Free tr. This know I, Mazda, wherefore foiled I wander,
My flocks so small, and following so feeble;
To Thee in grief I cry behold it, Master,
Thy grace vouchsafing me as friend bestows on friend,
Showing with pureness* Thy Good Mind’s riches best! dést5 yehabined; (e) pavan amikhtishno (sic) i!? Vohtiman, [amat pavan frardndih'® amikht6 yekavimtinam']; zak i!? Aharayih ist* am [yehabtinai]!
‘See P. throughout. ?D. hémananam (sic). *DJ. om. ‘so D., M., Sp.; DJ. seems
astob®, or ait6®(?). *DJ. ich. *DJ. “tunam. 7D. “mananam (? sic), ® DJ. om. va, ® DJ. mes lee 21), “shnom: **D. ins. 1 late, **D. om. f. ** so D.
Pahl. transl. I am aware of that, O Atharmazd, I who am this not- (favoured*) suppliant* (or ‘no gainer* of my prayer’), [that is, I know why this is an impossibility to’ me]; (b) since my flock is small, [that is, my wealth is little] and since also I am provided with few men (hardly ‘since I am an insignificant person’) {that is, since my champion and my weapons are defective, I know also from what cause zt 7s thus|; (c) I therefore complain to Thee of it; behold this, O Atharmazd, [that is, seek me a remedy], (d) and grant me rejoicing and my desire (possibly a quasi compositum ‘ Thou* having a desire for my rejoicing’) which* a friend gives to his friend; (e) through (or ‘on account of’) the teaching of Vohtiman, [that is, since I am instructed in piety, give me] the wealth of Holiness.
Ner.’s sansk. text. Vedmi tat* yad asmi, Mahajhanin, aprarthayita*, {kila, me idath agaktitvarzh kimartham iti vedmi]; (b) aharh kimhchit* na saiichayah, [kila, me vibhitih*! kithchittara*|, yachcha kichit* naro ’smi, {kila, me sainyar* gastranicha kithchittarani*, idaricha kimartham iti vedmi]; (c) krandami Tvayi*; tad etat* dlokaya, Svamin, [kila, mahyar upayamh sami- hasva]; (d) pramodaih samthitaih cha [deh] yan mitrari mitraya dadati, (e)
242 ‘XLVI. 2, 3.
cikshaya Uttamasya punyalakshmith* Manasah; {chet sadvyaparataya cikshito ’smi, tan mahyam prasddai dehi]. ** J.*, J.*, °tim.
Ner. transl. I know this wherefore*! I am no prospered (?) supplicant (or perhaps ‘one who does not attain his prayer’), |i. e. I know from what cause this my impotence exists]; (b) in no respect am I wealthy*, [that is, my property is most insignificant*], and that (or ‘ wherefore’) I am possessed* of* few* men* (so better (see the Pahl.), or possibly ‘and wherefore Iam an insignificant* man’) I also know, [that is, my army and my weapons are most* insignificant, and why this is thus I also know]; (c) I lament to* Thee, regard it therefore, Lord, [that is, seek (or ‘devise’) a remedy (or ‘ relief’) for me]; (d) and bestow upon me that wished-for joy which a friend bestows
Verbatim transl. (with paraphrase). Quando, (vel ‘Nonne*’ prorsus* progredientur), O Mazda, eae cogitationes a Te inspiratae*?] qui [i. e. quae] illustrantes*! dierum [sint, i. e. quae nostras res gestas et gerendas luce prosperitatis illustrent*] (b) vitae [vel ‘ populi*’(?)] sustentationi [i.e. ad vitam*] (prorsus) Sanctitatis [in civibus nostris sustinendam, prorsus successu, i. e. ad finem propositum suum] progrediuntur[-ientur*]? (c) [Quando progredien- tur], sublimibus** hortationis-doctrinis [nobis] bene-facturorum*-prophetarum- principum cogitationes*??; (d) [et] quibus, i.e. ad quos etiam in| auxilio[-ium per] Bona[-nam] accedat{-det] Mente[-tem ille* amicus princeps nobis opes (ad annisum* sacrum nostrum necessarias) impertiens (vide stropham II (2))]? (e) Mihi [tamen; i. e., quod ad me attinet] Te [ipsum] duci-docenti [i.e. ut meum ducem-docentem] eligo [et precibus aggressus in partes meas induco], O Ahura.
“ Utrum yertere possimus ‘auctores** dierum’; i. e. ‘prosperitatem et felicitatem dierum eorum efficientes et augentes’, vel ‘quando assurgent aurorac’? *? ‘cogitationes prophetarum poetarum in hymnis suis metricis enuntiatae’, vel ‘consilia proposita ex- cogitata de nostra salute hac et illic, et cogitationes nos scientia rerum omnino (sub-
tilium et gravium) instruentes, quando prorsus successu haec cogitationes* progredientur ? ** vel fortasse ‘potenter*-efficacibus*’ (?).
Pahl. text translit. ‘Aimaté zak dahishnid, Atharmazd, [aigh, zak da- manak} aimat yamtinéd] amat vakhshinidar i? rajand, frashakard-kardar, jaigh, dén yom kar va kirfak afzdyinénd], (b) dén ahvan pavan pédakih,
rte
Xlvi. 2. 3. 243
upon a friend; (e) [grant me] thus holy* wealth* through the instruction of the Best Mind; [if I am jirs¢ instructed in (or ‘through’) good conduct, do Thou then vouchsafe me tts reward]. *! Or ‘that’,
Parsi-persian Ms. trit, Agah hastam &n, kih hastam, Ormuzd, (nah, +) na* + kh(v)astar [] hastam = hdminam)], [kt [| [chiz = mandém] n&-tuvani chih [] [nah* = /a) (danam] * (b) Man kih kam-gurth [ [] [hastam = hdmdéinam] khezinah kam], va kih ham kam-mard hastam [kfm [ [] shak (vel ‘shuka’** (?))= giind (sic) [] afzar kam ham danam, kt, chih ra] * (c)Gharzam dn [pésh* = levin] Tt, an} [] [Bahman = Vahéman| bin, Ormuzd*; [kim charah [| [kun = vagtin*], [man hastam(?) = ra héminam]] (a) [] [ramishn + ma-ra =rdmishnam**] ka* (sic pro kamah) kih [yak = (a)dak*] dost (vel ‘dist’) an a [digar = zakd] dést* dehad *% (e) pah Amfikhtan ¢ Bahman, [kih pah neki amikht [} [éstéd = jakndmeinéd*] an 7 Savib khezinah ma-ra [dehi = -7*] 3
Free tr. When come, Ahura, they the day’s light-givers
Of life’s true Law* the stay, and forwards pressing,
Wise plans of prophets each with potent teaching?
To whom for help comes too the Good Mind’s server ?
Thee for my teacher, Mazda Lord, I seek! [ashkarak fraz pavan Aharayih fravaménd], (c) pavan varzishné amfikh- tishn6* (sic) i* zak f stid-homandan khiradét [aétind chigind min Dind* pé- dak]? (d) Avé mtin zak sid‘+? pavan Vohtiman yamtinéd?, [aigh, zak mozd pavan frarainih bara yehabtind, avd mfin yehabtind']? (e) Li hand i? Lak amikhtishnd* (sic) ddsham, Attharmazd.
* See P. throughout. ? D, ins. 7. * DJ. om. * DJ. om. sfid.
Pahl. transl. When /s that dispensation*, O Atharmazd, {that is, when does that time come] when the increaser* of days* the Producer-of-comple- ted-progress zs bestowed upon us?, [that is, they wéll cause duty and good works to increase in that day]; (b) when és it that they advance forth pub- licly*! [and manifestly*!] in the world, by means of (or ‘in regard’) to Holiness, (c) and also through the teaching of the practices, those inereasers (so of course after the Gatha) which are (or ‘which instruction zs’) the wisdom of the benefactors [so as it is (or ‘as they are’) manifest from the Religion]? (d) To whom is that advantage thus approaching by means of a Good Mind? [that is, they will bestow that reward on account* of* piety, but to whom z2// they give it?]; (e) this Thy teaching, O Adharmazd, do I love (or ‘for me (myself = li (sic, see the Gatha)) this Thy teaching do I love (or ‘choose’), *! Perhaps pedakih here = ‘creation’ later sense, which would be near the Gatha, but see gl.
Ner.’s sansk. text. Kada t4*! datayo*, Mahajianin, ya vikAcayitryo ahnarh ? [akshayakarah? kila, sa kalah kadé prapnoti yatra’ntar dineshu karyaui punyam pravardhayanti]? (b) Bhuvane parisphutath prakrishtari punyatayé prabruvanti (c) karmasu ciksharh labhamatarh buddheh, [evar yatha Dinitah
944 XLVI. 3, 4.
prakatarh]; (d) keshu labhah Uttamena prapnoti Manasa, [kila, tar prasddarh yaih sadvydparataya dadate, kebbyo*? dadate?|?; (e) ahath Te cikshaim samihe, Svamin, [Dinimn Te]. *? So J.4. *? so. JL.
Ner. transl. When are those gifts! (?) bestowed (or ‘those creations* to appear’), O Great Wise One, which are the illuminators*? (so correctly*?, but meaning ‘which are increasers*?’) of the days, [the gifts that make im- perishable (or ‘produce the ‘Indestructibility, i. e. the future life’), that is, when is that time to come when they shadl increase holy action within the dins]? (b) They are praising*? forth in a distinguished* manner* (or ‘ openly’) in the world and with sanctity (c) the doctrine of the wisdom of the beneficial ones in* their deeds {and proclaiming it as evidently from the Din], (d) dut in what deeds* (or ‘among whom’) does that beneficial-acquisition come through
easy eyes) gdul aaserayos.cogeeny ened s oper: 43 4, Text. aly Co sul 22s body aye oeeel blo “BH “beayregurs ways} eb HIGH) ALyIsN Ed ADAH YY -aufbiwelorg su ly aprgroanay, padre +3096 596 1) Carpsody -GEreDsN IMD aewlay aprbesype wppsGay ewe BD epee-bne
Verbatim transl. Sic, [quod ad] hos [ministros-sustinentes (vide stropham
Ill (?)) attinet quos vir] scelestus (quos) [ut] Sanctitatis, [i.e. sanctae civitatis] ministros-agricolas detineat* (b) Boves[-oum] [a] promotionis*!{-ione*!, i. e.a prosperitate Boum efficienda in] provinciae[-cid] vel [in] regionis|-ione] (vel), (c) male-invocans*?, [i.e, mala voluntate instigatus daemones invocans| ens* |i.e. est, infidelis et] suis actionibus vitam-(vel ‘animam’)-suam-consumptam- habens*, [sed horum agricolarum sic ab illo detentorum (i.e. retardationis eorum) ultio ad-postremum veniet; et de illo retentore hoc supplicium sumetur ; id est, ut sequitur dicetur]: (d) ille] qui (ut ultor] hunc [scelestum infidelem-reten- torem] e-Regno, [i.e. ex Potestate-regali], O Mazda, per-ictum-ejiciat e-vitae [-ta] vel, (€) ille(-ipse*) [hic ultus, in] hos [has] prorsus Boves{-oum] vias*(?) [et in] bonae sapientiae [vias** prorsus et uno tenore] progrediatur [vel -ietur], [i.e. und cum Bove ut pecuarius diligens et aptus in et per has* vias* (sacras (etsi tritas) Bovem ad prosperitatem et incrementum ducentes) prorsus progrediatur]. "Vel lege froréitéis. ‘a jucunda pace et prosperitate Boum’. *? vel = ‘duzh + hazah+- vao=potentia maligna daemonica praeditus’. *vel ‘ahu--mustd=populum*-(sibi devotum)- deceptum-habens’ (sic ad verbum), vel ‘dominus fallax, i.e. imago falsa domini’, vel ‘a + hém +must6**—=non-gratiosus’ (mud); vel ‘A + hém + usté = yalde convulneratus, consumptus (ush = ardere, consumere)’, vel ‘a + hém + mugto = valde deceptus’. ** vide Y. XXXTI, 9; vel ‘ad Boum pascua* progrediatur’, vel (tentemus iterum) ‘pascua, [i. e. copiam-pabuli] sapientiae’ [i.e. ‘pabulum sapientia-providenti in egestates et asperitates hiemis] praeparet’.
Xlvi. 3, 4. 245
the Good Mind?, [that is, for what actions* (or ‘to whom’) do they give*# that reward which they bestow** through (or ‘on account of’) good conduct]? (e) Thy doctrine, O Lord, do I desire, [that is, Thy Din].
** How far Ner. while putting down intelligible words intended to express their
combined meaning is here (as often elsewhere) of course a question. *? only accidentally correct. ** NB. he read Pahl. frandménd. **dadate = ‘give’ here not ‘take’.
Parsi-persian Ms. trit. [] Kih = amat] an pédaish (or ‘paiday®’), Ormuzd*, [kt, an zaman kai rasad], kih [raz = jom (sic)| afztni-kunandah ¢ rizha (r)istakhéz? [kt andar yfiz kar u kirfah [{kardir = k-} afztini-kunad] * (b) Andar jiban pah pédai (or ‘paida’), [zahir], fraz pavan™ (sic) Savab rayad (2); [An mard afztni-kunandah = zak gabna* (sic) vakhshintdari* (2)] *% (c) Pah yarzishn [u= va] amikhtan* 7 4n 7 stidman- dan khirad-[-mandan = -héméndan*] [édin chim az Din péda (or ‘paida’)] (d) an kih An sid pah Bahman rasad, [kfi 4n muzd pah bahi* bih dehad, an kih dehad, [Bahman = Va- homan*]? %* (e)Man in i Ta* Amikhtan khvaham, Ormuzd, [Din i Ta = Din t Lak) 7
Free tr. Who bear our Law*, these saints the faithless foeman
From wealth of herds doth hold with evil power*;
By his own deeds he cheats his folk* of weal;
Who him from life and rule shall hurl expelling
Fields* for the Kine with prospered skill he spreads.
Pahl. transl. Thus they who ave the wicked are hindering him who is the doer of righteousness, [that is, they are hindering such as would perform duty and good works]; they are keeping him (such an one) back, (b) and the Herd also from advancing, (that is, they are hindering him from gifts to others], they are retarding him in the District and in the Province. (c) He who is thus involved in unlawful violence has thus* died down through this* his own act, [that is, it is a decease* to him]; (d) but in that sovereignty, O Attharmazd, when it shall have arrived they are*! to be opposed*, [that is, they need to hold them back from sinj, and they, such evil doers, are there- Jore to be smitten*?, (e) while he, the husbandman* (varzidar*) whose is the making of a provision for* those, the Herds, with continuous advance, does*?
946 XLVI. 4, 5.
(or ‘must*? do (?) so’) more intelligently, [that is, his is (or ‘ought to be’) the more skilful execution of care of the Herds].
*!,Or possibly ‘theirs is the opposing’; the context only ean decide whether the passive “to be opposed’ or act. ‘opposing’ is intended. ** we should hesitate as much to accept the passive as the active sense here; kfinishnd may be used infinitively, or as fut. part.
Ner.’s sansk. text. Evaii te durgatinah ye Dharmatn samAcharatah rakshanti*! (b) Gath samadecat, [kila, yah kAryath punyara kurute tasya Gam danat kebhyacchit pratiskhalanti*] decgeshu va? grAmeshu va. (c) Dushto balat- kari* bhavati, sviyaih karmabhih adho mritah, [kila, apajivo* bhavati]. (d) Prapte rajye, Mahajnanin, pratidvandvayitaro* hantéro va, [kila, manushyan papat anyathé samihante dharturi*’|. (e) Ete te prakrishtam gavaih samtheshu* sunirvanajfianatarakarmanah, [kila, pratiyatnarh gopactinaih suparijianataya* kurvanti]. *! Corrected from °kshati. *? so J.%, JA "8 so J.3, Jt.