The Sushruta Samhita — trans. Bhishagratna

[Chap. XXXIX.

articles of sweet and bitter tastes. Dry (Ruksha) and demulcent food should be enjoined in succession in the course of a meal. The meals of a healthy person should then be prescribed. 12.

Light diet should be given for a week after the internal use of a Sneha and after the exhibition of emetics. A patient should observe a proper regimen of recoupment of his health, after having been subjected to a course of blood letting or treated with a course of S'odhana remedy (purgative). Intervals of three days should be allowed between two successive applications of a Vasti and the period of the third interval thus allowed, should be determined according to the requirements of each case.* 13.

A patient suffering from an ulcer (Vrana) or recently treated with emulsive measures (Sneha-karma) or cleansing (emetics or purgatives) measures, or afflicted with any affection of the eyes or with fever attended with dysentery (Jvaratisara) resembles a vessel of unbaked clay fitted with oil, i.e.^ such a patient is greatly liable to the derangement of the Doshas. 14.

An irascible mood or fit of anger (in such a person) agitates his Pitta and produces Pitta origined distempers jf physical labour and grief cause a distracted state of the mind ; and gratification of sexual desires (in such a state) brings on such dangerous diseases as convulsions, epileptic fits, paralysis, aching pain in the limbs, swelling about the anus, cough, hiccup and t The Pitta-origined distempers are thirst, burning sensation, etc.

* Some commentators explain this verse to mean that the patient should observe the rules of diet and conduct (prescribed hereafter) for a period of three days after each application of a Vasti, but after the third application the rules of diet and conduct should be determined according to requirements.

Chap. XXXIX.J CHIKITSA STHANAM. 6$!

emission of blood-streaked semen and haemorrhage from the vagina. 15- A.

Day-sleep under the circumstances, gives rise to the affections of the deranged Kapha, viz., enlargement of the spleen (Plihodara), catarrh, jaundice, edema, fever, loss of consciousness, a sense of physical langour, indigestion, an aversion to food, and causes the patient to become overwhelmed with the quality of Tamas which produces in him a desire for sleep. 15-B.

15-B.

Talking in a loud voice aggravates the Vdyu and is attended with such grave consequences as pain in the head, blindness, inertness, loss of the faculty of smell, dumbness, deafness, dislocation of the jaw-bones (Hanumoksha), Adhi-mantha, facial paralysis, paralysis of the eye-balls (Netra-stambha), thirst, cough, insomnia, shaking of the teeth and similar other distempers (due to an aggravation of the Vdyu). 15C.

Riding (on horse-back, etc.) under the circumstances may cause vomitings, swoons, vertigo, a sense of fatigue, stiffness of limbs, and the serious functional derangements of the sense organs. A long continuance in a sitting posture or bathing may give rise to pain in the region of the pelvis ; while, on the contrary, excessive walking under the circumstances aggravates the Vayu and is attended with pain in the knee-joints, atrophy of the thighs, edematous swellings of the localities, or the form of disease known as Pdda-harsha (sensitiveness in the feet). 1 5-D.

The use of cold water and other cold things* (such as paste of Sandal, etc.) under the circumstances tends to aggravate the bodily Vayu and brings on an aching

* In place of "^cIWt<l<ll<<i'Tt" Gayadasa reads] "^cn^^T^t^TTTf' which means the use of cold food an^ drink. This jreading seems to ^e |jetter.— ^^.

652 THE SUSHRUTA SAMHITA. [Chap. XXXIX.

pain in the limbs, Sula (gastralgia), stuffedness of the injested food in the stomach (Vishtambha) and inflation of the abdomen (Adhmana) and shivering. An undue exposure to the sun and wind produces fever and discoloration of the complexion. The use of anyunwholesome and incompatible diet as well as food taken before the complete digestion of the previous meal tends to produce serious distempers and may ultimately result in death. The use of incongenial fare undoubtedly leads to the deterioration of the strength and complexion of the body. A man of irregular and " intemperate habits, who eats voraciously like an animal, suffers from indigestion which is the cause (source) of a number of physical distempers. 15.

In all these instances the real cause of the distress should be first ascertained, which should be then remedied with proper antidotal measures and remedies. 16.

Articles of Diet:— A diet consisting of cooked Shashti grain (Tandula) or matured S'dli rice, Mudga pulse as well as (the soup of the flesh of; an Ena, Ldva, hare, peacock, Tittiri, or deer, and such other light food should be given to a patient after the exhibition of emetics and purgatives. 17.

17.

Thus' ends the Thirty-ninth Chapter of the Chikitsita Sthanam in the Sus'ruta Samhitd which deals with the treatment of distressing symptoms which are manifested in a patient.

CHAPTER XL.

Now we shall discourse on the treatment which consists in employing the (inhalation of) medicated fumes, snuffs, (errhines) and gargles (DhUITia-

Nasya-Kavala-Graha-Chikitsita). i.

Dhuma (fumes) may be divided into five groups* viz., Prayogika (capable of being daily used), Snehana (soothing), Vairechana (expectorant),*}* Kasaghna (anti-cough) and Vamaniya (emetic). 2.

Materials of different Dhuma-varti :

— The drugs of the Elddi group, excepting Kushtha and TagarUy should be pasted together. A space of eight fingers out of the entire length of a stem of S'ara weed twelve fingers long should be covered- with a piece of silk cloth and plastered with the coat of the preceding paste. This stick should be burnt and used in the Prs^yogika Dhuma pdna. The pith (pulp) of oleaginous fruits, wax and resin, Guggulu, etc., with the admixture of a Sneha (oil or clarified butter; should be used in the Snehana-Dhuma. The drugs included into Siro- Virechana group should be used in Vairechana Dhuma. Vrihati, Kanta-kdrikct, Trikatu, Kasa-marda, Hingu, lngudi'bark,\ Manah-s'ild, Guduchi, and Karkata-s* ringi and such other drugs which allay cough should be used in the Katsaghna-Dhuma. Nerves, skin, horns, hoops, shells of a crab, dried fish, dry meat or worms, etc., and t The term Vairechana here means S'iro-Virechana by means of fumes.

* Charaka, however, divides Dhuma into three classes only—t^zz,, Prayogika, Snaihika and Vairechanaka, and includes the Kasa-hara into the Prayogika, and Vdmaniya into the Vairechana Dhuma.

% Some commentators mean to explain "f^^t^^" as Ingudi and cardamom instead of as Ingudi-bark. This seems to be bettef,p. 654 such other emetic drugs should be used in the Vimaniya-Dhuma. 3.

Formation of the pipe used in