iv kaa'da, 5 adhyaya, 7 brahmaa^a, 4. 4ii
Seventh Brahmajva.
1. Now, there are here thirty-four utterances,
called expiations \ Pra^apati, forsooth, is that sacri-
fice which is performed here, and from which these
creatures have been produced, — and in like manner
are they produced therefrom even to this day.
2. There are eight Vasus, eleven Rudras, twelve
Adityas; and these two. Heaven and Earth, are
the (thirty-second and) thirty-third. And there are
thirty-three gods, and Pra^^pati is the thirty-fourth ;
— thus he makes him (the sacrificer, or Ya^;?a) to be
Pra^apati^ : now that ^ is, for that is immortal, and
what is immortal that is. But what is mortal that
also is Pra^apati ; for Pra^apati is everything : thus
he makes him to be Pra^apati, and hence there are
these thirty-four utterances, called expiations.
3. Now some call these (formulas) the ' forms of
the sacrifice;' but, indeed, they are rather the joints
of the sacrifice : this same sacrifice, in being per-
formed, is continually becoming those deities.
4. Now should the cow, which supplies the
gharma ^, fail (to give milk), let them go to another ;
and at the same place where they otherwise make
that gharma (milk) flow^, let them place her with her
^ Viz. the formulas, Va^. S. VIII, 54-58, employed for making good any mishaps during the Soma-sacrifice. Cf. -S'at. Br. XII, 6, I, I seq. In the Ka«va recension, V, 7, 4, kandikas 5-10 cor- respond to the present Brahmawa, while hzncfikas 1-4 contain the account of the Mahavratiya graha corresponding to M. IV, 6, 4.
^ ? Or, this then he makes Pra^apati to be ; but see IV, 6, i, 5.
^ ? I.e. that divine race or element. The Ka«va text reads, eta- vad va idam asty, etad dhy amr/tam, yad dhy am/z'taw tad asti.
* See p. 104, note 3.
^ That is, when they milk the cow with the Mantras ' Flow thou
412 5ATAPATHA-BRAHMAiVA.
head towards the north, or in front of the hall with her face to the east.
5. And that which is the right one of the two
bones with hair-tufts which protrude on both sides
of her tail-bone, — thereon he offers those thirty-
four oblations of ghee ; for as much as are those
thirty-four utterances, so much is the sacrifice : thus
he lays the whole sacrifice entirely into her ; for there-
from she lets the gharma (milk) flow, and this is the
atonement therefore.
6. And if any part of the sacrifice were to fail, let
him make an oblation with regard thereto on the
Ahavaniya during the consecration and the Upasads,
and on the Agnidhra during the Soma feast — for
whatever point of the sacrifice fails, that breaks —
and whichever then is the deity in that (special
offering), through that one he heals it, through that
he puts it together again.
7. And if anything^ be spilt, let him pour water
thereon — everything here being pervaded (or ob-
tained) by water — for the obtainment of everything^ ;
with a verse to Vish/^u and Varu/za, — for whatsoever
distress one undergoes here on earth, all that Varu;^a
inflicts ^—(Va^. S. VIII, 59; Atharva-veda VII, 25,
for the Aj'vins!' &c., see IV, 2, i, 11 seq. Perhaps yasyawi velayam has to be taken in the sense of ' at the same time at which they make it flow/ as is done in the St. Petersb. Diet. Compare, however, the Kawva reading, tad yam upasa;«krameyus tam agre;/a va dikshita-ralara yatra vainam etat pinvayanti tad enam Tpva./iim vodi/^i»z va sthapayitavai bruyat.
■^ Viz. any Soma, according to Katy. XXV, 2, 9; or any clotted ghee (pr/shada^ya), according to the Ka«va text.
^ For this construction, see p. 15, note 3.
^ Or, whatsoever undergoes (suffering) here on earth, all that Varuwa causes to undergo it.
Iv Ka^Da, 5 Adhyaya, 7 Brahmaa^a, Q. 413
i), 'They by whose vigour the spheres were
propped up, who are in strength the strongest
and mightiest; who sway with powers unre-
sisted, to Vish;^u and Varu^^a hath it gone at
the morning prayer !' For Vish;m is the sacrifice,
and it is that (sacrifice) of his which now undergoes
distress; and Varu/^a is the inflicter : thus by both
these deities — that whose (sacrifice) undergoes dis-
tress, and that which inflicts it — he heals (the joint
of the sacrifice), by both he puts it together.
8. And let him then touch (the spilt material) with
(Va^. S.VIII, 60), 'To the gods, to the sky hath
the sacrifice gone : may wealth thence accrue
to me ! to the men, to the air hath the sacrifice
gone : may wealth thence accrue to me! to the
Fathers, to the earth hath the sacrifice gone :
may wealth thence accrue to me!' — ' To what-
ever world the sacrifice has gone, thence happiness
has come to me M ' this is what he thereby means
to say.
9. Here now Aru«i said, ' Why should he sacrifice
who would think himself the worse for a miscarriage
of the sacrifice ? I, for one, am the better for a mis-
carriage of the sacrifice ^ ! ' This, then, he said with
reference to the adoption of those benedictions.
^ This last sentence (' To whatever world . . . ') is treated as if it belonged to the sacrificial formula, to which it is attached in the Sa?;zhita. The mistake (which doubtless there is) probably arose from the omission of the ' iti ' in the Brahma«a. In the Ka«va text of the Brahmawa, the analogous sentence appears clearly as belong- ing to the exposition, and not to the Sa?«hita.
^ Yiim sa ya^wena ya^eteti yo y^gndih syat tena vyrzUdhena jreyo nabhiga^ed iti. Ka«va text.
414 SATAPATHA-BRAHMAiVA.
Eighth Brahmajva.
1. Now when at that Triratra^ sacrifice he gives
those thousand (cows), then that one is made the one-
thousandth^. On the first day he brings three hundred
and thirty-three ; and Hkewise on the second day he
brings three hundred and thirty-three ; and Hkewise
on the third day he brings three hundred and thirty-
three. Then that one-thousandth is left over.
2. She should be three-coloured, they say, for that
is the most perfect form for her. But let it be a red
one, and spotted, for that indeed is the most perfect
form for her.
3. Let it be one that has not been approached
(by a bull), for she, the Sahasri, is in reality Va/^
(speech) ; but Va/^, forsooth, is of unimpaired vigour,
and so is one of unimpaired vigour which has not
been approached : therefore it should be one that
has not been approached.
4. He may lead her up (to the sacrificial ground)
on the first day ; for she, the Sahasri, is in reality
Vd/^, and hers, Va/^'s, is that thousandfold progeny ^
^ The Sahasradakshiwa Triratra, or sacrifice of three (pressing) days, with a thousand cows as the priests' fee, is men- tioned Katy. XIII, 4, 15 seq. as, apparently, an independent Ahina sacrifice. I do not, however, know whether it might not be added on to some other sacrificial performance, as, for instance, to the Przsh//^ya sha^/aha, thus forming together with this the Navaratra (or first nine days of the Da^-aratra, see p. 402, note 2). Katy. gives no indication as to the particular forms of Soma-sacri- fice required for the several days ; but, guided no doubt by the Brahmawa, he confines his remarks to the manner of distribution of the dakshiwas.
^ Sahasri, lit. ' she who makes the dakshiwa to consist of one thousand.'
^ Or, — and from her,Va/^, those thousand (cows) were produced ;
IV KAiVDA, 5 ADHYAYA, 8 BRAHMAiVA, lO. 415
She walks at the head (of the other 333 cows), and
behind her follows her progeny. Or he may lead her
up on the last day ; then her progeny precedes her,
and she herself walks behind. This, however, is mere
speculation : let him lead her up on the last day, —
her progeny precedes her, and she herself walks
behind.
5. North of the Havirdhana shed, and south of
the Agntdhra fire-house he makes her smell the
Dro/^akala^-a ; for the Dro;^akalaj"a is the sacrifice ;
thus he makes her see the sacrifice.
6. With (Va^. S. VIII, 42), 'Smell the trough :
may the drops enter thee, O mighty one ! ' Now
he who gives a thousand (cows) becomes, as it were,
emptied : him, thus emptied, he thereby replenishes,
when he says, ' Smell the trough : may the drops
enter thee, O mighty one ! '
7. ' Return again with sap !' him who is emptied
he thus replenishes when he says, ' Return again with
sap ! '
8. 'And milk to us a thousandfold!' him
who is emptied he thus replenishes with a thou-
sand (forces), when he says, ' And milk to us a
thousandfold ! '
9. ' Broad-streamed, milk-abounding, — may
wealth come back to me !' him who is emptied he
thus replenishes when he says, ' May wealth come
back to me ! '
10. He then mutters in her right ear, 'O Irt'a,
blithesome, adorable, lovable, bright, shining,
Aditi (inviolable), ^'arasvati (sapful), mighty,
or, — and from her (the thousandth cow) that thousandfold progeny of Yak was produced ; see IV, 6, 7, 3, where the thousandfold pro- geny of Va^ is identified with the Vedic texts generally.
41 6 S-ATAPATHA-BRAHMAiVA.
glorious, — these are thy names, Ocow : tell thou
the gods of me as a doer of good ! ' — or, ' speak
thou . . . / These indeed are her names with the
gods : he thus means to say, 'whatever thy names are
with the gods, therewith tell the gods of me as a doer
of good.'
11. They release her. If, not urged by any man,
she goes eastwards, then let him know that this
sacrificer has succeeded, that he has won the happy
world. If she goes northwards, let him know that
the sacrificer will be more glorious in this world. If
she goes westwards, let him know that he will be
rich in dependants and crops. If she goes south-
wards, let him know that the sacrificer will quickly
depart from this world. Such are the ways of
knowledge.
12. And what three (cows) there are each time
over and above the (three hundred and) thirty,
thereto they add that one ^. Now, when they draw
out a Vira^ (verse), they pull it asunder, and a Vira^
which is pulled asunder is torn in two ; — and the
Vira^ consisting of ten syllables, he thus makes the
Virac^ complete. Let him give her to the Hotrz ;
for the Hotrz is a thousandfold ^ : therefore let him
give her to the Hotrz.
^ I am not certain whether I understand this passage rightly. According to paragraph i6, and Katy. XIII, 4, 23, he is to give away the cows by tens. This would leave three each day, or nine on the three days. To them he is to add the Sahasri, and give the ten cows to the Hotr;'. — A common Vira^ verse consists of three times ten syllables ; but there are also such as consist of three times eleven syllables. These latter the sacrificer is thus represented (by withholding three cows out of thirty-three) to make into a proper Vira^.
^ That is, according to the St. Petersb. Diet., he possesses a
IV KAiVZ»A, 5 ADHYAVA, 8 BRAHMAA^A, l6. 417
13. Or let him appoint two Unnetrzs, and let him
give her to him, of the two, who does not call for the
6'rausha/ ; for defective, indeed, is he who, being an
officiating priest, does not call for the ^'rausha/ ; and
defective also is the Vira^ which is pulled asunder :
thus he puts the defective to the defective.
14. Now they say, one ought not to give anything
above a thousand (cows), because by a thousand he
obtains all the objects of his desire. But Asurl said,
' Let him give according to his wish : by a thousand
he indeed obtains all his wishes ; and anything else
(that he giv^es) is likewise given at his wish ^'
15. And should he intend to give a cart yoked
(with a team of oxen), or something else, let him give
it either after the offering of the omentum of the
barren cow, or at the concluding- (udavasani) a)
offerinor.
16. In bringing the dakshi;^as, let him bring com-
plete decads. If he intends to give one (cow) to any
(priest), let him pass over a decad to ten such
(priests). If he intends to give two to any one, let
him pass over a decad to five such (priests). If he
intends to give three to any one, let him pass over a
decad to three such-. If he intends to mve five to
