16. And the cups of milk are the vital airs, and the cups of Surd-liquor the body: thus, were he
^ That is to say, in drawing the cups he draws alternately a cup of milk, and a cup of Surd ; Kity. St, XIX, 2, 21. According to ib. 22, the three cups of milk may, however, be drawn first, and then the cups of liquor.
Digitized by
XII kAjv/)a, 7 adhyAya, 3 brAhmajva, 20. 229
to draw (the cups) without interlinking them, he
would detach the body from the vital airs, and
the vital airs from the body, and the Sacrificer
would be liable to perish. He draws them so as
to be interlinked, and thereby combines the body
with the vital airs, and the vital airs with the body ;
and, indeed, he also lays vital power (or life) into
him : whence he who has performed the Sautrima^t,
and even he who thus knows this, attains the full
(measure of) life.
1 7. And the cups of milk are Soma, and the cups
of Surd-liquor food : thus, in that both cups of milk
and cups of Suri-liquor are taken, he indeed secures
for himself both the Soma-drink and food.
18. And the cups of milk are cattle, and the cups
of Sur4-liquor food : thus, in that both cups of milk
and cups of Sur4-liquor are taken, he indeed secures
for himself both cattle and food.
19. And the cups of milk are domestic animals,
and the cups of Sur&-liquor wild animals : thus, in
that both cups of milk and cups of Sura-liquor are
taken, he indeed secures for himself both domestic
and wild animals. And he mixes the cups of milk
with both cultivated and wild-growing (fruit), whereby
both cultivated and wild-growing food is secured to
the domestic animals.
20. As to this they say, ' In that there are those
wild beasts, this is a form of that cruel deity ; and if
he were to mix the cups of milk with hairs of those
beasts, he would thrust the cattle into the mouth of
Rudra, and the Sacrificer would be without cattle :
let him not mix them, or cattle would not be secured
by him, for Rudra is the ruler of animals.' The cups
of SurS-liquor alone he mixes with hairs of those
Digitized by
230 DATAPATH A-BRAHMAi^TA.
beasts : he thus puts into the Suri what belongs to
Rudra, whence by drinking SurA-Hquof one becomes
of violent (raudra) mind ; and on the wild beasts
alone he thus directs Rudra's shaft so as to insure
safety to the domestic animals; and cattle are
secured by him and he does not thrust the cattle
into the mouth of Rudra.
21. [Vfi^. S. XIX, 10; II,] 'That dysentery
which spareth both the tiger and the wolf, the
winged eagle and the lion, may it spare this
(Sacrificer) trouble! — Whereas, as a child, joy-
fully sucking, I chafed my mother, so now,
O Agni, I become freed from my debt: un-
harmed by me are my parents/
22. With two eagle-feathers, the Adhvaryu and
PratiprasthAtrz purify the Sacrificer, turned towards
the east behind the altar-ground \ both upwards
and downwards, — this is a form of the in-breathing
and the upward breathing : the in-breathing and the
upward breathing he thereby secures ; for both up-
wards and downwards this breath passes along the
body. With (V^. S. XIX, 11), * Uniting ye are :
unite me with happiness*!' he touches the cups
of milk : with prosperity and fame he thereby
endows him. With, 'Disuniting ye are: dis-
unite me from evil!' he touches the cups of
Surd-liquor : he thereby keeps him from evil.
* That is, behind the mahS-vedi, near the anta^p&tya-peg, where the purchase of the ingredients for the preparation of the Surd had taken place.
* Cf. V, I, 2, 18, where the same two formulas are used whilst the Soma and SurS-cups are first held together, and then withdrawn from each other; and the terms *sampn>^' and *vipn)J' were accordingly taken in a passive sense, 'united' and 'disunited;'
Digitized by
XII kAjvDA. 8 ADHYAvA, I BRAHMAiVA, 2. 23 1
Eighth AdhyAya. First BRAnMAi^rA.
1. Now, when Indra's energies, or vital powers,
departed from him, the gods restored them . by
means of this very sacrifice. Both cups of milk and
cups of Surd-liquor are filled : they thereby restore
to him his energies, or vital powers. On the
northern fire they offer (from) the cups of milk, and
thereby provide him ' with the bright liquor, with
the Soma-drink,
2. He (the Adhvaryu) offers (of the three cups of
milk) with (Va^. S. XIX, 32), * By their devo-
tions the buffalos quicken the sacrifice,' — the
buffalos, doubtless, are the officiating priests, and
devotion is sacrifice : through the priests he causes
the sacrifice to prosper, and through the sacrifice
the sacrificer*; — 'the barhis-seated one, sup-
plied with Surd and goodly heroes,' supplied
with Surd, indeed, is this barhis-seated sacrifice, to
wit, the Sautrdma«l : by means of the barhis (the
sacred grass on the Vedi), and the sacrifice, he
causes him to prosper; — 'they who bestow
Soma,' — they thus bestow the Soma-drink upon
him; — *with the deities in heaven,' — they thus
place him with the deities in heaven; — *may we
enjoy ourselves,' — the Soma-juice, indeed, con-
whilst here the active sense seems preferable, the term 'viprik' probably referring to the tendency of fiery liquor for producing broils.
' Or, cause him to prosper, render him successful by means of the liquor; MS. I. O. 311 reads ' samardhayanti.'
' Or, perhaps, he provides the sacrifice with priests, and the Sacrificer with sacrifice. For obvious reasons the first two pidas of the verse have been transposed in the translation.
Digitized by
232 -^ATAPATHA-BRAHMAiVA.
duces to joy, and so does the Surd-liquor : both the
joy of Soma and the joy of Suri he thus secures ; —
•worshipping Indra with good hymns of
praise!' — for the hymn of praise is food for the
gods, and the sacrifice also is food : by sacrifice,
by food, he thus makes him successful. Having
sacrificed, they drink (of the milk), and thereby
increase what is prosperous with him.
3. He drinks S with (V^f. S. XIX, 34), 'The
(Soma) which the Ai'vins (brought away) from
Namu>^i, the Asura,' — for the two A^vins indeed
brought away that (Soma-juice) from Namu^; —
•and Sarasvatt distilled for the sake of
Indra's strength,' — for Sarasyatl indeed distilled
it for the sake of Indra s strength; — 'that clear,
sweet draught,' — for clear and sweet indeed is
that draught, Soma ; — * King Soma I now drink/
— it is thus king Soma that comes to be drunk by
him. The cups of Surd-liquor they offer (from) on
the southern fire *, and thereby keep him (the Sacri-
ficer) from evil *.
4. He (the Pratiprasthdtr/) offers (libations from
the cups of Suri-liquor*), with (Vi^. S. XIX, 33),
* What essence there is of thine, gathered from
the plants,' for this Surd-liquor, indeed, is the essence
^ For particulars as to the persons who partake of the respective cups of milk and Surd-liquor, see XII, 8, 2, 22 seqq.
' That is, on the fire of the southern of the two special Vedis, see p. 225, note.
' Viz. inasmuch as the libations of liquor are not made on the oflfering-fire proper, the (northern) Ahavaniya, where the oblations from the cups of milk are made.
* These cups are of the same kind as those used for the draughts of Soma, being made of palira-wood, and resembling mortars in shape ; cf. part ii, p. 259, note i, towards the end.
Digitized by
XII KkNDA, 8 adhyAya, I brAhmajva, 6. 233
of both the waters and the plants : by the essence
of both the waters and the plants he thus causes
him to prosper; — 'the strength of the Soma-
juice together with the Suri-liquor/ — he
thereby secures what strength there is in the Soma-
juice and in the SurA-liquor; — *by that exhila-
rating drink quicken thou the Sacrificer/ — that
is, *by that exhilarating drink gladden thou the
Sacrificer ;' — *Sarasvatt, the Ai^vins, Indra, and
Agni/ — by deities he (the priest) thus causes the
sacrifice to prosper, and by deities and sacrifice
the Sacrificer. Having made the offering, they
drink (the liquor), and thereby cause to prosper
what is unprosperous with him.
5. He drinks, with (Vdf. S. XIX, 35), * What-
ever is mingled herewith of the juicy Soma,'
— he thereby secures for him the essence (juice) of
the effused (extracted) and the infused ^ (Soma) ; —
'which Indra drank with eagerness,' — for Indra,
indeed, drank it with eagerness; — 'that (essence)
thereof (I drink) with propitious mind,' — for
unpropitious, as it were, to a Br4hma«a is that drink,
the Suril-liquor : having thus made it propitious, he
takes it to himself; — * King Soma I drink,' — it is
thus king Soma that comes to be drunk by him.
6. Here, now, other Adhvaryus hire some R^^nya
or Vai^a with the view that he shall drink that
(liquor) ; but let him not do this ; for, indeed, this
Soma-drink falls to the share of the fathers and
grandfathers of whoever drinks (the liquor *) on
' For the distinction between 'sata' and '&suta' (not ' asuta'), cf. XII, 8, 2, 12. • According to K4ty. St. XIX, 3, 15, some authorities, however.
Digitized by
234 .yATAPATHA-BRAHMAJVA.
this occasion. Having shifted three coals of the
southern fire to outside the enclosing-stones \ he
may there offer (of the liquor) with these (three)
utterances (VS^. S. XIX, 36) :—
7. *To the SvadhA-loving Fathers be Sva-
dha, adoration!' he thereby places the Fathers
with the Svadha in the world of the Fathers. — * To
the SvadhA-loving grandfathers be Svadh4,
adoration ! ' he thereby places the grandfathers with
the SvadhA in the world of the grandfathers. — * To
the Svadh^-loving great-grandfathers be
SvadhsL, adoration ! ' he thereby places the great-
grandfathers with the Svadha in the world of the
great-grandfathers.
8. Having fetched water, he pours it (into the
cups) with, 'The Fathers have drunk:' he
thereby bestows food on them; — *the Fathers have
enjoyed themselves:' he thereby causes them
to enjoy themselves; — *the Fathers have be-
come satisfied:' he thereby satisfies them; —
* may the Fathers cleanse themselves!' he
thereby purifies all of them from the first downwards,
for the Sautrdma^^l is a means of purification \
think the inhaling of the fumes of the liquor to be sufficient for this purpose.
^ The coals are to be placed on the south side of the southern fire, from north to south, and the libation from the Ajvina cup is made on the northernmost coal, that from the Sdrasvata cup on the central one, and that from the Aindra cup on the southern one. According to Kity. XIX, 3, 17, and Mahidhara on V^. S. XIX, 36, this is a fourth alternative of disposing of the liquor (in favour of the Fathers), the others being actual drinking, or smelling it, or hiring some one to drink it.
■ At XII, 7, 2, 13 a perforated pot (with a hundred holes) was mentioned as being used at this sacrifice. According to K&ty. St.
Digitized by
XII KANDA, 8 ADHYAyA, I BRAHMAiVA, I4. 235
9. By three implements of purification he puri-
fies,— three in number are these worlds : by means
of these worlds he thus purifies him.
10. With *p4vam4nt^ (verses)' they purify; for
p4vam4n!s are a means of purification : by a means
of purification they thus purify him.
11. With three (verses) they purify each time, —
there are three vital airs, the in-breathing, the up-
breathing, and the through-breathing : it is by
means of these that they purify him.
12. With nine (verses) they purify, — there are
nine vital airs : by means of the vital airs they
purify him, and when purified they establish him
again in the vital airs.
13. They purify by means of a (goat's hair and
sheep's wool) strainer, — such a strainer doubtless is
a form (symbol) of goats and sheep : by means of
goats and sheep they thus purify him.
14. They purify by means of a tail-whisk, — such
a tail-whisk doubtless is a form of kine and horses :
with kine and horses they thus purify him.
