* Vide Ahuram ut architectum et effectorem mundi in hoc capite ubique; vel, altera traductio : ‘quo modo personae (sic) optim#e, [i. e. sancto-principi-nostro] primum (c) in- ~el-gratum-faciendo bene facere [faciam] qui ea* hakurena, [i.e. auxilia gratiae, insti- cate, ritus et sacrificii], vide S. I (1) instimulans-miserit*, [i. e. constituit*] ? * vel ‘de exitio’ (adverbialiter), *% yel ‘O Spiritus’.
Pahl. text translit. Zak i min Lak pirsém rastd avo li yemalelinai, Atharmazd; (b) kadar dén ahvand pahlimih! fratim, faigh, frattim? minda- vam aé? ghalt bavihand, maman® pahlim]? (c) Man pavan khvahishnd sido dahishné, [amat ghal* bavihind sid yehabiinéd] mtin pavan zak ¢ kola II (do)® bavihtinéd? [navak® navak® Avestak® Zand]; (d) maman zak! aité aigh amat pavan Aharayib [yakhsenundtt pavan frardinih], afzayinad!? valmanich?3 } Taspataké* [vindskardar], pavan harvisp6'® [damané‘7], (e) sardar pavan minivadih pavan kola Il (d6) ahvan[Dind*], 18 déstih Attharmazd, fyazishno'9 a * See P. throughout. ?DJ. om. * DJ. other sign for aé; D. aé. ‘DJ. avd.
: ) ). Ins. mindavam (late). ®see P. ins. 7 DJ., D. ins. after; see P. ® see P.
Saal te a
XLIV. 2. 4 185 yishn an kih édin niyayishn 7 Raktim* (sic) [Din], (c) Hormuzd*, déstam* dehad[], [ava Ardibahisht = rodman* Ardibahisht*|, Shuma barabar razamandi; hast pah him- mat, {kim razamandi[]4n zaman kih pah kardari + kardan chand tuyan barAbar Ta bad (so) istam (sv)] % (d) Edan ma pah Sawab (an*? sic= at (?) dost* deham (?) []; [kat pah néki shagird [] [deh = ddbin]] * (e) Kdtin an [] [= Rak) ma& pah Bahman rasid (?) 4% *1 Sometimes plainly written Hér®, sometimes Or®. (NB. vis used for w = English v here.)
Free tr. Thus ask I Thee, aright, Ahura, tell me,
How that best world’s chief Lord serving to honour,
Pleasing to serve Him who this* requireth
For through the Right he holds ruin from all men,
Guardian in Spirit, for both worlds, friend!
Ner.’s sansk. text. Tat Tvattah prichchhami satyari, me brahi, Svamin, [kila’ham satyarh prichchhami]; (b) kith antar bhuvane utkrishtataraih pra- thamaih, {kila, prathamam kitnchit* yat vanchhati; kim utkrishtatarar] ? (c) Ko labhasya data, [kamukebhyah labhaii ko dadati?], yah tasmin dvitaye [navarh navarh] samihate [Avistavachi Avistéarthe cha]? (d) Sa yatah punyena pravardhayati nyicamsat (? -sin*), [kila, sadvydpdrataya dadhati papakdri- taran*] sarvadai’va, (e) svimi paraloke bhuvanadvaye "pi mitro Mahajiidninah [Dinimitrah]. +J.* aye. * 4, as often, carelessly written for the ae n.
ae XLIV. 2, 3.
Ner. transl. This 1 ask of Thee truly (see gloss), tell me, O Lord, [that is, I* ask(?) truly]: (b) ‘What is the first and best thing in the world, [that is, the first thing which he (or ‘one’) desires?; which is the more (or ‘most’) excellent]? (c) Who is the giver of the benefit, [that is, who gives the gain to those who desire it], and to him who desires it in connection with the two-fold thing [again and again, that is (in, or ‘for’) the Avista-word and the Avista-interpretation]?, (d) because he* (?) increases* the repentance* (2) of the homicides*, through (or ‘in’) Sanctity, [that is, because he establishes ' the sinful ones in good conduct] for ever, (e) a ruler as he és in the world
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Verbatim transl., etc. Hoc Te interrogo, recte mihi dic, Ahura; (b) quis- nam* genitura [vel ‘in sua stirpe’ fuit*!] pater. Sanctitatis primus ?; (¢) quis- nam solem [i. e., soli] stellamque [stellisque] statuit viam* [semper tam cer- tam]?; (d) quis [eam legem naturae constituit secundum] qua[-am] luna crescit [et] decrescit [alius atque] Te [Tu]*2?; (e) haec omnino, O Mazda volo, [i-e., precibus petam], aliaque scire. *1 Vel fortasse significat zéthva ‘gignens’ gerund (sic). Utrum fieri possit ut Thyad(t)* responsum sit: [‘Immo crescit et decrescit, ete.] a Te, [i e. vi Tuae potestatis procreatricis’, sic omnibus his interrogationibus responderem]. Vel (tentemus semel iterum) ‘a* Te* haec-omnino, O A., yolo* scire*’.
pasce PP, *D. om. /°.D3e ines vant Dieeane: i(?). ®DJ. fratimak (?). °M. om. 2° DJ,, Wiens.) 1.524 DJ.;'D. nth,
Pahl. transl. That which I ask of Thee tell me aright, O Atharmazd; (b) from whom (lit. whose, see d gloss) was the production [the procreation of Ashavahisht?; whose also zs he (or ‘who also 7s he* (ash as nom. (?)) who was] at* first father of Aharayth ?, [that is, who first provided him with nourishment] ?; (c) who gave the path Jor (or ‘of’) the sun and the stars, [i. e. who gave them their way]?; (d) from whom is it when the moon waxes [S.A
‘Xliv. 2, 3. 187
beyond and a friend also of the Great Wise One in the two worlds, [that is, .a friend through* the Din]. ** Or reading at ‘from sin’ (?).
Parsi-persian Ms. trit. Anz az Tt pursam, rast an man g6* (so), Hérmuzd (or ‘Or®’); (b) kudam andar jihan bulandi avval, [kfi, avval chiz [] 6 (?) khvahad chih, [chiz = mandim] buland]? * (c)kih pah khydhishn sid dahishn, [kih 6 (?) khvahad std, dehad] kih pah an ¢ har da[ []{nuh (sic lege no) nuh (sic) =nuh(?) nuh(?)] khvahad {[az=mmiin}.[] Avesta u Zand] ?; (d) chih an hast kit kih pah Savab [darad*, pah néki] afzayad, fi ham ¢ bad [= raspatah] [gunah-kartar* (sic) [bid = jantind] ], pah tamam [pédaish*] (ec) sardar pah mint pah har da jihan [Din], dost* ¢ Hormuzd, [[] [Yazdan 7 veh — Yahan* shapir] | s
Free tr. Thus ask I Thee, aright, Ahura, tell me, Who in production first was Asha’s father ?
Who suns and stars save Thee their path hath given? Who thins the waning moon, or waxing filleth;
This and still other works Lord would I know.
and wanes ?; dost Thou*! cause this (or: ‘és ¢t from* Thee*!?’); [from whom are its increase and diminishing]?; (e) this is also my desire, O Atharmazd, and that also which ¢s information as to other things, [that is, I will (would) know stéil/* more*], ** Perhaps Lak belongs with line e: ‘This is also my wish from** Thee, etc.’. Ner.’s sansk. text. Tat Tvattah' prchchhami satyari, me brahi, Sva- min, [kil#@har satyarh prichchami]; (b) ko jananeh* pita punyasya pratha- mari, [kila, prathamath sadvydparatvain* kacchakre]? (c) Kah? stiryasya tarakanaii cha dadau padavith, [kila, margazh teshar ko? dadau]? (d) Kasmat, yat chandrah unmilati nimilaticha!; Te, [kila’sya vriddhiht kshaya¢cha® kas- mat}? (e) Tach cha, Mahajdnin, vaiichhaye; anyasya cha‘ vetta’smi, [kila jAndmi]? *P. ?J.* ins, first hand on marg. °J.4 ins, *J,* *echa. © J.* asya, Ner. transl. This I ask thee aright (see gloss), tell me, O Lord, i. e. I ask (?) aright]; (b) who was at first the father of* the creation of Sanc- tity, [that is, who first produced good* conduct*]?; (c) who gave their path to* the sun and the stars, [that is, who gave them their way]?; (d) from whom is it when the moon waxes and wanes? Is* i¢* Thy work? [That is, from whom are her increase and diminution]?; (e) this, O Great Wise One, I desire to understand, and of another thing I am (sic) already cognizant (through* Thine* instruction*), (that is, I understand it]. ** or ‘from*(?) creation’. . Parsi-persian Ms. trit. An ¢ az Ta pursam rast an man gd* Hérmuzd; (b) [az = min] kih péda*-kunandah? [[] kih azash kih] pidar 7 Savab avval, [kfish ayval parvyar- tari*(?) mfn (sic) kard]?; # (c) kih kharshéd u sitarah dad [] [ [] rah ¢ dshan kih dad]?; * (d) az kih, kih mah afziyad + afzi**(sic) [] kéhad; Ta? %, [kash afzdyishn + afzfidan, u kéhishn + u + k@stan az kih]? * (e) An ham am, Hormuzd kamah, an ham 7 digar agah-dahishn[—i = ¢—], [ka bih dinam] ** ** Or ‘paidé’, so also in“y. 8 (d). eee ge ee ee
188 XLIV. 4, 5.
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Atharmazd, va Vohiman dam, [aigh, i Vohtmand dam!? mtin!*]? *D. ins. i. ? P., DJ., D., M. ins. ash. * see P. *so DJ., D.; K.*, M. aé, *see P. * DJ. ins. va (?), ™seeP. ®*DJ., D., M., K.*, om.; see Bo and Ner.- 2 so DJ, W);) poss: ajiizénd, see N. and P. trl. * P. rak(?). 14 see P. ins. min. 1? DJ. D. ins. i. 1% see P. Pahl. transl. That which I ask of Thee, tell me aright, Adharmazd; (b) who supports the earth in its non-support? [that is, a single supporter of the world there is not] (c) in cts non-falling* [for this I know that it will not fall]? Who made the waters, and the plants?; (d) from whom is 7# when they yoke*t-on the wind and the cloud, swift ones as they are, [for their*? (spontaneous”) activity]?; (e) whose*® O Attharmazd, (see P. az min) is also
Verbatim transi., etc. Hoc Te interrogo, recte mihi dic, Ahura; (b) quis, artifex-bonus, lumina[(?) fortasse lumina in domibus* (?), vel ‘lumina stellarum’,
Xl. 4,5. ' 189
Free tr. This ask I Thee, aright, Ahura, tell me,
Who ever* earth and sky from falling guardeth?
Who hath save* Thee* brought forth rivers and forests
Who with the winds hath yoked storm-clouds spanned* racers* Who of the Good Mind’s grace ever was source?
the creation(?) of Vohiman, [that is, of** Vohiman whose* is the creation]? *1 Oy ‘they move on quickly’ (aytizénd). ** reading Pers. lak for ayo: ‘ds ct Thine efficiency which produces this’, see y. 8, d. ** or poss. ‘who (?) is the creation of Vohiman’? ** this gloss is to emphasize the gen.
‘Ner.’s sansk. text. pirvoktavat jieyam. (b) Ko dhatte jagatim cha an- adharatvet "pi, [kila, adharo jagatya? na’sti] (c) anipatinith? [Idarhcha vedmi yat na nipatati]; kah* apo vanaspatimcha [dadau]?; (d) kasmat vata? arbbu- dagcha upakramanti acu, [satkaryaya‘]?; (e) ka Uttamasya, Mahajianin, srishtir Manasah? [Gvahmanasya srishtih ka]?
*P.; J.“ amadhyaratve. *so J.5, J.*, J.4, P., C. ? so J.4. 4J.* satyak-, J. satk®,
Ner. transl. (a) To be understood as above. (b): Who holds the world in a non-supported state ?, [that is, there is no support for the earth; how as this?]; (c) and who secures its non-falling, [for this I know that it does not fall]?; who [made] the waters, and the tree(s)?; (d) by whom do the winds and the clouds advance rapidly* (reading ‘aytizénd’) [for beneficence] ?; (e) what is the creation of the best, (i. e. of the Good) Mind, O Great Wise One?, [that is, what is the creation of Gvahmana?].
Parsi-persian Ms. trit. An ¢@ az Tu pursam, rast 4n man go (sic) Hormuzd; (b) kih darad zamin pah na-darishn [ki[-sh = -ash] [] [dashtan = ddshtan] [] 7 géti nist]? (c) [] [6 (vel ‘i’) bih = val** bana*] uftadan [é in (?) dinam kit bih nah uftad]; * kih av u firvar [dad]? (d){] [kih = min] kih*, kih* bad abr* (sic corr.)* (sic?) balatar (sic videtur, sed fortasse sit legendum ‘balantar*’ (?) vel melius balanad = ‘facit ut se moveant*’) tiz[[] [n. tr. pro rak (sic videtur, cf. stropham III, lak= tvad(t))], khvésh- kari ?]; ** (c) [az = min] kih Hormuzd, [] Bahman pédaish*!, [ki Bahman pédaish*+ - kih [dehad = ddbiinéd] *? * Vel ‘paidayish’.
Free tr. This ask I Thee, aright, Ahura, tell me,
Who with skilled* hand* the lights* made?; who the darkness?
Who, with wise* deed* hath giv’n sleep and our waking* ?
Who hath Auroras spread, noontides, and midnights,
Warning discerning man, calling to toil? sed vide stropham III] dedit [et creavit], tenebras-que? (¢) Quis, artificiosus, somnum vitamque-sedulam, |i. e. expergefactionem]; (d) quis ea [eas creavit] quae*! auroras|-rae sint], meridies, noctesque, (e) quae [ut] monitores {virum] intelligentem [-sanctum] officii [de officio ejus] monent|-neant]] ?
‘Vel ‘quis (constituit eam legem] secundum-quam aurorae etc.: {immo secundum] quam [vel ‘ut (ya = yéna)’] monitores [moneant - -]’; ve lege ‘yao = quae aur, sint’,
190 XLIV. 5, 6.
A Aa
Pahl. text translit. Zak} i min Lak pirsém!, rasté avé li yemalelinai, Atharmazd; (b) min pavan? ht-ayafaki* [sic] réshanih yehabinds? Man tarikih?; (c) min pavan hi-aydfaki** khvap** yehabind va ztvy-havandth [va tikhshakth’]?; (d) man hish® rapisavin (or rapithavin’) va® lélya [hishand va rapisavin (or ‘rapithavin’’) va damanak is lélya min yehabiind] (e) min padmané i valman i aimar vijardar pavan dina, [aigh, zak damAnako i? amat Sdshans’? yamtinéd!? min yehabtind]?
*D, ins. i, *D, om. pavan. *so DJ.; see P. *so D.; DJ. diff. spell’g. on marg. K.° bidarih. °D. ins. va. ™so D.; see P.: *D. insist = DP ing. is 190 DS,