^ In the same way Axv. S. X, 4, 8 lays down the rule that the ^astras of the second day are those of Uie fifth day of the YytuiH PnsbMya-sluuMa ; cf. above, XIII, 5, i, 7 seqq.
* See XIII, 3, 2, 3.
Digitized by
396 ^atapatha-brAhmajva.
medha is everything : thus it is for the sake of his obtaining and securing everything.
Fourth BrAhma^a. Different Arrangements of the Chants of the A^ambdha.
1. Now, Indrota Daivipa 5*aunaka onx:e per-
formed this sacrifice for Caname/aya Pirikshita,
and by performing it he extinguished all evil-doing,
all Brahman-slaughter ; and, verily, he who performs
the A,rvamedha extinguishes (the guilt incurred by)
all evil-doing, all Brahman-slaughter.
2. It is of this, indeed, that the G&thi (strophe)
sings, — * In Asandlvat\ G^aname^aya bound for
the godsa black-spotted, grain-eating horse, adorned
with a golden ornament and with yellow garlands/
3. [There are] those same first two days*, and
a G^yotis * Atirdtra : therewith (they sacrificed) for
Bhtmasena ; — those same first two days, and a Go
Atir^tra : therewith (they sacrificed) for Ugra-
sena; — those same first two days, and an Ayus
AtiraLtra : therewith (they sacrificed) for ^Jrutasena.
These are the Pdrikshitlyas *, and it is of this that
the Gdthi sings, — *The righteous P&rikshitas,
performing horse-sacrifices, by their righteous work
did away with sinful work one after another/
* Lit., (in the city, nagare, Harisvdmin) possessed of a throne. Cf. Ait. Br. VIII, 21.
* Viz., as stated before, an Agnish/oma and an Ukthya.
' As to the difference between the ffyotis, Go, and Ayus forms of the Agnish/oma sacrifice, see part iv, p. 287, note 2.
* That is, according to Harisv&min (and \he G&th4), the brothers of ((raname^ya) Pirikshita, though one would rather have thought of his sons, the grandsons of Parikshit.
Digitized by
XIII kInda, 5 adhyAya, 4 brAhmana, 7. 397
4. Those same first two days, and an Abh^t^
Atir&tra, — therewith Para A/nira, the Kausalya
king, once sacrificed : it is of this that G&thi sings,
— *A/n4ra's son, the Kausalya Para, Hairawya-
n&bha, caused a horse, meet for sacrifice, to be
bound, and gave away the replete regions/
5. Those same first two days, and a Visvsigit^
Atirdtra, — ^therewith Purukutsa, the Aikshv&ka
king, once on a time performed a horse(daurgaha)-
sacrifice, whence it is of this that the Hishi sings
{jRtg'V. IV, 42, 8), — * These, the seven ^/shis, were
then our fathers when Daurgaha ^ was bound/
6. Those same first two days, and a Mahivrata '
Atiritra, — therewith Marutta Avikshita, the
Ayogava king, once performed sacrifice; whence
the Maruts became his guards-men, Agni his
chamberlain, and the Vi^ve Dev&A his counsellors :
it is of this that the G&th& sings, — *The Maruts
dwelt as guards-men in Marutta Avikshita's
house, Agni as his chamberlain, and the Vijve
Dev4A as his counsellors/ And, verily, the Maruts
become the guards-men, Agni the chamberlain,
and the Vi^ve Dev&A the counsellors of him who
performs the horse-sacrifice.
7. Those same first two days, and an Aptoryima*
Atir4tra, — it was therewith that Kraivya, the
F&nk&la. king, once performed sacrifice, — for
Krivis they formerly called the Pa^i&las : it is of
this that the G4th4 sings, — *At Parivakrft, the
* Regarding the Abhi^t and Vijva^t, see part iv, p. 320, note 2.
* S&ya^a, difTerently from our Br&hmaiia, takes Daurgaha as ihe patronymic of Purukutsa (son of Durgaha).
* See part iv, p. 282, note 5.
* 3ee part iii, introd. p. xx.
Digitized by
398 jatapatha-brAhmaj^a.
P&^i&la overlord of the Krivis seized a horse,
meet for sacrifice, with offering-gifts of a hundred
thousand (head of cattle)/
8. And a second (G4thi), — * A thousand myriads
there were, and five-and-twenty hundreds, which the
Br&hma^^s of the Pa^iilas from every quarter
divided between them/
9. The Agnish/oma in the TrivWt (stoma) ; the
Ukthya in the Pa^iada^a; and the third day, with
the Uktha (stotras), in the Saptadara ; the Sho^a&i^in
(stotra) in the Ekavi^yi^, the night (stotras) in the
Pa^^da^a, and the Sandhi (stotra) in the Trivrtt, —
this is the (sacrifice) resulting in the AnushAibh * :
it is therewith that sacrifice was performed by
Dhvasan Dvaitavana, the king of the Matsyas,
where there is the lake Dvaitavana ; and it is of
this that the Githi sings, — * Fourteen steeds did
king Dvaitavana, victorious in battle, bind for
Indra VWtrahan, whence the lake Dvaitavana
(took its name)/
10. The (three) Pavam&na (stotras) in the Aatur-
vimsB, (stoma), and (those performed) by repetitions*
in the Trivm ; the Pavaminas in the A^atu^^atvA-
rimsB, (44-versed stoma), and (those performed) by
repetition^ in the Ekavi/«ja; the Pavam&nas in
^ Viz. inasmuch as, according to Harisvimin, all the Stotras amount together to 798 verses, which make twenty-five anushAibh verses (of 32 syllables each) or thereabouts.
* That is to say, all the remaining nine stotras of this, the Agnish-^ /oma, day, the so-called Dhuryas, viz. the A^ya-stotras, the PnshMa- stotras, and the Agnish/oma-siman, in all of which the respective Stoma is obtained by repetitions of the three stotriyi-verses.
' In this, the Ukthya, day, this includes also the three IJktha- stotras, as being, as it were, the Dhuryas of the Hotri*s assistants
Digitized by
XIII kAnda, 5 adhyAva, 4 brAhmaya, 15. 399
the Ash/fiiatv4ri»wa (48), and (those performed) by
repetition in the Trayastrifw^a (33) up to the
Agnish/oma-s&man, the Uktha (stotras) in the Dvd-
tri^^a (32), the Sho^afin in the Kkavimss,, the night
(stotras) in the Pa^iadara, and the Sandhi (stotra) in
the Trivm :
11. Suchlike is Vishnu's striding ^ — it was there-
with that Bharata Dau^shanti once performed
sacrifice, and attained that wide sway which now
belongs to the Bharatas: it is of this that the
G&thi sings, — * Seventy-eight steeds did Bharata
Dau>ishanti bind for the Vrxtra-slayer on the
YamunS, and fifty-five near the Gangi.'
1 2. And a second (Githd), — * Having bound a
hundred and thirty-three horses, meet for sacrifice,
king Saudyumni, more shifty, overcame the other
shiftless ones/
13. And a third, — 'At N&^apit^, the Apsaraa
^Sakuntali conceived Bharata, who, after conquer-
ing the whole earth, brought to Indra more than
a thousand horses, meet for sacrifice/
14. And a fourth ^ — * The greatness of Bharata
neither the men before nor those after him attained,
nor did the five (tribes of) men, even as a mortal
man (does not touch) the sky with his arms/
1 5. With the Ekavi»wa-stoma* ^^'shabha Yi^»a-
(cf. part ill, introd. p. xiv seqq.); whilst In the directions regarding the next day they are not included, as requiring a different Stoma.
^ Just as there are here wide intervals between the Stomas, so Vishnu, in his three strides, passes over wide distances, comm.
* This, according to Harisv&min, is the name of Ka^va's hermitage. Cf. Leumann, Zeitsch. d. D. M. G., XLVIII, p. 81.
' Cf. Ait, Br. VIII, 23 ; Weber, Ind. Stud. I, p. 202.
^ That is, using the 21 -versed form throughout the three days.
Digitized by
400 ^ATAPATHA-BRAHMAiVA.
tura, king of the •Sviknas, performed sacrifice: it
is of this that the G&thi sings, — * When ^^'shabha
Y4^»atura was sacrificing, the Brahman-folk,
having received wealth at the A,rvamedha, divided
the offering-gifts between them/
1 7. And a second (G4tha), — ' At the sacrifice of
thee, K oka's father, the Trayastri»>^ (stomas)
come forth, each as six times six thousand * (horses),
and six thousand mail-clad men.'
18. And a third,— 'When Sitrisdha, the P4»-
idla king, was sacrificing, wearing beautiful garlands^
Indra revelled in Soma, and the Brihma;»as became
satiated with wealth.'
19. ^'atinlka S4tr4^ita performed the Govi- nata (form of A^vamedha),- after taking away the
' Koko n&ma nitha^, ke te axv& udtrata iti pratham&ysbn gith&- y&m uktam tad atripy anuvartate; teshdm tatra parimd/iam noktam atra sha/trimsad arvasahasr&»i rakshi»am anu>&arabh(^tiny udgai^^^antity &ha; trayastrimxix ^odirate sha^/ dhi{?) varmi/ifini pad&netisu (?) ga^^^^nliti. Harisvfimin.
Digitized by
XIII kAj^da, s adhyava, 4 hKkauANA, 23. 401
horse of the K&^ya (king); and since that time
the K&i-is do not keep up the (sacrificial) fires»
saying, ' The Soma-drink has been taken from us/
20. The mode (of chanting) for this (Govinata
form) is : — ^the Pavam&na (stotras) in the A!aturvii»»^
(stoma), and (those chanted) by repetitions in the
Trivm; — the Pavamdnas in the Ksitus^tv&rims^,
the ^A^ya (stotras) in the EkaviiM^a, the Ukthas ^ in
the Triisava, the PrtshMas in the EkaviMfa ; — the
PavamAnas in the Sha/triiM^ (36-versed), and (those
chanted) by repetitions in the Trayastriu^wa (33)
up to the Agnish/oma-siman, the Ukthas in the
Ekavi^«5a, the Sho^a^in in the EkavimsB,, the night
(stotras) in the Pa^iiada^a, and the Sandhi (stotra)
in the TrivrtL
21. It is of this that the G4th& sings, — ' ^a t& n t k a
S&tr&^ita seized a sacrificial horse, in the neigh-
bourhood, the sacrifice of the K&^is, even as
Bharata (seized that) of the Satvats.'
22. And a second, — *The mighty ^atinlka, having
seized, in the neighbourhood, Dhrnar&sh/ra's
white sacrificial horse, roaming at will in its tenth
month, .Sat&nlka * performed the Govinata-sacrifice/
23. And a fourth', — *The greatness of the
Bharatas neither the men before nor those after
them attained, nor did the seven (tribes of) men,
even as a mortal man (does not touch) the sky with
his flanks/
* Why these are here put before the Fn'sh/kzs, is not clear.
* Perhaps we ought here to read ' SitrS^ta/
* Unless the Gdthft in the preceding paragraph (being in the Trish/ubh metre) is really counted as two, the author seems here purposely to have omitted a verse. Possibly, however, it may mean^ 'the fourth,' viz. referring to paragraph 14.
[44] ' Dd
Digitized by
402 ^atapatha-brAhma^a,
24. Now as to the sacrificial gifts. Whatever there
is towards the middle of the kingdom other than the
land, the men, and the property of the Br&hma^a,
of that the eastern region belongs to the Hotrt\
the southern to the Brahman, the western to the
Adhvaryu, the northern to the IJdgAtrt; and the
HotriksLS share this along with them.
25. When the Udayanlyft (completing offering)
is finished, he seizes twenty-one barren cows, sacred
to Mitra-Varu»a, the Vi^ve Dev&A, and Br/haspati,
with the view of his gaining those deities. And
the reason why those sacred to Br^liaspati come
last is that BreTiaspati is the Brahman (n.), and he
thus establishes himself finally in the Brahman.
26. And as to their being twenty-one of them, —
the twenty-one-fold is he who shines yonder : twelve
months, five seasons, these three worlds, and yonder
sun as the twenty-first — this consummation (he
thereby obtains).
27. When the Udavasdntyi (closing offering) is
completed, they give, for a sacrificial gift, four
women, with a maiden as the fifth, and four hundred
female attendants according to agreement.
28. And during the following year he performs
the animal sacrifices of the seasons, — six (victims)
sacred to Agni in the spring, six to Indra in the
summer, six to Par>?anya, or to the Maruts, in the
rainy season, six to Mitra and Varu^wi in the autumn,
six to Indra and Vish;«u in the winter, and six to
Indra and Br/haspati in the dewy season, — ^six
seasons are a year : in the seasons, in the year, he
thus establishes himself. These amount to thirty-
six animals, — the Br/hatl (metre) consists of thirty^
six syllables, and the heavenly world is established
Digitized by
^ yi!i!HmmPB57a
XIII kAjvda, 6 adhyAya, i brAhmajva, 3. 403
upon the Br/hatl: and thus he finally establishes
himself, by means of the Brihatl metre, in the
heavenly world.
Sixth AdhyAya. First BrAhmajva. The Purushaiisdha, or Human Sacrifick.
1. Purusha N4r4ya«a desired, 'Would that I
overpassed all beings ! would that I alone were every-
thing here (this universe) ! ' He beheld this five-
days' sacrificial performance, the Purushamedha,
and took it \ and performed offering therewith ; and
having performed offering therewith, he overpassed
all beings, and became everything here. And,
verily, he who, knowing this, performs the Purusha-
medha, or who even knows this, overpasses all
beings, and becomes everything here.
2. For this (offering) there are twenty-three
Dtksh&s, twelve Upasads, and five SutyAs (Soma-
days). This, then, being a forty-days' (perform-
ance), including the Dtksh&s and Upasads, amounts
to a Vir4^*, for the Vir4^ consists of forty syllables :
[Vft^. S. XXXI, 5.] •Thence* Vird^ (f.) was
born, and from out of Viri^ the Piirusha.'
^ That is, according to Harisvdmin, he brought its powers into play, and accomplished all his desires : — tats&dhandny up&p&dayat, ten&ya/n ys^nena samthitam sakalam sidhitavdn ity artha^
* The Vir^-verse consists of decasyllabic p&das, the most common form of the verse being one of three pddas(or thirty syllables), whilst here the one consisting of four p&das is alluded to, and WiiSig- verses of one and two p&das likewise occur. There is also a parallel form of the Vir&^-metre consisting of (usually three) hendeca-syllabic p&das.
