The last places the poets in safety at the bottom of the pit . 116
3CANTO XXXII. Dante finds himself in the bottomless pit, in which is the frozen lake of Cocitns. In the onter circle are frozen the first class of traitors, their heads alone being raised above the ice. The circle is called Caina, after the first mnrderer. Camiccione de' Pazzi names to Dante several of those punished in this circle. The poets then advance to the second circle, called Antenora, after Antenor, the betrayer of Troy, where are punished in like manner traitors to their country. Bocca degli Abbati names to Dante several of his companions in suffering. Finally Dante sees two forms frozen, the head of one overlapping the other, and devouring the lower skull with fierce hatred 120 CANTO XXXIII. Count XJgolin relates to Dante the fearful end of himself and his sons, left to die of hunger in the Tower of Famine. The poets then pass onwards to the third division of the last circle, called Idomea, in which are punished those who have betrayed their benefactors. The friar Alberigo explains to Dante that when men have committed the height of perfidy their spirits are at once sent to torment, a fiend takmg possession of the body which appears to be still alive on earth 124 CANTO XXXIV. The poets advance into the fourth quarter of the last circle, called Judeoca ; there the damned are wholly submerged beneath the frozen lake of Cocitus. Advancing towards the icy blast that meets them, Yirgil shows Dante the gigantic form of Lucifer piercing through the lake. Yirgil then takes up Dante, and descends along the body of the fallen archangel into the centra of the earth. From thence he ascends on the other side, and, after a weary climb through a deep cavern, the i>oets at length issue on the Antipodes .... 12S PUEGATOET. CANTO I. Dante describes the calm delight he experienced at issuing to the tender light of early morning from the black night of Hell. The poets meet the shade of Cato of Utica, the api)ointed guaMian of the monntahi of Puraatory. On his direction uiey proceed to the seashore, and there Yirgil washes from Dante's face with dew the stains of Hell, and girds him with the reeds that grow there 13S CANTO II. A light rises on the distant ocean, which, advancing with marvellous speed, is seen to be the bark in which the spirits are brought to Purgatory by an angel. When the troop land upon the shore, Dante vainly endeavours to embrace one of the spirits, whom he recognises for his friend Casella. The latter, to please Dante, sings one of his oanzoni, to which while all are rapt in attention Cato rebukes them for dallying on their way, and all hurry towards the mountain . 137 CANTO III. As the poets advance towards the hiU, Dante is alarmed at seeing only his own shadow cast by the sun behind them, and thinks that Yirgil has deserted him. Cleared from his error they reach the foot of the mountain, and while in perplexity as to their ascent, meet a troop of spirits, who show them the way. Amongst them Manfred, King of Naples, urges Dante to tell his daughter of his fate, as by her prayers she can shorten the time of his wanderings in the Ante- Purgatory 140
The source text as printed, transcribed diplomatically. Where the source language uses a non-Latin script that reaches us only through a Victorian romanisation, this layer is labelled transliteration, because that is what we hold.
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