13. For its brightness and glory, I will offer it a sacrifice ....
14. We sacrifice unto the awful kingly Glory, made by Mazda . . . .^
15*. That belongs to the Amesha-Spe;2tas, the
bright ones, whose looks perform their wish, tall,
quickly coming to do, strong, lordly, who are un-
decaying and holy ;
16. Who are all seven of one thought, who are all
seven of one speech, who are all seven of one deed ;
whose thought is the same, whose speech is the
same, whose deed is the same, whose father and
commander is the same, namely, the Maker, Ahura
Mazda.
^ §§ ii-i2=§§ 19-20, 23-24, 89-90. ^ Doubtful.
» As above, § 9. * §§ i5-i7 = Yt. XIII, 82-84.
Zamyad Yast. 29 1
1 7. Who see one another's soul thuiking of good
thoughts, thinking of good words, thinking of good
deeds, thinking of Garo-nmana, and whose ways are
shining as they go down to the libations ;
18, Who are the makers and governors, the
shapers and overseers, the keepers and preservers
of these creations of Ahura Mazda.
19^ It is they who shall restore the world, which
will (thenceforth) never grow old and never die,
never decaying and never rotting, ever living and
ever increasing, and master of its wish, when the
dead will rise, when life and immortality will come,
and the world will be restored at its wish ;
20. When the creation will grow deathless, — the
prosperous creation of the Good Spirit, — and the
Dru(^ shall perish, though she may rush on every
side to kill the holy beings ; she and her hundred-
fold brood shall perish, as it is the will of the Lord.
For its brightness and glory, I will offer it a sacrifice ....
2 1. We sacrifice unto the awful kingly Glory, made by Mazda ....
2 2. That belonofs to the eods in the heavens and
to those in the material world, and to the blessed
ones, born or not yet born, who are to perform the
restoration of the world '-.
23 ^ It is they who shall restore the world, which
will (thenceforth) never grow old and never die,
never deca) ing and never rotting, ever living and
' §§ I9-20 = §§ 11-12. ^ The Saoshya?//s; see p. 165, note i. ^ §§ 23-24= §§ 19-20. U 2
292 YA^'TS AND SIROZAHS.
ever increasing, and master of its wish, when the
dead will rise, when life and immortality will come,
and the world will be restored at its wish ;
24. When the creation will grow deathless, — the
prosperous creation of the Good Spirit, — and the
Dru^ shall perish, though she may rush on every
side to kill the holy beings ; she and her hundred-
fold brood shall perish, as it is the will of the Lord.
For its brightness and glory, I will offer it a sacrifice ....
25. We sacrifice unto the awful kingly Glory, made by Mazda ....
26. That clave unto Haoshyangha, the Paradhata,
for a long time \ when he ruled over the seven
Karshvares of the earth, over the Daevas and men,
over the Yatus and the Pairikas, over the oppressors,
the blind, and the deaf; he who smote two-thirds of
the Daevas of Mazana and of the Varenya fiends ^
For its brightness and glory, I will offer it a sacrifice ....
27. We sacrifice unto the awful kingly Glory, made by Mazda ....
28. That clave unto Takhma Unipa, the well-
armed, while he ruled over the seven Karshvares of
the earth, over the Daevas and men, the Yatus and
Pairikas, the oppressors, the blind, and the deaf;
29. When he conquered all Daevas and men, all the Yatus and Pairikas, and rode Angra Mainyu,
^ For forty years, according to the Bundahij (XXXIV, 4) ; for
thirty years, according to Firdausi.
2 See Yt.V, 22.
Z Amy Ad Yast. 293
turned Into the shape of a horse, all around the earth from one end to the other, for thirty years \
For its brightness and glory, I will offer it a sacrifice ....
30. We sacrifice unto the awful kingly Glory, made by Mazda ....
31. That clave unto the bright Yima, the good
shepherd, for a long time -, while he ruled over the
seven Karshvares of the earth, over the Daevas and
men, the Yatus and Pairikas, the oppressors, the
blind, and the deaf;
32. He who took from the Daevas both riches
and welfare, both fatness and flocks, both weal and
Glory ^;
In whose reign both aliments* were never failing
for feeding creatures, flocks and men were undying,
waters and plants were undrying ;
33. In whose reign there was neither cold wind
nor hot wind, neither old age nor death, nor envy
made by the Daevas ^, in the times before his lie,
before he beean to have delight in words of false-
hood and untruth.
34. But when he began to find delight in words
of falsehood and untruth ^ the Glory was seen to
flee away from him in the shape of a bird. When
his Glory had disappeared, then the great '^ Yima
1 Cf. Yt. XV, 12, and notes.
2 For six hundred and sixteen years and six months (Bundahij XXXIV, 4).
' See Yt.V, 26, text and note.
* Food and drink. ' Cf Yt. XV, 16.
^ He pretended to be a god (Firdausi).
■^ Doubtful : fraejta.
294 YA5'TS AND SIROZAHS.
Khshaeta, the good shepherd, trembled and was in
sorrow before his foes ^ ; he was confounded, and
laid him down on the ground.
35. The first time^ when the Glory departed from
the bright Yima, the Glory went from Yima, the son
of Vivangha;^^, in the shape of a Varaghna bird ^
Then Mithra seized that Glory, Mithra, the lord
of wide pastures, whose ear is quick to hear, who
has a thousand senses. We sacrifice unto Mithra,
the lord of all countries, whom Ahura Mazda has
created the most glorious of all the gods in the
heavens.
36. The second time when the Glory departed
from the bright Yima, the Glory went from Yima,
the son of Vivangha/?/, in the shape of a Varaghna
bird.
Then Thraetaona seized that Glory, he, the heir
of the valiant Athwya clan, who was the most vic-
torious of all victorious men next to Zarathurtra ;
37. Who smote Az'i Dahaka, the three-mouthed,
the three-headed, the six-eyed, who had a thousand
senses, that most powerful, fiendish Dru^, that
demon baleful to the world, the strongest Dru^ that
Angra Mainyu created against the material world,
to destroy the world of the good principle ^
^ Az'i Dahaka and his followers.
'^ The Glory is described as departing three limes, because it is threefold, according as it belongs to the king considered as a priest, a warrior, or a husbandman. In that threefold character it is identical with Adar Froba, Adar Gushasp, and Adar Biarzin Mihr (p. 7, notes).
^ A raven, one of the incarnations of the Genius of Victory (Yt. XIV, 18-21; cf ibid. § 35).
* Cf. Yt. V, 34.
Zamyad Vast. 295
2,S. The third time when the Glory departed from
the bright Yima, that Glory went from Yima, the son
of Vivanghawi', in the shape of a Varaghna bird.
Then the manly-hearted Keresaspa^ seized that
Glory ; he who was the sturdiest of the men of
strength, next to Zarathu5tra, for his manly courage.
39. For Manly Courage clave unto him. We
worship Manly Courage, firm of foot, unsleeping,
quick to rise, and fully awake, that clave unto
Keresaspa ;
40. Who killed the snake Srvara, the horse-
devouring, men-devouring, yellow, poisonous snake,
over which yellow poison flowed a thumb's breadth
thick. Upon him Keresaspa was cooking his food
in a brass vessel : at the time of noon, the fiend felt
the heat, and stood upon his feet : he rushed from
under the brass vessel and upset the boiling w^ater :
the manly-hearted Keresaspa fell back affrighted^;
41. Who killed the golden-heeled Ga;^darewa,
that was rushing with open jaws, eager to destroy
the living world of the good principle ^;
Who killed the brood of Pathana, all the nine'*;
' See V, 37 (pp. 62-63, and notes); XIII, 136 ; XV, 27.
^ Cf. Yasna IX, 11 (34-39). This tale belongs to the wide- spread cyclus of the island-whale (a whale whose back is mistaken by sailors for an island ; they land upon it, cook their food there, and the monster, awaked by the heat, flies off and carries them away : see Arabian Nights, Seventy-first Night ; Baba Bathra, 5).
' See Yt. V, 38.
* Known in the Minokhired (XXVII, 50) as 'the wolf Kapo^/' (perhaps 'the blue wolf,' as INIr. West suggests), 'which they also call Pfhan.' Those nine sons of Pathana were nine highwaymen (the very word Pathana seems to have that meaning): their defeat is told by Keresaspa in a Pahlavi Rivayat as follows : ' I have slain the highwaymen who were so big in body that, when they were
296 YAS-TS AND SIROZAHS.
and the brood of Nivika, and the brood of Da^ta- yana;
Who killed the golden-crowned Hitaspa\ and
Vareshava, the son of Dana ^, and Pitaona, attended
by many Pairikas ^;
42. Who killed Arezo-shamana, him of the manly
courage, who was strong, well-beloved ^ hail, energe-
tically rushing, fully awake, never falling back — ^ ;
43. Who killed Snavidhaka, him who killed with
his nails, the stone-handed : thus did he exclaim to
all around : ' I am an infant still, I am not yet of
age : if I ever grow of age, I shall make the earth a
wheel, I shall make the heavens a chariot ;
44. ' I shall bring down the Good Spirit from the
shining Garo-nmana ; I shall make the Evil Spirit
rush up from the dreary Hell. They will carry my
walking, people considered in this way, that " below them are the stars and moon, and below them moves the sun at dawn, and the water of the sea reaches up to their knees," And I reached up to their legs, and they were smitten on the legs by me ; they fell, and the hills on the earth were shattered by them' (West, Pahlavi Texts, II, 376). Keresaspa's Fravashi, accordingly, is invoked against thieves (Yt. XIII, 136). Perhaps the assimilation of the wolf Kap6«/ with P^han is merely a guess of the author of ihe Minokhired.
^ The murderer of Keresaspa's brother, Urvakhshaya (Yt. XV, 28).
^ Doubtful: danayana. Varesha is the Pahlavi name of a bird of prey (Bund. XIV, 30), which might induce us to identify Vareshava with the gigantic bird Kamak, 'which overshadowed the earth and kept off the rain till the rivers dried up' (West, 1.1. 378), and whose destruction was one of the feats of Keresaspa.
^ Like the Pairika Knfithaiti, who clave to Keresaspa (Vend. I, 10 [36]).
* Doubtful: frazu^tem.
^ The rest of the sentence is obscure, and the text seems to be corrupt.
Zamyad Vast. 297
chariot, both the Good Spirit and the Evil One, unless the manly-hearted Keresaspa kill me.'
The manly-hearted Keresaspa killed him, his life went away, his spirit vanished \
For its brightness and glory, I will offer it a sacrifice ....
45. We sacrifice unto the awful Glory, that cannot be forcibly seized'^, made by Mazda ....
46. For which the Good Spirit and the Evil One
did struggle with one another^: for that Glory that
cannot be forcibly seized ^ they flung each of them
their darts most swift.
The Good Spirit flung a dart, and so did Vohu-
Mano, and Asha-Vahi^ta and Atar, the son of Ahura
Mazda.
The Evil Spirit flung a dart, and so did Akem-
Mano^, and Aeshma of the wounding spear, and
A^i Dahaka and Spityura, he who sawed Yima in
twain ^
1 Snavidhaka reminds one vividly of the Titanic Olus and Ephialtes (Odyssea XI, 308) :
' Such were they youths ! Had they to manhood grown,
Almighty Jove had trembled on his throne :
But ere the harvest of the beard began
To bristle on the chin, and promise man,
His shafts Apollo aim'd.' (Pope.)
^ The sacerdotal Glory; see p. n, note 6, cf. § 53.
^ When it had departed from Yima.
* Bad Thought, the demoniac counterpart of Vohu-Mano (Vend. Introd.IV, 34).
^ Spityura was a brother of Yima's (Bund. XXXI, 3 : ' Spitur was he who, with Dahak, cut up Yim,' ibid. 5, tr. West). Nothing more is known of him, though he appears to have played a great part in the original Yima legend, and to have stood to his brother in the same relation as Barmayfan and Katayun to Feridun, or
298 YA^TS AND SIROZAHS.
47. Then forward came Atar ^ the son of Ahura
Mazda, thinking thus in his heart : ' I want to seize
that Glory that cannot be forcibly seized.'