* This Pazand epithet seems to mean ‘mother-burning,’ and may have some connection with the legend mentioned in § 11. TD has min am Giigak, ‘ whose mother was Giigak.’
* K2ob omits the five names from Afrak to ZQsak.
Av, Frangrasyan, the Tfryan, of Yas, XI, 21, Aban Yt. 41,
Chapter Xxxi, I2-2i. 135
of Pashang, of Zaésm', of Tarak, of Spaényasp, of
Daréshasp, of Tig, of Frédfin. 15. He (Frasiyaz)
as well as Karsévaz*, whom they call Kaddn*, and
Aghrérad * were all three brothers.
(16°. Pashang and Visak were both brothers. 17.
By Visak were Piran*®, Haman, San’, and other
brothers begotten. 18. By Frasiyav were Frasp-i
Ar, San, Shédak*, and other sons begotten; and
Vispan-fry4®, from whom Kai-Khiasréb was_ born,
was daughter of Frdsiyav, and was of the same
mother with Frasp-i Adr. 19. From Frasp-i A dr
were Sirak, Astrik, and other children ; axd by them
were KhvAst-atrikht, Yazdan-atrikht, Yazdan-sardad,
Fréh-khird, La-vahak”™, and others begotten, a recital
of whom wox/d be tedious.
20. By Aghrérad was Gépatshah™ begotten. 21.
When Frastyav made Mantséthar, with the Iranians,
captive in the mountain-range (gar) of Padashkh-
Gos Yt. 18, 22, Ashi Yt. 38, 42, Zamydd Yt. 56-63, 82, 93; called Afrasiyab in the Shahnamah.
' Zadsam in the Shahnémah.
2 Garsivaz in the Shahnémah.
* TD has Pahl. Kidan.
* See Chap. XXIX, 5.
5 The remainder of this chapter is found only in TD.
° Piran Visah is Afrasiyéb’s chief general in the Shahnamah, and Himan and Pilsam are his brothers.
7 This name is very ambiguous in Pahlavi, as it can be read many other ways.
§ Shédah in the Shahnamah.
® She is called Farangis in the Shahnamah.
10 The reading of several of these names is more or less uncer- tain, but the object of the author is evidently to apply opprobrious epithets to all the male descendants of Afrasiyab.
1 TD has Gdépat-malka here, as also in Chap. XXIX, 5, where it is said to be a title of Aghrérad (always written Agrérad in TD).
136 BUNDAHIS.
var!, and scattered ruin and want among them,
Aghrérad begged a favour of God (yazdan), and
he obtained the benefit that the army and cham-
pions of the Iranians were saved by him from that
distress. 22. Frdsty4v slew Aghrérad for that
fault; and Aghrérad, as his recompense, begat
such a son as Gédpatshah.
23. Afizébé the Tthmaspian?, Kanak-i Barzist,
Arawisanasp, azd Vaétand-i Raghindid were the
three sons aud the daughter of Agdimasvak 8, the sou
of Nédar, son of MAantskihar, who begat Afizébé.
24. Kavad‘ was a child in a waist-cloth (kuspiq@);
they abandoned zm on a river, azd he froze upon
the door-sills (kavadakan); Atiz6bé perceived and
took Aim, brought Azm up, and settled the name of
the trembling child.
25. By Kavad was Kai-Apivéh begotten; by
Kai-Apivéh were Kai-Arsh, Kai-Vyarsh, Kai-Pisdan,
and Kai-Kats begotten; by Kat-Kats was Siya-
vakhsh begotten ; by Siyavakhsh was Kai-Khdsréb®
* The mountains south of the Caspian (see Chap. XII, 17).
® Av. Uzava Tiimaspana of Fravardin Yt. 131, called Zav, or Zab, son of Tahmasp, in the Sh4hnamah,
* None of these names, which TD gives in Pazand, are to be found in the portion of the Avesta yet extant.
* Av. Kavi Kavita of Fravardin Yt. 132, Zamyad Yt. 71, called Kai-Qub4d in the Shahnfmah. There appears to be an attempt, in the text, to derive his name from the ‘ door-sill’ on which he is said to have been found.
Chapter Xxxi, 22—30. 137
begotten. 26. Keresdsp! and Afirvakhsh* were
both brothers. 27. Athrat*® was son of Sahm, son
of Trak, son of Spaényasp, son of Daréshasp‘, son
of Tag, son of Frédin. 28. Léharasp® was son of
Atiziv *, son of Mantis, son of Kai-Pisin’, son of
Kat-Apivéh, son of Kalt-Kavad. 29. By Kai-
Léharasp were Vistasp, Zarir*, azd other brothers
begotten; by Vistasp were Spend-dad® and Péshyé-
tani’? begotten; and by Spend-dad were Vohiman",
Ataré-tarsah, Mitré-tarsah, and others begotten.
30. Artakhshatar descendant of Papak—of whom his mother was daughter—was son of Sasan™, son of
1 Av. Keresaspa of Yas. IX, 31, 36, 39, Vend. I, 36, Aban Yt. 37, Fravardin Yt. 61, 136, Ram Yt. 27, Zamy4d Yt. 38-44, Af. Zarat. 3; he is called Garsdsp in the Shahnamah.
2 Ay, Urvakhshaya of Yas. IX, 31, Ram Yt. 28, Af. Zarat. 3. These brothers were sons of Thrita or Athrat, mentioned in the next §.
® Av. Thrita of the Sama race (see Yas. IX, 30, Vend. XX, 11) and father of Keresdspa, whose genealogy is given in a passage interpolated in some copies of the Shahnfmah as follows : Garsasp, Atrat, Sam, Tfirag, Sidasb, Tar, Jamshéd.
* Written Daréshap in TD, both here and in § rq.
5 Av. Aurvad-aspa of Aban Yt. 105, Vistasp Yt. 34, 46, called Luhrasp in the Shéhnamah.
® Reading doubtful.
7 Written Ka-Pisin here, but he is the same person as Kai- Pisan of § 25; the latter part of the name is written both Pisanangh and Pisina in the Avesta.
® Probably Zargar (being Av. Zairivairi of Abin Yt. 112, 117, Fravardin Yt. ror), but called Zarir in the Shahnamah.
® Av. Spemt6-data of Fravardin Yt. 103, Vistasp Yt. 25, called Isfendiyar in the Shahnamah.
10 See Chaps. XXIX, 5, XXXII, 5.
11 Called Bahman in the Shahnamah, and Ardashir the Kayanian’ in Bahman Yt. IJ, 17; the successor of his grandfather Vistasp (see Chap. XXXIV, 8).
12 The text is rather obscure, but the Ka4rndmak of Ardashir-i Papakan states clearly that Ardashir was son of Sdsan by the
138 BUNDAHIS.
Véh-afrid and! Zarir, soz of SAsAn, soz of Artakhsha-
tar who was the said Vohfiiman soz of Spend-dad.
31. The mother of Kai-Apivéh was Farhank ?,
daughter of him who ts exalted on the heavenly
path®, Urvad-gai-frast*, son of Rak, son of Darasrdéb,
son of Mandssihar. 32. This, too, it says, that the
glory® of Frédan settled on the root of a reed
(kany4) in the wide-formed ocean; aud Noktarga °,
through sorcery, formed a cow for tillage, ad begat
children there; three years he carried the reeds
there, axd gave them to the cow, until the glory
went on to the cow; he brought the cow, milked her
milk, azd gave z¢ to his three sons; as ¢hetr walking
was on hoofs, the glory did not go to the sons, but
to Farhank. 33. Ndktarga wished to injure’ Far-
hank, éw¢ Farhank went with the glory away from
daughter of P&pak, a tributary ruler of Pars under Ardavan, the last of the Askaniyan monarchs,
1 So in the Pahlavi text, which therefore makes Véh-afrid a woman’s name (like Pers. Beh-@frin) ; but this is doubtful, as the MSS. often confound va, ‘and,’ and i, ‘ son of.’
* In the Shahnamah Farhang is mother of Kai-Kavis. The
Pahlavi name can also be read Faranak, the name of the mother
of Ferfdfin in the Shahn&mah.
* Paz. vidharg-afrastaka, which looks more like an epithet than a name.
* Or, perhaps, ‘ Urvad-gf son of Frast.’
® The divine glory which was supposed to accompany all legiti- mate sovereigns of Iran, from the time of Hdshyang even to that of the Sasanian dynasty ; itis the Av. Avarenangh of the Zamyaéd Yast, and is said to have fled to the ocean for refuge during the reign of foreign dynasties and wicked kings (see Aban Yt. 42, Zamy4d Yt. 51, 56, 59, 62).
° The last syllable is so written, in Pazand, in § 33.
" Reading hangidan6d, ‘to injure,’ instead of khungdand,
which may mean ‘to embrace;’ the difference between the two
words being merely the letter f.
CHAPTER XXXI, 31-38. 13
the fierce (tib) father, and made a vow (patyastak)
thus: ‘I will give my first son to Adshbam*.’ 34.
Then Afishbam saved her from the father; and the
first son, Kai-Apivéh, she bore and gave to A(sh-
bam, was a hero associating with Adshbam, and
travelled in Adshbam’s company.
35. The mother of Adzébé was the daughter
of Namfdin the wizard, when Ndmak#? was with
Frasiyavz.
36. And, moreover, together with those begotten
by Sam* were six children in pairs, male avd female;
the name of one was Damnak, of one Khisrév, and
of one Margandak, and the name of each man and
woman together was one. 37. And the name of one
besides them was Dast4n‘; he was considered more
eminent than they, and Sagansih® and the southern
quarter were given to him; and Avar-shatré® and
the governorship were given by him to Avarnak.
38. Of Avar-shatré this is said, that z¢ zs the district
of Avarnak, azd they offered blessings 4o Srésh and
Ardavahist in succession; on this account is ¢her
possession of horses and possession of arms; and
on account of firm religion, purity, and manifest joy,-
good estimation and extensive fame are greatly
1 This name means ‘the dawn;’ perhaps it may be identified with Av. Usinemangh or Usenemangh of Fravardin Yt. 113, 140, whose wife Freni may possibly be the Farhank (or Franak) of the text.
2 So in TD, but it is probably only a variant of Namfin.
’ The grandfather of Rustam (see § 41). In the Avesta he is usually called Sdma Keresdspa with the title Nairimanau; while in the Shahnémah Sam is son of Nariman.
* Another name for Z4l, the father of Rustam, in the Shahnamah.
5 The same as Sagastan.
® Or, perhaps, ‘the upper district.’
140 BUNDAHIS.
among them. 39. To Damnak the governorship of
Astristén was given; sovereignty and arranging the
law of sovereignty, wilfulness and the stubborn de-
fects they would bring, were among them. 40. To
Sparnak! the governorship of Spahdn? was given ;
to Khisrév the governorship of Rai* was given; to
Margandak the kingdom, forest settlements, and
mountain settlements of Padashkhvargar were
given; where they travel nomadically, and ‘¢here
ave the forming of sheep-folds, prolificness, easy
procreation, and continual triumph over enemies.
41. From Dastan proceeded Ridastam * and Hiza-
varak °.]
CHAPTER XXXII,
1. On the kindred of Périshasp’, soz of Paiti- rasp®, soz of Aurvadasp®, son of Haésadasp”™, son of
* He would seem not to have been a son of Sam, as he is not mentioned before. The reading of all these names is uncertain.
* The Pahlavi form of Ispahan.
® Av. Ragha of Yas. XIX, 51, Vend. I, 60, whose ruins are near the modern Teherfn.
* The usual Pahlavi form of Rustam.
®* Or Afizvérak; Rustam’s brother is called Zava4rah in the Shahnamah,
* This chapter, which is numbered XXXIII by previous trans- lators, is found in all MSS., but in TD it forms a continuation of the preceding chapter, beginning with the name Pérfishasp.
: * Av. Pourushaspa of Yas. IX, 42, 43, Vend. XIX, 15, 22, 143, Abn Yt. 18, &c.
* K2o has Paz. Spitarsp, and M6 has Paz. Pirtrasp (see hote on Chap. XXXIII, 1), The reading in the text is doubtful.
® Omitted in K2o0 and TD.
*° Ay. Haékadaspa of Yas. XLV, 15, LI, 3.
Chapter Xxxi, 39 —Xxxii, 3. 141
a ee ee ee ee
Kakhshnis’, son of Paitirasp, son of Hardarsn ?, son
of Hardar’, son of Spitaman *, son of Vidast °, son of
Ayazem, son of Ragan®, son of Dirdsrdb’, son of
MAantsfihar*. 2. As Paitirasp Aad two sons, one
Pérdshasp and one ArAsti®, by Pérdshasp was Za-
ratist begotten for a sanctuary of good religion ™,
and by ArAsti was Médy6k-mah " begotten. 3. Zara-
tdst, when he brought the religion, first celebrated
? Windischmann suggests Av. Xakhshn6is (gen.) of Fravardin t. 114.
* K2o has Paz. Harsn and TD has Harakidirsnd.
3 TD has Harffdir, or Ardidiar.
* Or Spitém (as the last syllable is the patronymical suffix), Av. Spitama, the usual patronymic of Zarattist.
® May be read V4dist in TD.
* Possibly the same person as Rak in Chap. XXXI, 31; but see XXXIII, 3.
7 So in TD, but Paz. Durdsrun in K20, M6.
® Av. Ardstaya of Fravardin Yt. 95 ; TD has Arastih.
10 The Pazand words darg4 hidainis appear to be merely a misreading of Pahl. dargds-i hidindth.
4 Ay, Maidhyé-maungha of Yas. L, 19, Fravardin Yt. 95, 106. He is said to have been Zaratfist’s first disciple.
142 BUNDAHIS.
worship! azd expounded in Airan-vég, and Médy6k-
mah received the religion from him. 4. The
Moébads? of Pars are all ¢vaced back to this race
of Mantsihar.
5. Again, I say, by Zaratist® were begotten three
sons and three daughters *; one soz was Isadvastar°,
one Adrvatad-nar*, and one Khirshéd-£thar’; as
Isadvastar was chief of the priests he became the
Mébad of Mébads, azd passed away in the hun-
dredth year of the religion; Adrvatad-nar was an
agriculturist, azd the chief of the enclosure formed
by Yim§8, which is below the earth; Khirshéa@-4ihar
was a warrior, commander of the army of Péshyé-
tani, sow of Vistasp, axd dwells in Kangdez*; and
of the three daughters the name of one was Frén, of
one Srit, avd of one Pérufist*®. 6. Afirvatad-nar and
Khirshéa-sihar were from a serving (£akar) wife”,
the rest were from a privileged (padakhshah) wife.
