strings of bells in that Buddha country are moved by the wind, a sweet and enrapturing sound proceeds from them. Yes, O «S3ri- putra, as from a heavenly musical instrument consisting of a hun- dred thousand ko/is of sounds, when played by Aryas, a sweet and enrapturing sound proceeds ; a sweet and enrapturing sound proceeds from those rows of palm trees and strings of bells moved by the wind.
' And when the men there hear that sound, reflection on Buddha arises in their body, reflection on the Law, reflection on the Assembly.'
Compare also below, § 81, and G&taka I, 32.
1 The following enumeration is found word for word in several other Pali Suttas, and occurs also, in almost identical terms, in the Lalita Vistara (Calcutta edition, pp. 14-19).
8 Uposatha, a weekly sacred day; being full-moon day, new- moon day, and the two equidistant intermediate days. Comp. § 21.
252 THE GREAT KING OF GLORY. CH.
the full moon, had purified himself, and had gone
up into the upper story of his palace to keep the
sacred day, there then appeared to him the heavenly
Treasure of the Wheel 1 , with its nave, its tire,
and all its thousand spokes complete,
12. 'When he beheld it the Great King of Glory thought :
4 " This saying have I heard, 1 When a king of
the warrior race, an anointed king, has purified
himself on the Sabbath day, on die day of the
full moon, and has gone up into the upper story
of his palace to keep the sacred day; if there
appear to him the heavenly Treasure of the
Wheel, with its nave, its tire, and all its thousand
spokes complete — that king becomes a king of
kings invincible/ May I, then, become a king of
kings invincible 2 ."
13. 'Then, Ananda, the Great King of Glory
rose from his seat, and reverently uncovering from
one shoulder his robe, he held in his left hand a
pitcher, and with his right hand he sprinkled water
up over the Wheel, as he said :
' " Roll onward, O my Lord, the Wheel ! O my Lord, go forth and overcome!"
14. 'Then the wondrous Wheel, Ananda, rolled
onwards towards the region of the East, and after it
went the Great King of Glory 8 , and with him his
1 -Afakka-ratana/w, where the £akka is the disk of the sun.
2 ^Takkavattird^l
8 Atha kho £akka-ratana/rc puratthimaw disam pavatti anvad eva ra^& Mah&sudassano, &c. Here anvad must be the Sanskrit anva#£. The Lalita Vistara has anveti in the corresponding passage, and the (Phayre Burmese) MS. here reads anud eva. The verb in the second clause must be supplied, as
mahA-sudassana sutta.
army, horses, and chariots, and elephants, and men.
And in whatever place, Ananda, the Wheel stopped,
there the Great King of Glory took up his abode,
and with him his army, horses, and chariots, and
elephants, and men.
15. 'Then, Ananda, all the rival kings in the
region of the East came to the Great King of
Glory and said :
4 44 Come, O mighty king ! Welcome, O mighty
king! All is thine, O mighty king! Do thou, O
mighty king, be a Teacher to us ! "
10. 4 Thus spake the Great King of Glory :
4 44 Ye shall slay no living thing.
4 44 Ye shall not take that which has not been given.
4 44 Ye shall not act wrongly touching the bodily desires.
4 4 4 Ye shall speak no lie.
4 44 Ye shall drink no maddening drink.
4 44 Ye shall eat as ye have eaten \"
17. 4 Then, Ananda, all the rival kings in the
region of the East became subject unto the Great
King of Glory.
1 8. 4 But the wondrous Wheel, Ananda, having
plunged down into the great waters in the East,
rose up out again, and rolled onward, to the region
of the South [and there all happened as had hap-
is the case in the one or two other passages where I have met with this phrase.
1 Yath&bhuttaw bhu/^atha. Buddhaghosa has no comment on this. I suppose it means, 'Observe the rules current among you regarding clean and unclean meats/ If so, the Great King of Glory disregards the teaching of the Amagandha Sutta, quoted in 'Buddhism,' p. 131.
pened in the region of the East. And in like
manner the wondrous Wheel rolled onward to the
extremest boundary of the West and of the North ;
and there, too, all happened as had happened in the
region of the East].
19. ' Now when the wondrous Wheel, Ananda,
had gone forth conquering and to conquer o'er the
whole earth to its very ocean boundary, it returned
back again to the royal city of Kus£vatt and re-
mained fixed on the open terrace in front of the
entrance to the inner apartments of the Great King
of Glory, as a glorious adornment to the inner
apartments of the Great King of Glory.
20. ' Such, Ananda, was the wondrous Wheel which appeared to the Great King of Glory.
21. 1 Now further, Ananda, there appeared to the
Great King of Glory the Elephant Treasure 1 ,
all white, sevenfold firm 2 , wonderful in power, flying
through the sky — the Elephant-King, whose name
was " The Changes of the Moon 8 ."
22. 'When he beheld it the Great King of Glory was pleased at heart at the thought :
1 Hatthi-ratana.
2 Satta-ppatittho, that is, perhaps, in regard to its four legs, two tusks, and trunk. The expression is curious, and Buddha- ghosa has no note upon it. It is quite possible that it merely sig- nifies ' exceeding firm/ the number seven being used without any hard and fast interpretation.
8 Uposatho. In the Lalita Vistara its name is 'Wisdom' (Bodhi). Uposatha is the name for the sacred day of the moon's changes — first, and more especially the full-moon day; next, the new-moon day; and lastly, the days equidistant between these two. It was therefore a weekly sacred day, and, as Childers says, may often be well rendered ' Sabbath.'
* " Auspicious were it to ride upon that Elephant, if only it would submit to be controlled ! "
23. 'Then, Ananda, the wondrous Elephant — like
a fine elephant of noble blood long since well
trained — submitted to control.
24. ' When as before, Ananda, the Great King of
Glory, to test that wondrous Elephant, mounted on
to it early in the morning, it passed over along the
broad earth to its very ocean boundary, and then
returned again, in time for the morning meal, to the
royal city of Kusfivatl \
25. 4 Such, Ananda, was the wondrous Elephant that appeared to the Great King of Glory.
26. * Now further, Ananda, there appeared to the
Great King of Glory the Horse Treasure 2 , all
white with a black head, and a dark mane, wonderful
in power, flying through the sky — the Charger-King,
whose name was " Thunder-cloud V
27. ' When he beheld it, the Great King of Glory was pleased at heart at the thought :
' " Auspicious were it to ride upon that Horse if only it would submit to be controlled ! "
28. 'Then, Ananda, the wondrous Horse — like
1 Compare on this and § 29 my 'Buddhist Birth Stories,' p. 85, where a similar phrase is used of Kanthaka.
2 Assa-ratanaw.
8 Valahako. Compare the Valdhassa Gataka (FausbSll, No. 196, called in the Burmese MS. Valahakassa G&taka), of which the Chinese story translated by Mr. Beal at pp. 332-340 of his ' Romantic History/ &c, is an expanded and altered version. In the Valahaka Sawyutta of the Sa/rcyutta Nikaya the spirits of the skies are divided into U«ha-valahaka Deva, Sita-valahaki Devd, Abbha-valahaka Deva, Vata-valahaka Devd, and Vassa- valahaka Deva, that is, the cloud-spirits of cold, heat, air, wind, and rain respectively.
a fine horse of the best blood long since well trained — submitted to control.
29. ' When as before, Ananda, the Great King of
Glory, to test that wondrous Horse, mounted on to
it early in the morning, it passed over along the
broad earth to its very ocean boundary, and then
returned again, in time for the morning meal, to the
royal city of Kusdvatl.
30. 4 Such, Ananda, was the wondrous Horse that appeared to the Great King of Glory.
31. 'Now further, Ananda, there appeared to the
Great King of Glory the Gem-Treasure 1 . That
Gem was the Ve/uriya, bright, of the finest species,
with eight facets, excellently wrought, clear, trans-
parent, perfect in every way.
32. ' The splendour, Ananda, of that wondrous Gem spread round about a league on every side.
33. 'When as before, Ananda, the Great King
of Glory, to test that wondrous Gem, set all his
fourfold army in array and raised aloft the Gem
upon his standard top, he was able to march out in
the gloom and darkness of the night
34. 'And then too, Ananda, all the dwellers in
the villages, round about, set about their daily work,
thinking, " The daylight hath appeared."
35. * Such, Ananda, was the wondrous Gem that appeared to the Great King of Glory.
36. * Now further, Ananda, there appeared to the
Great King of Glory the Woman-Treasure 8 ,
graceful in figure, beautiful in appearance, charming
in manner, and of the most fine complexion ; neither
1 Ma«i-ratana/B.
2 Itthi-ratanam.
very tall, nor very short; neither very stout, nor
very slim ; neither very dark, nor very fair ; sur-
passing human beauty, she had attained unto the
beauty of the gods \
37. 1 The touch too, Ananda, of the skin of that
wondrous Woman was as the touch of cotton or of
cotton wool : in the cold her limbs were warm, in
the heat her limbs were cool ; while from her body
was wafted the perfume of sandal wood and from
her mouth the perfume of the lotus.
38. 1 That Pearl among Women too, Ananda, used
to rise up before the Great King of Glory, and after
him retire to rest ; pleasant was she in speech, and
ever on the watch to hear what she might do in
order so to act as to give him pleasure.
39. 4 That Pearl among Women too, Ananda, was
never, even in thought, unfaithful to the Great King
of Glory — how much less then could she be so with
the body !
40. 1 Such, Ananda, was the Pearl among Women who appeared to the Great King of Glory.
41. * Now further, Ananda, there appeared unto
the Great King of Glory a Wonderful Trea-
surer 2 , possessed, through good deeds done in a
1 The above description of an ideally beautiful woman is of frequent occurrence.
2 Gahapati-ratana/rc. The word gahapati has been hitherto usually rendered 'householder/ but this may often, and would certainly here, convey a wrong impression. There is no single word in English which is an adequate rendering of the term, for it connotes a social condition now no longer known among us. The gahapati was the head of a family, the representative in a village community of a family, the pater familias. So the god of fire, with allusion to the sacred fire maintained in each house- hold, is called in the Rig-veda the gri hap ati, the pater familias,
258 THE GREAT KING OF GLORY. CH.
former birth, of a marvellous power of vision by
which he could discover treasure, whether it had an
owner or whether it had not.
42. 1 He went up to the Great King of Glory, and said :
' " Do thou, O king, take thine ease ! I will deal with thy wealth even as wealth should be dealt with."
43. 4 Then, as before, Ananda, the Great King of
Glory, to test that wonderful Treasurer, went on
board a boat, and had it pushed out into the current
in the midst of the river Ganges. Then he said to
the wonderful steward :
4 44 1 have need, O Treasurer, of yellow gold !"
4 44 Let the ship then, O Great King, go alongside either of the banks."
4 44 It is here, O Treasurer, that I have need of yellow gold."
44. 4 Then the wonderful Treasurer reached down to the water with both his hands, and drew up a jar