An English Translation of the Sushruta Samhita (Bhishagratna ed.)

* Chakradatta reads "fq^cT ^"Iq ^%t" i" P^^ce of ^'fqtrT ^^^ §^' 1^" which shows that the expressed juice of Puti-Karanja leaves should be taken with mistard oil an! not separately. Ddlana evidently supports this in his commentary. That Chakradatta's reading is the correct one is also evident from the next copulet which says that the expressed juice of Putranjivaka should be taken in the preceding manner. This ''preceding manner" evidently means "with mustard oil", and unless' we accept Chakradatta's reading, the expression would be unmeaning. — Ed.

t It evidently means that the expressed juice of Putranjivaka should be taken with mustard oil — see last note. — Ed.

Chap. XIX.] CHIKITSA STHANAM. 449

(Elephantiasis), Apachi (ScrofuIa\ Gala-ganda Goitre), Grahani (chronic diarrhoea), aversion to food and the affections of all kinds of poison, yield to the iiiteriialuse of this alkaline preparation. An oil cooked with the aforesaid drugs, if used as errhines and anointments, will cure all the foregoing maladies as well as malignant ulcers (Dushta-vrana). 27.

The ashes of the Dravariti^ Trivrit, Danti, Nili,
Syamdy Saptald and S'amkhini should be filtered in the
way of preparing alkalies after dissolving them in cow's
urine. The solution, thus prepared, should be boiled
with a decoction of Triphala. Taken internally it
tends to act in the lower part of the body {ie ,
it moves the bowels). This medicine produces the same
effect as the preceding ones. 28.

Thus ends the nineteenth Chapter of the Chikitsita Sth^nam in the Sus'ruta Samhita which deals with the medical treatment of Vriddhi, Upadams'a and S'lipada.

CHAPTER XX.

Now we shall discourse on the medical treatment of the minor ailments or diseases (Kshudra-rog'al i.

Treatment of Aja-gallika : -Leeches *

should be applied to the affected part in a case of non-
suppurated Aji-gallikai ; it should be subsequently
plastered with the alkalies (Kshara) of oyster-shells,
vSV/^!^)^;// (Svarjika), f and of Yava ; as an alternative,
it should be plastered with the paste compound (Kalka)
of S'ydmi, Langalaki and Pdthd. When suppurated it
should b3 treated in the manner of an ulcer (Vrana). 2

Treatment of Yava-prakhya, etc. :—

Fomentation (Sveda) should be the first remedy to be
resorted to in cases of Antrailaji, Yava-prakhya^,
Panisi, Kachchhapi and Patsha^na-^ardabha (in their
non-suppurated stages). They should then be plastered
with the pastes (Kalka ' of Manahs'ild, Haritdla,
Kushtha and Devaddrii An incision should be made
as soon as suppuration would set in ; and the treatment
shou'.d hi siaiUir t3 thxt of an ulcer. 3-4.

Treatment of Vivrita, etc. : -The

rem3dies mentioned in connection with the treatment
of the Pittaja type of Erysipelas (Visarpa) should
bi employed in casas of Vivritat, Indra-vriddha',
Gardabhi, Jatla-gardabha, Irivelli, Kaksha(, Gandha-
natmni and Visphotaka. Clarified butter cooked with

* Gayadasa explains that a non-suppurated Aja-gallikSb should be first plastered with Yava-kshara, oyster-shells and Saurashtri. Leeches should be next applied to it.

t Chakradatta reads * 'Tif^-^TTT^^WTT &c." in place of **^%gfl- tm-^K &c.", evidently, after the commentary of Gayaddsa

Chap. XX.J CHIKITSA STHANAM. 451

the drugs of the Mad/mm (K^kolyadi) group should
be applied in healing up the ulcers in the suppurated
stages. 5 .

Treatment of Chipya, etc :— in a case

of Chipya, the affected part should be first washed*
with hot water and (the incarcerated pus, etc.)
drained (Visrava) by cutting it away (with a knife).
Then after anointing it with (the oil known as) the
Chakra-taili it should be dusted over with the
powders of Sarja (resin) and duly bandaged. If
this process of treatment fail, the affected part should
be cauterised with fire and an oil cojked with (a
decoction of) the drugs of the Madhura (KdkolyddiJ
group should be applied to heal (the incidental ulcer).
The same course of treatment should also be adopted
in a case of Ku-nakha (bad nail). 6-y.

Treatment of Vidarika :— in a cae of

Vida'rikat, the affected part shou'd be first anointed
(with oleaginous substances) and then fomented. It
should then be rubbed (with the fingers) ; and a piaster
composed of Naga-Vrittika, Varshdbhu and Vilva-
roots, well pasted together, should be applied to it.
Purifying and disinfecting (Sams'odhana) remedies
.should b3 employed as soon as the affected part would
be found to have been changed into the state of an
ulcer (Vrana\ and it should then be healed up with the
application of an oil cooked with the decoction of (the
drugs of the Kashdya (Nyagrodhadi) and Madhura
(Kakolyadi) groups, In the n^n suppurated stage of
Vidarika, the vitiated blood therein should be let out
by means of Prachchhana (scarification), or by applying
leeches. The affected part should then be plastered with

■* Vrinda and Chakradalta prescribe fomentalion (Sveda), and not washing, with hot water and they do not prescribe secretion (Visrava).

452 THE SUSHRUTA SAMHITA. [Chap. XX,

the roots of the Aja-karna and of the Paldsa pasted
together. A case of fully suppurated Vidsirikai should
be lanced and plastered with a paste compound oi Patola^
Pichumarda and sesamum, mixed with clarified butter
and should then be duly band-iged. The incidental ulcer
should then be washed with a decoction (of the barks >
of the Kshiri trees and Khadira, Healing remedies
should be applied after it has been properly purified
(disinfected) 8-9.

Treatment of ^arkar^rvuda, etc. :— A

case of Sarkarairvuda should be treated like that of
an Arvuda (tumour) of the fat-origined type. Cases of
Kachchhu, Vicharchikai and Pa^mai should be treated
in the manner of a Kushtha. A medicinal plaster
composed of Siktha (wax), S'atdhvd and white
mustard seeds, or of Vachd, Ddrn-haridrd and mus-
ta»'d seeds, pasted together, should be applied (to the
seat of the disease). As an alternative, Naktamdla
(Karanja) oil, or Sdra-taila * boiled with (the drugs of)
the Katuka (PippalyAdi) group should be applied for
anointing purposes. lo-ii.

Treatment of Pstda-d^tri :— In a case of

Ps^da-datn, the prescribed vein should be opened, and
the affected part should be treated with fomentations
a'ld unguents, t The affected part should be plastered
with (an ointment composed of) wax, lard, marrow,
powder of Sarja (resin),t clarified butter, Yava-Kshdra
and Galrika, 12.

* By "Sdra-taila" is meant the oil pressed from the Sdra (essential parts) of S'ims'ap^, Aguru, Sarala, Deva-d^ru and such other treef. Some, however, read "Sarala-laila" in place of "Sdra-taila."— Dallana.

t According to Dallana and S'ivadasa, fomentations and unguents should be first applied, and the vein should be next opened.

X Chakradatta also prescribes a similar remedy, but there he does not read "Sarja" ^nd <• Gairika."— Ed.

Chap. XX.] CHIKITSA STHANAM. 453

Treatment of Alasa and Kadara :— in

a case of Alasa, the legs should be sprinkled With Arandla (a kind of Kdnjika) ; and a plaster compused of stsamum, Nimba leaves, sulphate of iron {Kdsisa), Haritdla and Saindhava, or of Haritaki pasted with the decoction of Ldkshd (Ldkshd-rasa) * should be applied to the affected parts. Blood-letting should also be resorted to. As an alternative, mustard oil boiled with the expressed juice o{ Kantakdri should be applied to them or the affected localities should be rubbed or chafed (Piati- sdrana) with a pulverised compound of sulphate of iron (Kdsisa^, Gorochand and Manah-s'ild. In a case of Kadara, the seat of the disease should be scraped off (with the aid of a knife) and cauterised with (the application of) heated oil f 13-14.

Treatment of Indra-lupta :- in a case

of Indra-lupta (baldness or Alopecia), the bald part
or seat should be anointed and fomented, and then
bleeding (by venesection) should be resorted to, after
which a plaster composed of Manah-s'ild, Kdsisd, Tuttha
and Maricha^ or of Kutanfiatd and Deva-ddru pasted
together, should be applied to it. As an alternative, it
should be deeply scraped and constantly kept covered
with a paste of Gu7ijd-SQQds. As an alternative,
Rasaiyana medicines should be administered for its
cure. An oil cooked with Mdlati, Karavira, Chitraka
and Naktamdla is highly efficacious in curing a case of
Alopecia, if used as an unguent. 15.

Treatment of Arumshika : Blood-let-

* Chakrapani reads ''^^grm^rr.^T^q:''' '" P'ace of "^l^j^^VRH iplfq". Sivad^sa explains <»^:^;" as * jyj^T^; "—Ed.

t Chakradatta prescribes caulerisalion with fire as well, in such j» case.-— Ed.

454 THE SUSHRUTA SAMHITA. [Chap. XX.

ting* from the affected patt should be first resorted to in
a case of Arumsliikafc ; and it should then be affused
with the decoction of Nimba Medicinal plasters pre-
pared with the R >sa (liquid) pressed from horse-dung,
mixed with Saindhava, should be applied to it. ^s an
alternative, it should be plastered with the paste com-
pound (Kalka) of Haritdla Haridrd., Nimba and Patola,
or with that of Yasthi-madhu^ Nilotpala, Eranda, and
Mdrkava. l (\

Treatment of Darunaka, etc.:— Anoint-
ment and fomentation of the diseased patches are the (pre-
liminary, remedies in a case of Dairunaka, after which
bleeding should be effected by opening the vein in the
forehead Remedial measures such as, Avapida-Sirovasti
and Abhyanga (anointment) should be employed as
well ; and the affected parts should be washed with the
alkaline solution of burnt Kodi'ava weeds. Measures
for arresting the premature greyness of hair (Palita)
will be described later on (in the Mis'raka Chapter
XXV). Curative plasters and remedies, etc , mentioned
in connection with the treatment of Kushtha should be
employed in cases of Masurikat; or those, laid down
under the treatment of Erysipelas iVisarpa) originated
through the concerted action of the deranged Pitta and
Kapha should as well be u-ed. 17-19.

Treatment of Jatu-mani, etc. :— The

seats of affection should be scraped (with a knife)
and gradually and judiciously cauterised*)* by
applying an alkali or fire in cases of Jatu
mani (congenital moles), Mas'aka and Tila-kailaka

* According to Chakradaila blood-letling should be resorted to in such cases only by means of venesection, or with leeches.

t The cauterisation should be effected with an alkrili, when the disease is superficial and with fire when it is deep-seated,

Chap. XX.] CHIKITSA STHANAM. 45 J

(freckles) An opening of the local veins in the
temporal region, etc., should be effected in cases of
Nyachchha, Vyanga and Nilikai, in accordance with the
prescribed rules. The aff'ected parts should be rubbed
(^with Samudra-phena, etc.) and plastered with the barks
of A'^V/m trees.pasted with milk ; or with Vald, Ati-valdy
Yashtimadhu and Rajani^ pasted together. As an
alternative, plasters composed of Payasyd^ Aguru and
Kdliya pasted together with Gairikay or of a tooth
of a boar pasted with clarified butter and honey, or of
Kapittha and Rdjddana pasted together, may also be
used with benefit 2021.

Trcatmcntof Yuvana-Pidaka, etc:.—

Emetics are specially efficacious in cases of Yuvakna-
pidakaL i pimples) which disfigure the face in youth.
The application of medicinal plasters composed of
Vachd, Lodhra^ Saindhava and (white mustard seeds
or of Kicstumburu, Vachd, Lodhra and Kushtha
pasted together is also recommended. In a case
of Padmini-Kantaka, a decoction of Nimba bark
should be given as an emetic, and the patient should
be made to drink a potion of clarified butter cooked
with a decoction of Nimba and mixed with
honey. A decoction * of Nimba and Aragvadha
should be used for chafing (Utsadana) the diseased
locality. 22-23.

Treatment of Parivartika, etc.:— in a

case of Parivartikai ^retroflexion of the prepuce) the
glans penis should be rubbed with clarified butter and
duly fomented, and Sailvana and such other V^yu-
subduing plasters (Upan^ha) should be applied for three

* Chakrapani prescribes the powders (^j^eff) in place of the decoction (in^) of Nimba and Aragvadha. He also reads *'^^^" in place of '*^(5T^t"> but here they mean the same thing. — Ed.

456 THE SUSHRUTA SAMHITA. [Chap. XX.

or five days. Then having lubricated the part (with Ghrita), the glans penis should be gently pressed and the prepuce should be smoothly drawn over the glans penis^ so as to cover it entirely within its fold. The pre- puce, being so drawn, should be fomented with warm poultices. Vayu-subduing Vastis (Clysters) should be employed and emollient diet should be prescribed (during the course of the treatment;. A case of Ava- patikab should be similarly treated, after a due considera- tion of the nature and intensity of the Doshas involved in the case. 24-25.

Treatment of Niruddha-Prakas'a :—

In a case of Niruddha-Prakas'a (constriction or stricture of the urethra', a tube ^open at both ends) made of iron, wood, or shellac should be lubricated with clarified butter and gently introduced into the urethra. The marrow or lard of a boar, or of a porpoise, or the Chakra-taila, mixed with Vdyu-subduing drugs should be sprinkled over the affected part. Thicker and thicker tubes should be duly introduced into the urethra every third day. The passage should be made to dilate in the aforesaid manner, and emollient food should be given to the patient. As an alternative, an incision should be made (\x\\.o the lower part of the penis), avoiding the sevani (raphe of the perineum'\ and it should be treated as an incidental ulcer Sadyo-vrana\ 26.

Treatment of Sanniruddha-Guda,
etc. ;- Cases of Saimiruddha-Guda (stricture of
the anus), Valmika and Agni-Rohini should be duly
treated with regard to the nature and intensity (of the
Doshas engendering the disease , but without holding out
any definite hope of recovery. The treatment of a case
of Agni-Rohini should be like that of Visarpa (Erysi-
pelas), while the remedial measures, mentioned in connec-