2l8 MAHAVAGGA. I, 63, 2/
I could obtain pabba^a with the Sakyaputtiya
Samaras, I should be released from being a ser-
pent and quickly obtain human nature/
2. Then that serpent, in the shape of a youth,
went to the Bhikkhus, and asked them for the
pabba^a ordination; the Bhikkhus conferred on
him the pabba^a and upasampadci ordinations.
At that time that serpent dwelt together with
a certain Bhikkhu in the last Vihara (near the boun-
dary wall of the £etavana). Now that Bhikkhu,
having arisen in the night, at dawn, was walking
up and down in the open air. When that Bhikkhu
had left (the Vihara), that serpent, who thought
himself safe (from discovery), fell asleep (in his
natural shape). The whole Vihara was filled with
the snake's body; his windings jutted out of the
window.
3. Then that Bhikkhu thought: ' I will go back
to the Vihara/ opened the door, and saw the whole
Vihara filled with the snake's body, the windings
jutting out of the window. Seeing that he was
terrified and cried out. The Bhikkhus ran up, and
said to that Bhikkhu : ' Why did you cry out,
friend ?' ' This whole Vihara, friends, is filled with a
snake's body ; the windings jut out of the window/
Then that serpent awoke from that noise and sat
down on his seat. The Bhikkhus said to him :
* Who are you, friend ?' ' I am a serpent, reverend
Sirs/ ' And why have you done such a thing,
friend ?' Then that Naga told the whole matter
to the Bhikkhus ; the Bhikkhus told it to the
Blessed One.
4. In consequence of that and on this occasion the Blessed One, having ordered the fraternity of
I, 64, 1. ADMISSION TO THE ORDER OF BHIKKHUS. 219
Bhikkhus to assemble, said to that serpent : l You
serpents are not capable of (spiritual) growth in
this doctrine and discipline. However, serpent, go
and observe fast on the fourteenth, fifteenth, and
eighth day of each half month ; thus will you be
released from being a serpent and quickly obtain
human nature/
Then that serpent, who thought, ' I am not
capable of (spiritual) growth in this doctrine and
discipline/ became sad and sorrowful, shed tears,
made an outcry, and went away.
5. Then the Blessed One said to the Bhikkhus :
' There are two occasions, O Bhikkhus, on which
a serpent (who has assumed human shape) manifests
his true nature : when he has sexual intercourse with
a female of his species, and if he thinks himself
safe (from discovery) and falls asleep. These, O
Bhikkhus, are the two occasions on which a serpent
manifests his true nature.
' Let an animal, O Bhikkhus, that has not received
the upasampadd ordination, not receive it; if it
has received it, let it be expelled (from the fra-
ternity)/
1. At that time a certain young man deprived his
mother of life. He was grieved, ashamed, and
loathed this sinful deed. Now this young man
thought : ' What am I to do to get rid of my sinful
deed?' Then this young man gave himself this
answer : ' These Sakyaputtiya Samaras lead indeed
a virtuous, tranquil, holy life, &c. If I could obtain
2 20 MAHAVAGGA. I, 64, 2.
pabba^a with the Sakyaputtiya Samaras, I might get rid of my sinful deed/
2. Then that young man went to the Bhikkhus
and asked them for the pabba^S, ordination. The
Bhikkhus said to the venerable Upali : ' Formerly,
friend Upali, a serpent in the shape of a youth
received the pabba^a ordination with the Bhik-
khus ; pray, friend Upali, examine this young man/
Then that young man, when examined by the
venerable Upali, told him the whole matter. The
venerable Upali told it to the Bhikkhus; the
Bhikkhus told it to the Blessed One.
' Let a person, O Bhikkhus, that is guilty of matri-
cide, if he has not received the upasampada ordi-
nation, not receive it ; if he has received it, let him
be expelled (from the fraternity)/
At that time a certain young man deprived his father of life (&c, as in chap. 64).
' Let a person, O Bhikkhus, that is guilty of par- ricide, &c/
1 . At that time a number of Bhikkhus were travel-
ling on the road from Saketa to Savatthi. On the
road robbers broke forth, robbed some of the Bhik-
khus, and killed some of them. Then royal soldiers
came from Savatthi and caught some of the robbers ;
others of them escaped. Those who had escaped,
received pabba^a with the Bhikkhus; those who
had been caught, were led to death.
I, 67. Admission to the Order of Bhikkhus. 221
2. Then those who had been ordained, saw those
robbers who were being led to death ; seeing them
they said : * It is well that we have escaped ; had we
been caught, we should also be killed thus/ The
Bhikkhus said to them : ' Why, what have you
done, friends?' Then those (robbers) who had
been ordained, told the whole matter to the Bhik-
khus. The Bhikkhus told this thing to the Blessed
One.
' Those Bhikkhus, O Bhikkhus, were Arahats.
Let a person, O Bhikkhus, that has murdered an
Arahat, if this person has not received the upa-
sampada ordination, not receive it; if he has re-
ceived it, let him be expelled (from the fraternity)/
At that time a number of Bhikkhunis were tra-
velling on the road from Saketa to Savatthi. On
the road robbers broke forth, robbed some of the
Bhikkhunts, and violated some of them. Then royal
soldiers (&c, as in chap. 66).
The Bhikkhus told this thing to the Blessed One.
' Let a person, O Bhikkhus, that has violated a
Bhikkhunf (or, that has had sexual intercourse with
a Bhikkhunl), (&c, as in chap. 66).
' Let a person, O Bhikkhus, that has caused a schism among the Sa^gha, &c.
' Let a person, O Bhikkhus, that has shed (a Buddha's) blood/ &c.
2 22 MAHAVAGGA. I, 68.
At that time a certain hermaphrodite had received
pabba^a with the Bhikkhus; so karoti pi k&ra-
peti pi.
They told this thing to the Blessed One.
' Let a hermaphrodite, O Bhikkhus/ &c.
i. At that time the Bhikkhus conferred the
upasampada ordination on a person that had no
upa^Mya.
They told this thing to the Blessed One.
' Let no one, O Bhikkhus, who has no upa^Mya,
receive the upasampada ordination. He who con-
fers the upasampada ordination (on such a person),
commits a dukka/a offence/
2. At that time the Bhikkhus conferred the upa-
sampada ordination with the Sawgha as upa^-
^Mya.
They told this thing to the Blessed One.
' Let no one receive the upasampada ordination
with the Sa^gha as upa^Mya. He who confers
the upasampada ordination (in such a way), com-
mits a dukka/a offence/
3. At that time the Bhikkhus conferred the upa-
sampada ordination with a number of Bhikkhus1
as upa^Mya (&c, as before).
4. At that time the Bhikkhus conferred the upa-
1 I. e. not with the whole fraternity residing at that place, but with a part of it.
I, 70, 3. ADMISSION TO THE ORDER OF BHIKKHUS. 223
samp ad 4 ordination with a eunuch as upa^^ciya,
&c. ; with a person that had furtively attached him-
self (to the Sawgha) as upa^Mya; with a person
that was gone over to the Titthiyas as upa^^aya;
with an animal as upa^Mya; with a person that
was guilty of matricide as upa^^aya; with a per-
son that was guilty of parricide as upa^Mya ; with
a person that had murdered an Arahat as upa^-
^Mya; with a person that had violated a Bhikkhunt
as upa^Mya; with a person that had caused a
schism among the Sa/^gha as upa^Mya ; with a
person that had shed (a Buddha's) blood as upa^*-
^aya; with a hermaphrodite as upa^Mya.
They told this thing to the Blessed One.
' Let no one/ &c. (as in the first clause).
1. At that time the Bhikkhus conferred the upa-
sampad& ordination on persons that had no alms-
bowl. They received alms with their hands. People
were annoyed, murmured, and became angry, saying,
' Like the Titthiyas/
They told this thing to the Blessed One.
' Let no one, O Bhikkhus, receive the upasam-
padi ordination without having an alms-bowl. He
who confers the upasampadS, ordination (on a per-
son that has not), commits a dukka/a offence.'
2. At that time the Bhikkhus conferred the u pa-
samp a del ordination on persons that had no robes.
They went out for alms naked. People were an-
noyed (&c, as in § i).
3. At that time the Bhikkhus conferred the up a-
2 24 MAHAVAGGA. I, 70, 4.
samp a da ordination on persons that had neither
alms-bowl nor robes. They went out for alms naked
and (received alms) with their hands. People were
annoyed (&c, as in § i).
4. At that time the Bhikkhus conferred the upa-
sam-pada ordination on persons that had borrowed
alms-bowls. After the ordination (the owners) took
their alms-bowls back ; (the Bhikkhus) received alms
with their hands. People were annoyed (&c
down to) : ' Like the Titthiyas/
They told this thing to the Blessed One.
' Let no one, O Bhikkhus, receive the upasam-
padi ordination who has borrowed the alms-bowl.
He who confers/ &c. (as in the first clause).
5. At that time the Bhikkhus conferred the upa-
sampada ordination on persons that had borrowed
robes. After the ordination (the owners) took their
robes back ; (the Bhikkhus) went out for alms naked.
People were annoyed (&c, as in § i to the end).
6. At that time the Bhikkhus conferred the upa-
sampada ordination on persons that had borrowed
alms-bowls and robes, &c.
Here end the twenty cases in wrhich upasampadi is forbidden.
1. At that time the Bhikkhus conferred the
pabba^^a ordination on a person whose hands
were cut off, on a person whose feet were cut off,
whose hands and feet were cut off, whose ears
were cut off, whose nose was cut off, whose ears and
nose were cut off, whose fingers were cut off, whose
I, 71. Admission to the Order of Bhikkhus. 225
thumbs were cut off, whose tendons (of the feet)
were cut, who had hands like a snake's hood1, who
was a hump-back, or a dwarf, or a person that had
a goitre, that had been branded, that had been
scourged, on a proclaimed robber, on a person that
had elephantiasis, that was afflicted with bad illness,
that gave offence (by any deformity) to those who
saw him, on a one-eyed person, on a person with
a crooked limb, on a lame person, on a person that
was paralysed on one side, on a cripple2, on a person
weak from age, on a blind man, on a dumb man, on
a deaf man, on a blind and dumb man, on a blind
and deaf man, on a deaf and dumb man, on a blind,
deaf and dumb man.
They told this thing to the Blessed One.
1 Let no person, O Bhikkhus, whose hands are cut
off, receive the pabba^a ordination. Let no person
whose feet are cut off, receive the pabba^a ordi-
nation, &c. (each of the above cases being here
repeated). He who confers the pabba^a ordina-
tion (on such persons), is guilty of a dukka/a
offence/
Here end the thirty- two cases in which pabba^a is forbidden.
End of the ninth Bha;^avara.
1 * Whose fingers are grown together, like bats' wings ' (Buddha- ghosa).
2 Buddhaghosa (Berlin MS.) explains '/^inniriyapatha' by 1 pidhasappi/ We ought to read, no doubt, pi/^asappi, which is Sanskrit piMasarpin, a cripple that is moved on in a rolling chair.
226 MAHAVAGGA. I, 72, 1.
i. At that time the iTAabbaggiya Bhikkhus gave a nissaya to shameless Bhikkhus.
They told this thing to the Blessed One.
'Let no one, O Bhikkhus, give a nissaya to
shameless Bhikkhus. He who does, is guilty of a
dukka^a offence/
At that time some Bhikkhus lived in dependence
on shameless Bhikkhus (i.e. they received a nis-
saya from them, they chose them for their upa^-
^ayas or a/£ariyas); ere long they became also
shameless, bad Bhikkhus.
They told this thing to the Blessed One.
* Let no one, O Bhikkhus, live in dependence on
shameless Bhikkhus. He who does, is guilty of
a dukka^a offence/
2. Now the Bhikkhus thought: 'The Blessed
One has prescribed that we shall not give a nissaya
to shameless Bhikkhus, nor live in dependence on
shameless Bhikkhus. Now how are we to discern
modest and shameless persons ?'
They told this thing to the Blessed One.
' I prescribe, O Bhikkhus, that you wait first four
or five days until you have seen how a Bhikkhu
behaves to the other Bhikkhus/
1. At that time a certain Bhikkhu was travelling on
the road in the Kosala country. Now this Bhikkhu
thought : * The Blessed One has prescribed that we
shall not live without a nissaya (of an a/£ariya and