(or ‘the primeval’) law]. *! Conjunctively used; see the Pahl., or read chetasi(?) = ‘what Thou thinkest’.
Free tr. That path which Thou wilt declare, and show as the Good Mind’s pathway Is the prophets’ creed, and by it the beneficent thrives* from his justice Since it sets to the good a reward of which Thou art Thyself the bestower.
vigebit], (c) quoniam designabatur [-netur, -abitur viris-] officia-sua-bene-per- ficientibus (vel ‘sapientibus’ ut) praemium, (vel, simpliciter, et fortasse melius, ‘designet[-abit haec via] praemium’), Mazda, cujus [praemii] Tu datorem [dator sis].
Pahl. text translit. ‘Zak? rds i? pavan Vohtiman avo‘ li yemaleltinai, Atharmazd [ras i® avd tamman am bara yemalelin], (b) atght Dind* i stid- homandan [tamman sattinéd] min dén zak® pavan ht-kardarth, [amatash? Din6d* i nafshman khipd kardé yekavimtinéd], ash min Aharayih hi-ravakh- manih, (c) manat chdshidd avé valman i® hti-danak! mozd i Atharmazd, [aighat? gift ait], mtin dén zak? avd valman® Lak! yehabtini-ait, [dén zak i
150 XXXIV. 13; 14:
Garddmand hana aigh avodch® li yehabtinih]. +See P. 2? DJ. ins. i. ?D. ins. i. : DJ. ghal. ')D.vom. i. © DJ. om.:% ™ DJ..om, 4's Dee valions
Pahl. trans]. May’st Thou therefore tell me, O Atharmazd, the way pro- vided by (or ‘with reference to’) the Good Mind, [tell me fully the way to the beyond (the other world)], (b) that is (or ‘where is’ (?)) the Religion of the beneficial ones, [for he*t goes there], in*® which*? way, he* has* joy from his Sanctity through his well-doing, [since he has well fulfilled his own Religion] (c) which, as the reward of Atharmazd, has been inculeated by Thee upon him who is thus wise, [that is, which has been declared by Thee as the reward] which*? has been given to*2 him*? by* Thee within* that* place. [Thou givest this in Garddman, where** Thou givest 2é to me also].
*! Or, ‘ye go there’. *2 perhaps mim dén zak = ‘amidst which’; as ordinary Pahlavi, ‘he goes there who..’, but see its original. ** or, ‘that is’.
Ner.’s sansk. text. Taih margati, Svamin, yah Uttamena Manasa, mahyari brahi (b) Diner*? labhamataim, yatra sunivasatayA Dharmachcha?2 mahotsavah, [kila, yatré *tma sviyah cuddah Aste], (c) yaa Asvadayah* utta-
Trlit. Tad(t) zi, Mazda, vairim [= *iyem] astvaité ugtandai data, Vanhéus S(k)yaothna Mananhd; yoi zi Geus verezené azyao Khshndkim huchistim, Ahura, khrateus asha fradé verezena. Verbatim transl. Hoc enim, Mazda, [praemium] diligendum corporeo vitae-vigori [hoe est, ad-augendum corporeum vitae-vigorem] dabatis [-bitis] (b) Bonae actione Mentis, [iis] qui (enim) Bovis in-servitio*! eenetricis [laborent], (c) Vestram [propriam] rectam-sapientiam, Ahura, intelligentiae sancto [vel- Sanctitate] promoventes*? servitio*®, * Vel ‘in stabulo’. #2 promoventis, i.e. ad- juvantis intelligentiae (aegre). *? fortasse ‘promoventes vicos, facientes ut: floreant(?)’. Pahl. text translit. ‘Mamman zak* #2, Aflbarmazd [am3] kamak ¢ avé valman i tand*-homand* va jén-homand [i> Asarvan]| yehabini-ait’+ (b) [mfin] pavan?+! Vohtiman kinishno7 [aratéshtar]’ min pavan Tora Az varzishno%+ [vastryésh] (c)? pavan zak 1 Lekam hd-farzanakih, Atharmazd, va pavan khirad mtn Aharayth fraz yehabtind® va? varzi-ait, [Dind*]. * See P. ? D. om. * DJ. om. £ Dd. Smandaneaee De aMssd. so Set) <2 oN. eunéd. ” D. ins. va. * DJ., D. ins. va. ° DJ., D. ins. Pahl. transl. For that which is my desire, O Atharmazd, and which is my desire also for that which is (or ‘for him who is’) the corporeal and
Xxxiv. 18, 14, 151
majiidvine [kila, yah avochah], prasado, Mahajiianin, yatra Tvadiyaya diyate. 2730s ae eed. Casmarcha:
Ner. transl. Indicate to me then, O Lord, that path which ¢s given by the Good Mind, (b) and which is that of the Din of the profitable ones, and where that great happiness is which is derived from Sanctity (or ‘ Rectitude’) through domestic virtue (or ‘happiness’), [that is, the way in which one’s own soul* becomes pure], (¢) tell me that way which Thou taughtest®* to the one who is thoroughly wise (or ‘wise concerning that which is good’), [that is, reveal to me the way which Thou declaredst of old|, and where, O Great Wise One, a reward is bestowed upon Thine own. * Taking din as daéna = ‘soul’.
Parsi-persian Ms. (Minishni = man (?)] an rah pah veh*-minishni an man gi*', Ormuzd*, [rah ¢ 6* anja ma-ra bih ga*!], (b) ka, [az = min] Din ¢ sidmandan [anja yawad], kih andar 4n 7 pah khib-kard, [kiyash Din 7 khwésh khtb-kard éstéd (so)]; ash az Sawab khoshi + u + ramishn + ham + amadah-ast (Pahl. prob t-rawa-minishni?) s¢ (c) Kiyat chashad an ti 7 nék-dana [] [az = min] Hormuzd, [kit + ya‘ni + Tf [man =ra) guft hast], kih andar an an ft 7 Ti [khwahad = ddbiishéd (sic)| dad {andar an 7¢ _ Gardtman* in; ki, an ham [] dehi]s ** Or ‘gd’. ** it looks like urawa-shinasi.
Free tr. For that choice reward, O Mazda, in* bodily life will Ye give us For the Good Mind’s actions, Ahura. For chiefs serving well the Mother Kine Have furthered Your holy plan with the intellect’s sacred action.
living [i. e. the priest] is granted; (b) and it 7s granted to him who fo//s in the deeds of a good mind [the warrior], and to him who fois with the labour of the Ox (or ‘cow’) called Az [the husbandman] (c) throuzh Your - good understanding, O Attharmazd, and the wisdom which Sanctity has (or ‘by which S. is’) furthered, and in accordance with which (the Din] is practised.
Ner.’s sansk. text. Sa yato, Mahdjidnin, kimo [’smakam] yat tanu- mate* jivamate* diyate [achdrydya] (b) Uttamena karmane Manas, [ksha- triyaya], yaccha Gava Acharayitre Ajinamnya, [kutumbine*], (c) yo Yush- makam sunirvanajidnataya*2, Svamin, buddhyacha punyapradattaya vidhiyate [Dinih’]. + J.%, J.4, J.*, C., P. *tamb- (sic) (J.% corr. 2nd hd. to kutaiib(i)ne). * J.°(?), J+, C., P. %nataya. * so J.2; J.* 2nd hand.
Ner. transl. Wherefore this és [our] desire, O Great: Wise One, that thing which is granted to the corporeal and to the living, [that is, to the in- structor], (b) for the action (or ‘the one who acts’ (?)) with the best mind [for the warrior], and which 7s also owr desire for the one who labours with the Cow called Aji, [that is, for the husbandman*], (c) which desire, O Lord, is thus established through Your good knowledge of Heaven, through Your wis- dom and through the promotion* of Your Sanctity, [i.e. the Din ds established].
Parsi-persian"Ms. Chih An ¢ [man = ra], Hérmfizd, [am] kémah 7 ana ¢ tanmand
152 XXXIV. 14, 15.
u janmand [ath(h)avarnan*(sic)] [] [khwahad = dabiishéd*], ti (no text) [u Gardtman = va Garétmdn] (b) kik [] Bahman kunishn [n= va] [arateshtaran] kih pah Gay Aj [ikht-
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Trlit. Mazda, ad(t) mdi vahista sravaoscha S(k)yaothanacha vaocha,
Ta Ta Vohti Mananha, Ashacha ishudem stiaté;
Khshmaka khshathra, Ahura, frashim [=°yem] vasna haithyem dao ahtm. Verbatim transl. Mazda, sic mihi optimas*t doctrinasque actionesque dic, (b) [et] eas Tu [indica] Bona Mente*?, Sanctitateque*2, [ut] finem-proposi- tum (vel ‘et precem confessionis’) laudis [vel cultoris}*. (c) Vestro Regno, Ahura, in-prosperitate-progredientem lin-perpetuum] gratia [Tua hunc] in-prae- senti-tempore**-exsistentem* [et bonum*] reddas mundum. ** Vel, ‘O optime’. *2 instr. sociativ. in sensu nom. *3 fortasse ‘eternum’. Pahl. text transl. +Atharmazd, aétind avd li zak i pahlam § srébd. va? ktinishné [Gasanikih] yemaleltinai (b) zak? Lak, Vohiiman, vat Ashavahishtd, avam ychabinéd pavan zak stayishnd hana, [aigh, Lekim am*® yehabinéd] (c) pavan zak 7 Lekimé khidayib, Athharmazd, Frashakardd pavan kamaké ashkaraké dén ahvand yehabini-ait?, 1 geepP. 2 D. om. va. * DJ. ins. i. *DJ., D. ins. va. * DJ. lam: D. v’am (? = va am). ®* DJ. om. 7 so DJ., D., M. °anéd. Pahl. transl. Do Thou therefore, O Atharmazd, declare to me that
Sss Es
Xxxiv. 14, 15. 153
yar-kunandah = varzishn] [vastryésh] (c) pah an 7 Shuma nék-dandai, Hormuzd, [] pah Khirad, kih Sawab bisyér dehad + ya‘ni + kunad [(] ikhtyér-kunad [Din] +
Free tr. Doctrines, Ahura, and actions, tell me which are the best ones, Mazda,
And the debtor’s prayer of the praisers; tell me this with the Truth, and the Good Mind;
And by Sovereign Power and grace bring on this world’s perfection.
which is the best word and deed [the Gathic doctrine], (b) and do Ye give (or ‘pay’) that which is Thy debt, O Vohtiman, and thine, O Ashavahisht, for this praise, [that is, pay Ye it to me], (c) for through Your sovereignty, O Atharmazd, the completion-of-Progress is made manifestly* real* in the world at will.
Ner.’s sansk. text. Mahajidnin, evarh madarthaih utkrishtatarai saras- vatith satkarmatamcha! brihi [Gathdbhavdin]; (b) Taya? tvar, he Utta- mamanah, he Dharma, rinama? deyaéh stuty&; (c) Yushmadkarh rajyena, Sva- min, akshayatvaih svechchhaya parisphutarn dasyate bhuvane.
*So J.’, J.4, J.*, C, P., but see the Pahl. 2 C. tvaya. * J.2(?), J.4 runath (?).
Ner. transl. Do Thou thus, O Great Wise One, declare for my bene- fit that most excellent speech and action, [which is the essence of the Gathic lore], (b) and may’st Thou, O Best Mind, and thou, O Sanctity, discharge the debt incurred to* me* for* this my praise, (c) for through Your sovereignty, O Lord, indestructibility shall be rendered manifest in the world as af by Your Sovereign will.
154 Kia
GAtha(a) Us'tavaiti(i). fT:
nay epbapis Fas o-gb-beq Ad.
"Be pomcus ALONG) IAG QPL MLD IMEEM. 1. Text.
sey es {ugh Dyrssepdy goals
egos bes we PLES gene?
NB. The Commentary here refers also to my former printing.
Verbatim trl. (with paraphrase). Laus vobis Gathae sanctae! In*-salute* [esto, i.e. salus esto (usta locat. adverbialiter usurpato loco nom.)] huic cui- [-cumque]; in*-salute* esto, i. e. salus [esto] alicui [cuicumque (sancto civi)]! (i.e. yahmai kahmaichid(t) = cuicumque). (b) Secundum arbitrium suum- (infinite)- regnans-et-dominans det M. [vel ‘constituat’] Ahura (c) continuos-[Suos-]duos-[mi- nistros, i.e. duas proprietates Ahurae, unam ut ministrum salubritatis (sanitatis, incolumitatis omnino)*, et unam ut ministrum immortalitatis animo conceptam, i.e. ministros duos suae voluntatis alentes felicitatem et vitam longinquitate productam hae et illac] validos-duos. [Ad me} accedat**t [hoc donum quod precibus meis expeto, i. e. ‘Amen! sic fiatt!’, id]a-Te expeto [et exoro] (d) [ad] Sanctitatem [legis Tuae sacrae] sustinendam, [i. e. ad auctoritatem ejus ubique in patria nostra defendendam et augendam]. Hoe mihi des, O Pietas*?, [O Spi- ritus devotionis ab Ahura in nos inspirate ] (e) insignia-potestatis (vel ‘divitias”™* (?) in gratiam Causae sacrae Tibi praecipue devotas’ (cp. iStim, Y. XXXII, 1x et raékh- nanhé, Y. XXXII, x1) praemia-sacra, [i. e. emolumenta bene merita] Bonae vitam Mentis]. + Vel lege ‘gaté = venire’, longe non; fortasse est ‘ged(t) — Sansk. gha + id legendum = immo vere!’ 2 ye] lege ‘°ti ‘des Tu, O Ah., per Pietatem in nobis efficacem’.
SIL, Tie
156 XU, Agoes
Jarathugtra’s declaration). Prosperous* is he whose prosperity is for any one (meaning ‘for every one’ (?)), [that is, from whose benefit there is welfare for any men (for ‘every one’ (?)). Some say that the rendering should be that this welfare 7s from the Din; and from the Din is every man’s prosperity derived]. (b) At his own will the Lord the Great Wise One, bestows upon that one (or ‘upon us’) the sovereignty in accordance with His desired object (or ‘desire’) (c) for* powerful zeal in its acquisition in consequence of thy desire (or ‘prayer’), (jor ‘from His desire for thee in the acquisition of strong zeal Ns (d) let therefore the Earth* (sic = Aramaiti) grant me that gift which is that of the apprehension of sanctity, [that is, let Spindarmada grant me the grace (or ‘reward’) which is given in the apprehension of Sanctity]; (e) and let the highest (i. e. the good) mind [the immortal Gvahmana] give life to
Verbat. trl. (with paraphrase). Itaque huic [sancto civi (vel ‘nobis (?))’] omnium optimum (b) beatitate**-(vel ‘gloriosa-indole*’)-praeditus vir [propheta] beatitatem* [vel ‘felicitatem illustrem**’] det ([vel fortasse ex contrario ‘pro hoc sancto (vel ‘pro nobis’) sibi-det (i.e. accipiat(?)) hic vir beatitatem** sacrae Causae™ nostrae’]); (c) Tuo, [i.e. perTuum spiritum| plene-revela*!-et-indica per* [Tuum] beneficentissimum* spiritum*, 0 Mazda, (d) [eas doctrinas et disciplinam] quas* statuisti Sanctitate [ut] Bonae sapientias[-tiam]-caelestes|-tem] Mentis (e) omni die [in omnes dies*?] longaevitatis* beato-incremento. *!Velfortasse ‘observans tuere (vel ‘ordine constitue’)’, *2 vel ‘huic [sancto] summum bonum sit] omni die (in dies)’.
ALE 1022: 157.
the pure and religious one (to the disciple, that is, let it be to me no decease]. This text is to be repeated twice, etc. (NB. Notice is again given to the student that the translations of the Pahl. and Ner. are throughout rather expositions than translations, as final translations of either in the ordinary sense are wholly misleading and there- fore worse than useless; see Introd. pp. XIV-XVIT, XXYV).
Parsi-persian Ms. trit. Va niydyisln an shuma, Gasan 7 asho! Nék ti kih an ¢ [] néki har-kudam, [kt. har-kudém adam? az néki7 ti néki Hast kih édtn Ltiyad; in néki {] az [} Din [] @ har kas [] néki], % (b) [] pah kémah padishahi dehad Hormuzd*, [pah lai (2?) ¢ t)* (c) Kishishn 7 tuvaniha, [ztr [] kuvatiha) ma-ra pah rasad* (?)